职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 184-188.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南省市售辣椒制品中真菌毒素膳食暴露风险评估

赖宣丞, 邢坤, 聂宏骞, 黎承, 石慧   

  1. 海南省疾病预防控制中心(海南省预防医学科学院),海南 海口 571129
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-05-23 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 作者简介:赖宣丞,女,食品高级工程师,主要从事食品理化检验研究工作。

Dietary exposure risk assessment of mycotoxin in chili products sold in Hainan Province

LAI Xuancheng, XING Kun, NIE Hongqian, LI Cheng, SHI Hui   

  1. Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Hainan Academy of Preventive Medicine),Haikou,Hainan 571129,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-05-23 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-06

摘要:

目的 调查海南省市售辣椒制品中黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxins,AFT)和赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)的膳食暴露量及风险水平。 方法 于2021—2023年采用高效液相色谱串联质谱(high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)测定辣椒制品中的AFT和OTA含量,前处理使用免疫亲和柱进行净化。运用点评估法对海南人群食用辣椒制品中AFTB1和 OTA 的膳食暴露量进行估算;依照食品添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives,JECFA)所推荐的危险评估方法,评估AFTB1诱发肝癌的效力;通过暴露限值(margin of exposure,MOE)法对辣椒制品中的 AFTB1和 OTA 的膳食暴露量加以计算,从而得出 MOE 值。 结果 共采集辣椒制品109份,ATFB1检出率最高,为44.03%,超标率为2.75%;OTA的检出率次之,为22.02%,其他检出率依次为AFTB2(11.00%)、AFTG1(4.59%)、AFTG2(0.92%)。AFTB1和OTA的膳食暴露量分别为0.035和0.016 ng/(kg·BW/d),MOE值为11 428和906 250。 结论 海南省市售辣椒制品中存在AFT和OTA污染。AFTB1和OTA的MOE值均>10 000,表明公共卫生安全风险在可控范围内。

关键词: 辣椒, 黄曲霉毒素, 赭曲霉毒素A, 膳食暴露, 风险评估

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the dietary exposure and risk level of aflatoxin(AFT) and ochratoxin A(OTA) in chili products sold in Hainan Province. Methods High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the content of AFT and OTA in chili products,and the pre-treatment was purified using an immunoaffinity column. The point estimation method was employed to calculate the dietary exposure levels of AFTB1 and OTA in chili products consumed by the Hainan population. In accordance with the risk assessment method recommended by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives(JECFA),the efficacy of AFTB1 in inducing liver cancer was evaluated. The dietary exposure levels of AFTB1 and OTA in chili products were computed by the margin of exposure(MOE) method,thus obtaining the MOE value. Results A total of 109 samples of chili products were collected. The detection rate of AFB1 was the highest,reaching 44.03%,and the over-standard rate was 2.75%. The detection rate of OTA ranked second,at 22.02%,followed by AFTB2(11.00%),AFTG1(4.59%),and AFTG(20.92%). The dietary exposure levels of AFTB1 and OTA were 0.035 and 0.016 ng/(kg·BW/d),and the MOE values were 11 428 and 906 250 chili praducts sold in Hainan Province. Conclusion There is contamination of AFT and OTA in chili praducts sold in Hainan Province.The MOE values of both were greater than 10 000,indicating that the public health security risk was within a controllable range.

Key words: Chili, Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, Dietary exposure, Risk assessment

中图分类号: