关键词: 大学生, 运动与营养, 体质健康

Abstract: Objective Through analyzing the influence of high-intensity interval training （HIIT） and nutritional intervention on the physical health of overweight and obese college students by factorial design,to explore the interaction between HIIT exercise and nutrition intervention in the process of adjusting college students' physical health,provide reference basis for formulating measures to prevent and improve obesity among college students,guiding the reform of physical education and improving the physical health level of medical students. Methods From March to May 2022,53 overweight and obese college students were recruited and randomly divided into four groups according to body mass index（BMI）,including 11 people in the control group,15 people in the exercise-only group,11 people in the nutrition-only group,and 16 people in the exercise combined with nutrition intervention group. The exercise intervention adopted HIIT exercise,three times a week,and lasts for eight weeks. The nutrition intervention adopted the diet guidance for the first three weeks and the whole process of WeChat push healthy diet knowledge education. After eight weeks of intervention,the body shape,body composition,body function and physiological items of each group were tested,and the factorial design was used to analyze the main effect and interaction of HIIT exercise,nutrition,and the combined intervention of HIIT exercise and nutrition on the physical health of overweight and obese college students. Results After eight weeks of intervention,the body weight of the exercise-only group,nutrition-only group and exercise combined with nutrition intervention group were reduced by（2.19±1.88）,（3.38±1.37） and （4.78±1.61）kg,respectively,the waist circumference of the exercise combined with nutrition intervention group reduced by（4.52±3.44）cm,and the differences were statistically significant compared with the control group（all P<0.05）. The exercise significantly reduced visceral fat area of college students[（10.60±4.17）cm²],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The exercise significantly reduced systolic blood pressure of college students[（14.06±5.48）mm Hg],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusions After analysis,it is found that HIIT exercise（three times/week,eight weeks in total） and nutritional intervention have effects on body shape,body composition,lung function,heart rate and blood pressure of overweight and obese college students,but there is no interaction. The HIIT exercise can promote the physical health of overweight and obese college students,but it is necessary to further consider the frequency and duration of weekly exercise to determine the best program. In terms of nutrition intervention,in this study,the nutritional intervention method based on daily dietary guidance and knowledge education is still limited for overweight and obese college students. It is necessary for the school to actively provide scientific guidance on the selection and production of meals in the school cafeteria,and actively guide the health diet of college students,to form healthy eating habits,and improve the physical health of college students.

Key words: College students, Exercise and nutrition, Physical health