职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 44-48.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都市汽车制造业企业中主要苯系物的职业健康风险评估

刘朝发1, 刘雪媛2(), 师杨1, 卢清平1, 张栗1   

  1. 1.成都市龙泉驿区疾病预防控制中心,四川 成都 610100
    2.成都市第七人民医院,四川 成都 610213
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-10 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通信作者: 刘雪媛,E-mail:258357563@qq.com
  • 作者简介:刘朝发,男,主管医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    成都市卫生健康委员会医学科研课题项目(2023446)

Occupational health risk assessment of benzene derivatives in automobile manufacturing industry enterprises in Chengdu City

LIU Chaofa1, LIU Xueyuan2(), SHI Yang1, LU Qingping1, ZHANG Li1   

  1. 1. Chengdu Longquanyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,China
    2. Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China
  • Received:2025-06-10 Revised:2025-07-01 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2026-02-03

摘要:

目的 了解成都市汽车制造企业中从业者苯系物的接触情况,并对研究企业开展职业健康风险评估,为其开展科学的职业健康风险管理提供支持。方法 2022年7月—2023年6月,根据《工作场所化学有害因素职业健康风险评估技术导则》对成都市4家汽车制造企业涉及苯系物的工作岗位进行职业健康风险评估。结果 定性评估结果显示,各岗位中苯的风险水平为最高的4级,而甲苯、二甲苯的风险水平介于2~4级之间。半定量评估得出所有岗位中苯的风险水平均为中等风险,甲苯、二甲苯均为低风险。定量评估可见多数岗位中苯、二甲苯的非致癌风险较大,而甲苯的非致癌风险相对较小;所有岗位中苯系物的致癌风险均较小。结论 成都市汽车制造业企业涉苯岗位较低浓度的苯系物仍存在一定的职业健康风险,需引起高度关注,企业应增强防控措施,疾病预防控制部门应加强对涉苯企业管理人员和劳动者进行培训,确保劳动者职业健康。

关键词: 汽车制造业, 苯系物, 风险评估

Abstract:

Objective To understand the benzene derivatives exposure of workers in automobile manufacturing enterprises in Chengdu,and to evaluate the occupational health risk,so as to provide the basis for the occupational health risk management of enterprises. Methods From July 2022 to June 2023,the occupational health risk assessment were conducted on job positions involving benzene derivatives in four automobile manufacturing enterprises in Chengdu City in accordance with the Guidelines for Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Workplace. Results The qualitative assessment results showed that benzene had a higher risk level of 4 in each position,while toluene and xylenes had a risk level of 2-4. The semi-quantitative assessment found that the risk level of benzene in all positions was moderate risk,and toluene and xylenes were low risk. The quantitative evaluation results showed that the non-carcinogenic risk of benzene and xylenes was higher in most positions,and the non-carcinogenic risk of toluene was lower. The carcinogenic risk of benzene derivatives was low in all positions. Conclusion There is still a certain occupational health risk associated with low concentrations of benzene derivatives in the benzene-related positions of automotive manufacturing enterprises in Chengdu,which requires high attention. Enterprises should enhance prevention and control measures,and the disease prevention and control departments should strengthen the training of managers and workers in benzene-related enterprises to ensure the occupational health of workers.

Key words: Automobile manufacturing industry, Benzene derivatives, Risk assessment

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