职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 54-59.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2017—2022年北京市丰台区PM2.5中PAHs的污染特征及来源分析

宋文颉1, 闫帅2, 王玉江1, 张来颖1()   

  1. 1.北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心,北京 100070
    2.首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,北京 100070
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-23 修回日期:2025-06-09 出版日期:2026-01-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通信作者: 张来颖,E-mail:laiying998@163.com
  • 作者简介:宋文颉,女,主管技师,主要从事大气中有毒有害物质浓度监测与评估工作。

Analysis of the pollution characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Fengtai District of Beijing City from 2017 to 2022

SONG Wenjie1, YAN Shuai2, WANG Yujiang1, ZHANG Laiying1()   

  1. 1. Beijing Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100070,China
    2. Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China
  • Received:2025-05-23 Revised:2025-06-09 Online:2026-01-01 Published:2026-02-03

摘要:

目的 2017—2022年通过连续采集北京市丰台区空气样本,分析细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM2.5)中PAHs的污染特征及来源,为大气污染防治提供参考。方法 2017—2022年每月10—16日和雾霾天气采集空气样本,分析不同年份、季节和采暖期的空气PM2.5中PAHs的各类成分含量和污染来源。结果 2017—2022年,丰台区PM2.5平均质量浓度呈现下降趋势,2017年是2022年的2.6倍。PAHs平均质量浓度呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势,其中2018年是2020年的29.0倍。各月PM2.5和PAHs平均质量浓度高峰多集中于冬季,其中PM2.5平均质量浓度最高为2017年2月(0.175 mg/m3),PAHs最高为2019年1月(121.24 ng/m3)。不同年份、季节、取暖期与非取暖期的PAHs各类成分的平均质量浓度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。冬季PAHs平均质量浓度是夏季的14.6倍,取暖期是非取暖期的5.6倍。丰台区污染来源以煤/生物质燃烧源为主,其次是交通源。结论 2017—2022年丰台区空气中PM2.5和PAHs呈现下降趋势,空气质量好转,但取暖期较非取暖期的大气污染较重,仍需加强以煤/生物质燃烧源为主的污染源头控制和治理。

关键词: 细颗粒物, 多环芳烃, 污染特征, 来源

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the pollution characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in fine particulate matter(PM2.5) by continuously collecting air samples from Fengtai District of Beijing City from 2017 to 2022,and provide references for air pollution prevention and control. Methods Air samples were collected from 10th to 16th every month together with haze weather to analyze the various components and pollution sources of PAHs in PM2.5 in different years,seasons,and heating periods. Results From 2017 to 2022,the average concentration of PM2.5 in Fengtai District showed a downward trend,and it was 2.6 times more in 2017 than that in 2022. The average concentration of PAHs showed a rising-decreasing-rising trend,and it was 29.0 times more in 2018 than that in 2020. The peak average concentration of PM2.5 and PAHs was mostly concentrated in winter,and the supreme of PM2.5 was in February 2017(0.175 mg/m3) while the peak average concentration of PAHs was in January 2019(121.24 ng/m3). There were statistically significant differences in the average concentrations of various components of PAHs in different years,seasons,heating periods and non-heating periods(all P<0.05). The average concentration of PAHs in winter was 14.6 times more than that in summer,and the heating period was 5.6 times more than that in non-heating period. The pollution sources in Fengtai District were mainly coal/biomass combustion sources,followed by traffic sources. Conclusion From 2017 to 2022,the concentration of PM2.5 and PAHs in the air in Fengtai District of Beijing City were decreased gradually,and the air quality was improved,but the pollution in the heating period was still more severe than that in the non-heating period,it is still necessary to strengthen the pollution sources control,especially the control of coal/biomass combustion sources.

Key words: Fine particulate matter, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Pollution characteristics, Sources

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