职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 3319-3323.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2023年黄石市采矿企业粉尘和噪声监测结果分析

李霞1,2, 郑登峰1, 郁英杰1, 宋焰超1(), 张家泉3   

  1. 1 黄石市疾病预防控制中心职业健康与放射防护所湖北 黄石 435000
    2 武汉科技大学职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室湖北 武汉 430065
    3 湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院湖北 黄石 435000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-23 修回日期:2025-04-02 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通信作者: 宋焰超,主任医师,E-mail:493301205@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李霞,女,副主任医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    黄石市社会科学联合会立项课题(2022z031);职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(OHIC2024Y06)

Analysis of dust and noise monitoring results of mining enterprises in Huangshi City in 2023

LI Xia1,2, ZHENG Dengfeng1, YU Yingjie1, SONG Yanchao1(), ZHANG Jiaquan3   

  1. 1 Occupational Health and Radiation Protection InstituteHuangshi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,HuangshiHubei 435000, China
    2 Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlWuhan University of Science and Technology,WuhanHubei 430065, China
    3 School of Environmental Science and EngineeringHubei Polytechnic University,HuangshiHubei 435000, China
  • Received:2025-03-23 Revised:2025-04-02 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2026-01-22
  • Contact: SONG Yanchao,Cheif physician,E-mail:493301205@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析2023年黄石市42家采矿企业工作场所粉尘和噪声监测结果,了解黄石市采矿企业职业病危害现状,为黄石市采矿企业职业病防治提供参考依据。方法 从《工作场所职业病危害因素监测》系统中导出2023年黄石市42家采矿企业的基本信息、调查结果及监测结果进行分析。结果 黄石市采矿企业主要分布在大冶市(59.52%)和阳新县(38.10%)。行业主要为常用有色金属矿采选业(30.95%),黑色金属矿采选业(30.95%),土砂石开采业(26.19%)。规模以小型为主(64.29%)。接触粉尘噪声人数分别为3 683和3 407人。矽尘岗位超标率高于噪声和其他粉尘(P<0.05);铁山区岗位超标率高于阳新县和大冶市(P<0.05);中型企业岗位超标率高于大型、小型和微型企业(P<0.05);常用有色金属矿采选业岗位超标率高于贵金属矿采选业、黑色金属矿采选业、石棉及其他非金属矿采选和土砂石开采业(P<0.05);凿岩、破碎、筛分岗位职业病危害因素超标率高,不同岗位职业病危害因素超标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2023年黄石市采矿企业总体粉尘和噪声超标率高,凿岩、破碎、筛分等岗位职业病危害因素超标率高,职业病危害严重。企业应重视粉尘和噪声的危害,加强职业病危害防护设施设置和个人防护用品使用,执法部门应加强对该行业的监管。

关键词: 采矿业, 粉尘, 噪声

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of occupational hazard factors in the workplaces of 42 mining enterprises in Huangshi City in 2023,understand the current status of occupational hazard in mining enterprises in Huangshi City,and provide reference for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in mining enterprises in Huangshi City. Methods Deriving the basic information,the investigation results and monitoring results of 42 mining enterprises in Huangshi City in 2023 from the "Monitoring System of Occupational Hazard Factors in Workplace" to analyze. Results The mining enterprises in Huangshi City were mainly distributed in Daye City(59.52%) and Yangxin County(38.10%). The main industries were commonly used non-ferrous metal mining(30.95%),ferrous metal mining(30.95%),and sand and stone mining(26.19%),and the scale was mainly small enterprises(64.29%).The number of people exposed to dust and noise was 3 683 and 3 407,respectively. The exceeding standard rate of noise position was higher than that of silica dust and other dust,the post exceeding standard rate of Tieshan District was higher than that of Yangxin County and Daye City,the post exceeding standard rate of medium-sized enterprises was higher than that of large,small and micro enterprises,the post exceeding standard rate of common non-ferrous metal mining industry was higher than that of precious metal mining industry,ferrous metal mining industry,asbestos and other non-metallic mining and soil,sand and stone mining industry(all P<0.05).The exceeding standard rate of occupational hazard factors in drilling,crushing and screening positions was high,and the exceeding standard rate of occupational hazard factors in different positions was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion In 2023,the exceeding standard rate of overall dust and noise in mining enterprises in Huangshi City is high,and the exceeding standard rate of occupational hazard factors in drilling,crushing,screening and other positions is high,indicating serious occupational hazards. Enterprises should pay attention to the hazards of dust and noise,strengthen the construction of occupational disease prevention facilities and the use of personal protective equipment,and the law enforcement departments should strengthen the supervision of mining enterprises.

Key words: Mining, Dust, Noise

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