职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 945-949.

• 论著 • 上一篇    

兰州市榆中县农村住宅室内环境颗粒物水平及影响因素调查

李盛1, 王金玉2, 王先良3, 王冰洁2, 郑艳妮1   

  1. 1.兰州市第一人民医院公共卫生科,甘肃 兰州 730050;
    2.兰州大学基础医学院人体解剖学教研室,甘肃 兰州 730000;
    3.中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京 100021
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-12 修回日期:2022-09-06 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 郑艳妮,副主任护师,E-mail:11787108407@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李盛,男,主任医师,主要从事环境与健康方面研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21976169); 甘肃省科技计划资助(20CX9FA134)

Investigation on the levels of particulate matters and its influencing factors of rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County of Lanzhou City

LI Sheng1, WANG Jin-yu2, WANG Xian-liang3, WANG Bing-jie2, ZHENG Yan-ni1   

  1. 1. Department of Public Health,First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China;
    2. Department of Human Anatomy,School of Basic Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China;
    3. National Institute of Environmental Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China
  • Received:2022-08-12 Revised:2022-09-06 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: ZHENG Yan-ni,Deputy chief nurse,E-mail:11787108407@qq.com

摘要: 目的 了解兰州市榆中县农村住宅室内颗粒物水平及影响因素,为该地区住宅室内颗粒物污染防控提供参考依据。方法 于2019年10月(秋季)和12月(冬季),整群选择榆中县一村20户农村家庭为调查对象,问卷调查住宅特征,监测每户住宅卧室和客厅细颗粒物(particulate matter with particle size below 2.5 microns,PM2.5)和可吸入颗粒物(particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns,PM10)浓度、温度和相对湿度,并对数据进行分析。结果 20户住宅室内PM2.5、PM10超标率分别为78.26%和26.09%。室内PM2.5和PM10超标率冬季(100.00%、43.48%)高于秋季(58.33%、8.33%)(χ2=9.39、8.20,均P<0.05),做饭主要燃料类型对PM2.5浓度有影响(χ2=7.83,P<0.05),种植花草对PM10浓度有影响(χ2=4.80,P<0.05)。冬季是农村住宅室内PM2.5超标的危险因素(OR=9.242,95%CI:1.729~49.412),冬季(OR=15.138,95%CI:2.268~101.045)和不种植花草(OR=8.722,95%CI:1.490~51.067)是PM10超标的危险因素。结论 榆中县农村住宅室内环境存在颗粒物污染情况较为严峻,主要是PM2.5超标严重,冬季和不种植花草对颗粒物浓度有影响。

关键词: 细颗粒物, 可吸入颗粒物, 超标率, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the levels of particulate matters and its influencing factors of rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County,provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of indoor particulate pollution in this area. Methods In October(autumn) and December(winter) of 2019,20 rural households were selected by cluster sampling as objects in a village of Yuzhong County. The housing characteristics were investigated by questionnaire. The concentrations of particulate matter with particle size below 2.5 microns(PM2.5) and particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns(PM10),as well as temperature and relative humidity in bedroom and living room of every household were measured,and the data were analyzed. Results The exceeding standard rate of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 in 20 households was 78.26% and 26.09% respectively. The exceeding standard rates of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 in winter(100.00%,43.48%) were higher than those in autumn(58.33%,8.33%)(χ2=9.39,8.20,both P<0.05). The main fuel types of cooking had an effect on PM2.5 concentration(χ2=7.83,P<0.05),while indoor plant had an effect on PM10χ2=4.80,P<0.05). The winter was the risk factor of exceeded PM2.5 concentration in rural residential indoor environment(OR=9.242,95%CI:1.729-49.412). The winter(OR=15.138,95%CI:2.268-101.045) and no plants in the house(OR=8.722,95%CI:1.490-51.067) were the risk factors of exceeded PM10 concentration. Conclusion There is particulate matter pollution of the rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County,the main problem is serious PM2.5 pollution,and winter and no plants in the house have impact on particle concentration.

Key words: PM2.5, PM10, Exceeding standard rate, Influencing factors

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