关键词: 高原地区, 管道防腐, 职业卫生, 风险评估

Abstract:

Objective To compare the applicability of four occupational health risk assessment methods in the health risk assessment of dust operation positions in pipeline anti-corrosion enterprises in high-altitude areas. Methods Taking dust exposure posts in pipeline anti-corrosion company in Qinghai Province as the research object，an on-site investigation and detection of occupational hazards were conducted in 2023.The classification of occupational hazards in the workplace of GBZ/T 229.1-2010 "Classification of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace Part 1：Productive Dust"，the comprehensive index method of GBZ/T 298-2017 "Technical Guidelines for Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Hazardous Factors in the Workplace"，the occupational health risk assessment model method（the quantitative method） of the International Council on Mining and Metals （ICMM），and the occupational hazard risk index method were used to evaluate the occupational health risk level in key dust exposure positions，and the results of four risk assessments were compared. Results The occupational health risk assessment results of each dust exposure position showed that all the posts were rated as relatively harmless operations（1st level） in the method of classification of occupational hazards in the workplace，and low risk（2nd level） in the comprehensive index method. The spraying position was rated as intolerable risk（5th level），the grinding position as very high risk（4th level），and the remaining positions all as high risks in ICMM quantitative method，all the positions as no hazard risk（1st level） in the occupational hazard risk index method. Four different methods were employed to calculate the risk ratios，and statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS 25.0. The Fleiss' Kappa value was calculated to be -0.274，which was less than 0.2，indicating a low overall consistency and statistically significant differences（P<0.01）. Conclusion All four risk assessment methods can evaluate the occupational health risks of dust exposure positions in pipeline anti-corrosion enterprises in high-altitude areas，but the assessment results are not consistent. Among them，the classification of occupational hazards in the workplace can be focusing on the posts exposed to dust with a high content of free silica，the ICMM quantitative method can quickly identify the key posts that enterprises should focus on in terms of dust exposure，and both the comprehensive index method and the occupational hazard risk assessment method can help enterprises improve and perfect their own hazard control measures.

Key words: Plateau area, Pipeline anti-corrosion, Occupational health, Risk assessment