职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 349-356.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

医院磁性水平与职业获益感在临床护士职业压力与隐性缺勤间的多重中介作用

牛荻1,2, 杨凤娟2, 鲍宿灿1, 孙志霞3(), 冯会玲1()   

  1. 1.河北中医药大学河北 石家庄 050200
    2.菏泽市成武县人民医院山东 菏泽 274200
    3.河北中医药大学第一附属医院河北 石家庄 050200
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-23 修回日期:2025-05-12 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 孙志霞,E-mail:420691436@qq.com;冯会玲,E-mail:463771448@qq.com
  • 作者简介:牛荻,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为护理管理。
  • 基金资助:
    省属高校基本科研业务项目(YXTD2023009)

Multiple mediation effects of hospital magnetism and perceived professional benefits between occupational stress and presenteeism among clinical nurses

NIU Di1,2, YANG Fengjuan2, BAO Sucan1, SUN Zhixia3(), FENG Huiling1()   

  1. 1. Hebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebei 050200,China
    2. Heze Chengwu County People's HospitalHezeShandong 274200,China
    3. The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebei 050200,China
  • Received:2025-04-23 Revised:2025-05-12 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: SUN Zhixia,E-mail:420691436@qq.com;FENG Huiling,E-mail:463771448@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解临床护士隐性缺勤状况,探讨医院磁性水平与职业获益感在护士职业压力和隐性缺勤间的多重中介作用。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2024年1—5月在河北省、山东省2所三级医院抽取360名临床护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、职业获益感量表、医院磁性水平量表、职业压力表、隐性缺勤量表对临床护士进行调查分析。结果 临床护士职业获益感总分为(123.93±23.76)分,医院磁性要素水平总分为(156.49±25.05)分,职业压力总分为(87.42±22.47)分,隐性缺勤总分为(18.02±6.75)分。临床护士隐性缺勤总分与职业压力总分及各维度得分均呈正相关(r=0.186~0.343,均P<0.01),与医院磁性水平总分及各维度得分均呈负相关(r=-0.404~-0.325,均P<0.01),与职业获益感总分及各维度得分均呈负相关(r=-0.437~-0.320,均P<0.05)。临床护士医院磁性水平在职业压力和隐性缺勤间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.051,占总效应的12.41%,职业获益感在职业压力和隐性缺勤间起部分中介作用,中介效应为 0.065,占总效应的15.82%,医院磁性水平、职业获益感在职业压力和隐性缺勤间起链式中介作用,中介效应为0.008,占总效应的1.95%。结论 临床护士隐性缺勤发生率较高,职业压力可分别通过医院磁性水平、职业获益感的中介作用及医院磁性水平和职业获益感的链式中介作用间接影响护士隐性缺勤。

关键词: 护士, 隐性缺勤, 职业压力, 磁性医院, 职业获益感

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of presenteeism among clinical nurses and explore the multiple mediation effects of hospital magnetism and sense of occupational benefits between nurses' occupational stress and presenteeism. Methods By using the convenient sampling method,360 clinical nurses were selected as research subjects from two tertiary hospitals in Hebei and Shandong provinces from January to May 2024. General information questionnaires,the perceived professional benefits scale,the hospital magnetism level scale,the occupational stress scale,and the hidden absenteeism scale were used to conduct the investigation and analysis of clinical nurses. Results The total score of perceived professional benefits of clinical nurses was (123.93±23.76)points,the total score of hospital magnetism element level was (156.49±25.05)points,the total score of occupational stress was (87.42±22.47)points,and the total score of hidden absenteeism was (18.02±6.75)points. The total score of hidden absenteeism of clinical nurses was positively correlated with the total score of occupational stress and the scores of each dimension(r=0.186-0.343,all P<0.01),negatively correlated with the total score of hospital magnetism level and the scores of each dimension(r=-0.404- -0.325,all P<0.01),and negatively correlated with the total score of perceived professional benefits and the scores of each dimension(r=-0.437--0.320,all P<0.05). The hospital magnetism level of clinical nurses played a partial mediating role between occupational stress and hidden absenteeism,with a mediating effect of 0.051,accounting for 12.41% of the total effect. Perceived professional benefits played a partial mediating role between occupational stress and hidden absenteeism,with a mediating effect of 0.065,accounting for 15.82% of the total effect. Hospital magnetism level and perceived professional benefits played a chain mediating role between occupational stress and hidden absenteeism,with a mediating effect of 0.008,accounting for 1.95% of the total effect. Conclusion The incidence of hidden absenteeism among clinical nurses is relatively high. Occupational stress can indirectly affect nurses' hidden absenteeism respectively through the mediating role of hospital magnetism level and perceived professional benefits,and the chain mediating role of hospital magnetism level and perceived professional benefits.

Key words: Nurses, Hidden absenteeism, Occupational stress, Magnet hospital, Perceived professional benefits

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