职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 301-306.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆市渝北区工作场所噪声危害现状调查

李春林, 李文, 罗琳()   

  1. 重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心重庆 401120
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 罗琳,E-mail:594098218@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李春林,女,主治医师,主要从事职业卫生相关工作。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市疾控局疾控科研项目(2026JKXM015)

Investigation on the current status of noise hazard in workplace in Yubei District of Chongqing City

LI Chunlin, LI Wen, LUO Lin()   

  1. Chongqing Yubei District Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 401120,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-07-16 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: LUO Lin,E-mail:594098218@qq.com

摘要:

目的 对重庆市渝北区重点行业工作场所噪声危害情况进行现场调查和现场监测,掌握渝北区工作场所噪声危害情况,为监管部门噪声防控提供依据。方法 根据《2023年重庆市渝北区工作场所职业病危害因素监测工作方案》内容,66家企业作为本次研究的对象,采用现场调查收集企业的基本信息和职业监管现状,并对企业工作现场噪声强度进行现场检测,并对数据进行分析。结果 66家企业接触职业病危害因素人员7 849人,其中噪声接触人员6 928人,占接害人员的88.3%。不同企业规模、经济类型、行业分类之间接害人数、接触噪声人数分布情况及接害人数培训率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。随着企业规模的增大,噪声超标情况逐渐增加,噪声职业健康检查异常率却逐渐降低,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。噪声职业健康检查异常率相关分析发现,噪声职业健康检查异常率与噪声超标情况以及防噪设施设备有效率相关。结论 重庆市渝北区噪声职业危害较为严重,应加强生产性企业的职业卫生监管力度和培训,尤其是中小微企业职业健康管理工作的培训,促使企业配备有效的降噪设施。落实岗前、在岗、离岗健康检查,重视和督促劳动者佩戴防噪耳塞或耳罩,尽可能有效降低噪声对劳动者的危害。

关键词: 噪声, 工作场所, 现状调查

Abstract:

Objective To understand the hazards of noise in the workplace in Yubei District and provide a basis for noise prevention and control for regulatory authorities through the field investigation and monitoring of the noise hazards in the workplace in key industries in Yubei District of Chongqing City. Methods According to the project of "2023 Chongqing Yubei District workplace occupational-disease-inductive factors monitoring work",66 companies were included in this study. The basic information and the status of occupational supervision were collected by field investigation,the noise intensity of the work site was monitored on site,and the data were analyzed. Results There were 7 849 workers exposed to the occupational-disease-inductive factors in 66 enterprises,among whom 6 928 were exposed to noise,account for 88.3%. There were statistically significant differences in the number of people exposed to occupational hazards,the distribution of people exposed to noise,and the training rate of people exposed to occupational hazards among different enterprise sizes,economic types,and industry classifications(all P<0.05). With the increase of enterprises size,the situation of excessive noise gradually increases,but the abnormal rate of occupational health examination for noise gradually decreases,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The correlation analysis of the abnormal rate of noise occupational health examination found that the abnormal rate of noise occupational health examination was related to the situation of excessive noise and the efficiency of noise prevention facilities and equipment. Conclusion The occupational hazards of noise in Yubei District of Chongqing City are relatively serious. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and training of occupational health in productive enterprises,especially in the training of occupational health management in micro,small and medium enterprises,and encourage enterprises to equip effective noise reduction facilities. Implement pre-duty,on-duty and off-duty occupational health examinations,attach importance to and supervise workers to wear noise proof earplugs or earmuffs,and effectively reduce the harm of noise to workers as much as possible.

Key words: Noise, Operational site, On-site investigation

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