Table of Content

01 April 2023, Volume 39 Issue 7

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Treatise

Construction of professional psychological quality model for civil aviation air security personnel

GAO Cui-cui, WANG Yan-qing, SHI Hai-tao

2023, 39(7):  865-869. 

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Objective To explore the structure model of professional psychological quality of civil aviation air security personnel. Methods Base on the grounded theory,various forms of interview were conducted on the civil aviation air security personnel from September 2019 to January 2020. The qualitative analysis tool Nvivo was used to code the interview data,to construct the professional psychological quality model of civil aviation air security personnel. The professional psychological quality questionnaire of civil aviation insurance personnel was compiled,and it was tested,and Mplus8.3 was used to verify the professional psychological quality model of civil aviation insurance personnel.The weight coefficient of the indicator was calculated according to the factor load index of each indicator. Results Totally 35 free nodes were extracted and then which are divided into nine core quality indicators：communication and coordination ability,leadership cooperation ability,emotion management ability,learning ability,anomalies identification ability,adaptability,career identity,positive attitude,and harden will. The nine core quality indicators were summarized into three aspects：occupational adaptability,occupational cognitive ability and occupational personality. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the composite reliability（CR） of all dimensions was >0.7,the average variance extraction（AVE） was >0.5,the discriminant validity（DV） and the model fitting index were good. Among the three first-level indicators,the indicator of occupational adaptability had the highest weight,followed by occupational personality. Among the nine second-level indicators,communication and coordination ability,learning ability,adaptability and positive attitude had the higher weight. Conclusion The structure model of professional psychological quality of civil aviation air safety personnel is composed of three first-class indicators and nine second-class indicators,the construction of the model can be an important theoretical reference for the selection,training,assessment and post arrangement of air safety personnel.

Analysis on results of on-the-job occupational health examination and its influencing factors among radiation workers in some medical institutions in Tianjin in 2020

YANG Xue-ying, WANG Da-yu, ZENG Qiang

2023, 39(7):  870-874. 

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Objective To further understand the occupational health status of radiation workers in medical institutions,provide basis for protecting occupational health of radiation workers and conducting health education. Methods In October 2021,the data of on-the-job occupational health examination of 1 883 radiation workers in medical institutions in Tianjin were collected and analyzed. By the SPSS 24.0 statistical software,χ² test was used to analyze the differences in the abnormal rates of hemogram,blood pressure,blood glucose,thyroid hormone and ocular lens opacity,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal blood pressure,blood glucose and ocular lens. Results The highest abnormal rate of on-the-job physical examination of medical radiation workers was abnormal blood pressure（19.4%）,followed by lens opacity（15.0%）,in addition,the abnormal rate of hemoglobin was 4.2%（80/1 883）,the abnormal rate of platelet was 5.8%（109/1 883）,and the abnormal rate of thyroid stimulation hormone（TSH） was 3.8%（71/1 883）. The age was the independent influencing factor of blood pressure,blood glucose and ocular lens opacity,and the correlation gradually increased with age,while the post type was the non-independent influencing factor of abnormal rate of hemogram,blood pressure,blood glucose,thyroid hormone and ocular lens opacity. Compared with hospitals at level 1 and below,the abnormal rates of TSH and blood glucose in level-3 medical institutions were lower,which the differences were statistically significant（both P<0.05）,while the the ocular lens opacity rate was higher,which was 1.899 times higher than that in hospitals at level 1 and below（OR=1.899,95%CI：1.246-2.894）. Conclusion In the physical examination and health management of radiation workers,in addition to paying attention to the abnormalities of leukocytes,platelets,thyroid hormones and eye crystals,the non-sensitive indicators of hemoglobin,erythrocyte and blood pressure abnormalities should also be paid attention to,and the health management of thyroid hormones and blood glucose in hospitals at level 1 and below and the eye protection of staff in level-3 medical institutions should be strengthened.

Analysis on the influencing factors of job burnout among employees in a key high-speed railway unit of Shanghai

LIU Yan, CAO Xue-ling, JIN Yu, JIANG Lin

2023, 39(7):  875-879. 

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Objective To explore the influencing factors of job burnout among employees in a high-speed railway unit of Shanghai,provide reference for the formulation of intervention on measures. Methods By using the cross-sectional study,a questionnaire survey was conducted among employees in a high-speed railway unit of Shanghai from September to November 2020. A total of 420 questionnaires were distributed and 400 were received with a recovery rate of 95.2%,and there were 385 valid questionnaires with an effective recovery rate of 91.7%. The Maslach burnout inventory general survey（MBI-GS） was used to evaluate job burnout. The 2 test was used to analyze the differences in job burnout scores and positive rates among staff with different characteristics. The binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of job burnout and its various dimensions. Results The overall detection rate of job burnout was 42.6%.The scores of three dimensions of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced sense of achievement were （15.50±7.71）,（6.91±6.45） and （11.17±7.48）points,respectively. The binary logistic regression analysis showed,compared with the group that job burnout was not detected,exercise frequency of 1-2 times/week was a protective factor for job burnout（OR=0.512,P<0.05）,while poor sleep was the risk factor for job burnout（OR=3.571,P<0.05）. From the dimensions of job burnout,compared with the group that job burnout was not detected,poor sleep was a risk factor for high emotional exhaustion,moderate emotional exhaustion,and high level of depersonalization（OR=10.14,3.391, 3.326,all P<0.05）. The exercise frequency of 3-5 times/week was a protective factor for depersonalization（OR=0.254,P<0.05）. The exercise frequency of 1-2 and ≥6 times a week were protective factors for high level of reduced sense of achievement（OR=0.393,0.280,both P<0.05）. The senior title was a protective factor of moderate level of reduced sense of achievement（OR=0.442,P<0.05）. Conclusion The sleep quality and exercise habits have a certain impact on occurrence of job burnout among employees in a high-speed railway unit of Shanghai,so the corresponding measures should be formulated according to different influencing factors to reduce the job burnout and improve work efficiency.

Investigation on risk factors of cervical spondylosis in civil servants based on structural equation model

TAN Tao, ZHU Lei

2023, 39(7):  880-884. 

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Objective To investigate the influencing factors of cervical spondylosis risk among civil servants in Yuzhong District of Chongqing,analyze the action path and size of each influencing factor by using structural equation model. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the risk factors of cervical spondylosis in 342 civil servants in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from October to December 2021. The principal component analysis method was used to extract the relevant potential variables,and the structural equation model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors. Results The total score of cervical spondylosis risk of civil servants in Yuzhong District of Chongqing was （25.32±3.99）points,the fatigue factor score was （8.92±1.86）points,and the behavioral factor score was （16.40±4.49）points. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of fatigue and behavioral factors in the risk of cervical spondylosis among civil servants of different age,working years,having neck pain,neck pain parts,raising their heads and heads high at work,carrying a shoulder bag,low back pain,and tinnitus（all P<0.05）. The direct effect of potential disease factors was 3.412,the direct effect of social characteristic factors was -0.317,and the indirect effect of limb condition factors on civil servants' cervical spondylosis by influencing potential disease factors was 0.088. Conclusion The risk of cervical spondylosis in civil servants in Yuzhong District of Chongqing is at a medium level,the potential disease factors and social characteristics have a direct impact on the risk of cervical spondylosis in civil servants,and the limb status factors affect the risk of cervical spondylosis in civil servants through mediation,which have an indirect impact on the risk of cervical spondylosis in civil servants.

Effects of work-family spillover stress and psychological capital on occupational stress of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital

ZHANG Li, JIAO Wei, SUN Xue, WANG Su-qin, ZHANG Jing

2023, 39(7):  885-889. 

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Objective To understand the status of work-family spillover stress,psychological capital and occupational stress of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital in Wuxi City,explore the effects of work family spillover stress and psychological capital on nurses' occupational stress. Methods Using the convenient sampling method,186 clinical nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospital in Wuxi City were selected as the survey objects from October to December 2021. The work-family spillover stress scale,psychological capital scale and occupational stress scale were used in the investigation,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of work-family spillover stress of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital was （13.24±2.16）points,the score of psychological capital was （82.84±16.62）points,and the score of occupational stress was （332.42±64.28）points. There were statistically significant differences in the score of work-family spillover stress among grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different department,age,length of service,educational background,professional title,marital status,monthly income and monthly night shift frequency（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of psychological capitala mong grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different age,length of service,professional title and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in occupational stress scoreamong grade-A tertiary hospital nurses in different department,age,length of service,professional title,marital status,monthly income and monthly night shift frequency（all P<0.05）. There was a positive correlation between work-family spillover stress and occupational stress（r=0.685,P<0.01）,a negative correlation between psychological capital and occupational stress（r=-0.579,P<0.01）,and a negative correlation between work-family spillover stress and psychological capital（r=-0.586,P<0.01）. The psychological capital of clinical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital played a partial mediating role between work-family spillover pressure and occupational stress,and the mediating effect was 0.234,accounting for 43.17% of the total effect. Conclusion The psychological capital plays a partial intermediary role in the impact of work-family spillover pressure on occupational stress of clinical nurses. In order to reduce the occupational stress of nurses,nursing managers need to improve the level of psychological capital of nurses,so as to reduce the impact of work family spillover pressure on occupational stress.

Analysis on disease regularity and characteristics of occupational diseases in Yunnan Province from 2011-2020

LI Ya-juan, ZHANG Yong-chang, XING Yi

2023, 39(7):  890-894. 

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Objective To analyze the regularity and characteristics of occupational diseases in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020,provide a scientific basis for occupational disease prevention. Methods The new cases of occupational diseases in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020 were collected from the "Occupational diseases and health hazactors monitoring information system",and the disease,region and industry distribution of cases were statistically analyzed. Results From 2011 to 2020,3 894 new occupational disease cases were reported in Yunnan Province. Among them,the number of new cases of occupational pneumoconiosis,occupational poisoning and occupational skin disease ranked top three,accounting for 92.42%,5.83% and 0.51% respectively. The proportion of male cases（98.97%） was much higher than that of female cases（1.03%）. The median age of cases was 46 years old,and the median length of service was 7.42 years. The new cases of occupational diseases increased year by year since 2011,reaching its peak in 2014,after that,it has shown a fluctuating downward trend. The top three regions were Chuxiong Prefecture,Kunming City and Zhaotong City. The industry was mainly distributed in the mining and manufacturing industries,mainly small enterprises and private economy. Conclusion The occupational pneumoconiosis is the main disease of occupational diseases in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020,the occupational diseases show the cluster distribution in regions,industries and enterprises,and strengthening the prevention and control of occupational diseases in key industries and enterprises is the focus of occupational disease prevention.

Study on relationship between occupational fatigue,occupational expectations and work engagement of rehabilitation therapists in Nanchang City

LIU Tian-tian, LIU Zhe, SONG Wei-wei, HE Zhong-li, LI Xia-zhen, XIONG Dan-dan

2023, 39(7):  895-898. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of occupational fatigue of rehabilitation therapists in Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province,explore its correlation with occupational expectations,work engagement. Methods Using the convenience sampling method,138 rehabilitation therapists working in the rehabilitation medicine department of Nanchang City in Jiangxi Province were selected as the survey objects from September 2021 to February 2022. The general situation questionnaire,occupational fatigue rating scale,occupational expectation scale,and work engagement scale were used to conduct survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of occupational fatigue of rehabilitation therapists in Nanchang City was （16.80±2.56）points,the total score of occupational expectation was （70.20±13.56）points,and the total score of work engagement was （65.90±12.29）points,all of which were in the middle level. The total score of occupational fatigue was negatively correlated with the total score of career expectation and work engagement（r=-0.906,-0.877,both P<0.01）. Conclusion The occupational fatigue,occupational expectations and work engagement of rehabilitation therapists in Nanchang City need to be improved,and it is recommended the targeted measures should be taken to reduce the occupational fatigue level of rehabilitation therapists,so as to improve the occupational health level of rehabilitation therapists in multiple ways.

Effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides on intestinal flora and related inflammatory factors in blood of liver fibrosis mice

WANG Yan, REN Hai-xia, GUO Yong-ze, LI Shu-xia, WANG Jian-hua, GUO Xiao-hui

2023, 39(7):  899-903. 

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Objective To analyze the effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides（LBP） on the contents of designated flora in intestinal tract,inflammatory factors in blood and fibrosis related factors in liver tissue of liver fibrosis mice,explore the protective mechanism of LBP on liver fibrosis. Methods 20 mouse models of hepatic fibrosis were established by ligating their common bile duct,and they were equally divided into model group and LBP treatment group. Another 10 healthy mice were selected as the control group. The mice in LBP treatment group were given intragastric administration 5 mL solution with 30 μg/g LBP every day from the third week after operation. The mice in control group and model group were given 5 mL of tridistilled water by gavage at the same time every day. Three groups were treated for two weeks. The qRT-PCR was used to detect the changes of designated flora in intestinal tract. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the contnts of inflammatory factors in blood,including interleukin-1β（IL-1β）,interleukin-6（IL-6）,interleukin-10（IL-10） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）. The Western blot analysis was used to analyze the relative value of fibrosis related factors in liver tissue,including type I collagen,α-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA） and transforming growth factor-β1（TGF-β1）. Results Compare with the control group,different sizes and quantities necrotic areas appeared in the liver of the model group,and the content of connective tissue and the number of bile ducts increased, Escherichia coli（179.27±30.93） and Clostridium perfringens（234.93±40.17） in intestinal contents increased,Bifidobacterium（15.86±4.98） and Lactobacillus（28.12±7.30） decreased（all P<0.01）,the contents of blood inflammatory factor IL-1β[（46.30±4.15）pg/mL],IL-6[（19.18±2.04）pg/mL] and TNF-α[（85.28±7.49）ng/mL] increased,while content of IL-10[（28.68±2.58）ng/mL] decreased（all P<0.01）,the relative value of fibrosis related factors type I collagen（1.209±0.053）,α-SMA（0.416±0.012） and TGF-β1（0.675±0.018） increased（all P<0.05）. Compare with the model group,the area and quantity of intrahepatic necrosis in LBP treatment group decreased,the content of connective tissue and the number of bile ducts decreased,Escherichia coli（121.56±20.25） and Clostridium perfringens（117.83±24.50） in intestinal contents decreased,Bifidobacterium（60.08±13.60） and Lactobacillus（92.50±19.42） increased（all P<0.01）,the contents of blood inflammatory factor IL-1β[（19.33±1.68）pg/mL],IL-6[（11.79±1.70）pg/mL] and TNF-α[（50.24±4.90）ng/mL] decreased,while content of IL-10[（58.61±5.17）ng/mL] increased（all P<0.01）,the relative value of fibrosis related factors type I collagen（0.760±0.020）,α-SMA（0.176±0.008） and TGF-β1（0.420±0.016） decreased（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The lycium barbarum polysaccharides can reduce the degree of liver fibrosis by regulating the designated flora in the intestinal tract and the content of inflammatory factors in the blood of mice.

Determination of four β-receptor agonist residues in cooked meat products by automatic-solid phase extraction combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry

FAN Wen-su, ZHANG Lei, ZHU Ji-kai, WANG Jiao, DU Hua-nan, JIA Shou-shi

2023, 39(7):  904-907. 

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Objective To purify the samples with automatic-solid phase extraction instrument,and develop a method for determination of four β-receptor agonist residues in cooked meat products by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Methods The samples were firstly digested with β-glucosidase/arylsulfatase overnight at 37 ℃,purified with automatic solid phase extraction instrument,derived with Bis（trimethylsilyl） trifluoroacetamide+1% trimethylchlorosilane,separated with TG-5MS capillary gas chromatography column,finally determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry after separation by temperature programmed,and quantified by internal standard method. Results The method has good separation effect under the conditions,the correlation coefficients of the four target compounds were >0.999,the recoveries were 80.12%-90.16%,and the relative standard deviation（RSD） was 1.98%-6.20%（n=6）. Conclusion The method is fast and simple for pretreatment,with high sensitivity and good reproducibility,and is relatively friendly to operators and the environment,which is suitable for the determination of four β-receptor agonist residues in cooked meat products.

Residues of pyrethroid pesticides in local tea from Yunnan Province and health risk assessment

ZHANG Ting, LIU Jian-hui, LI Yan-sheng, ZHU Peng-jing, DUAN Yi-hong

2023, 39(7):  908-913. 

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Objective To analyze residues of pyrethroid pesticides in local tea from Yunnan Province,assess the health risks of pyrethroid pesticides ingested by residents through tea. Methods The contents of 10 pyrethroid pesticides in local tea collected in Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2021 were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and their residues were statistically analyzed. The models proposed by the world health organization（WHO） and the food and agriculture organization of the united nations（FAO） were used to assess the health risks of chronic and acute exposure. The RISK21 tool developed by the Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences of the International Society for Life Sciences was used to graphically display the size of health risks. Results The total detection rate of pyrethroid pesticides in 287 samples was 43.55%,and the exceeding standard rate was 0.70%. The detection rate（37.28%） and average value（0.033 mg/kg） of bifenthrin was the highest. The detection rate of Pu-Er ripe tea was higher,which was 56.01%. There were no statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pyrethroid pesticides among tea of different packages and different years（both P>0.05）. Among five kinds of pyrethroid pesticides detected,the proportion of chronic dietary exposure to acceptable daily intake（ADI） was 0.003%-0.063%,and the proportion of actue dietary exposure to acute reference dose（ARfD） was 0.111%-27.026%. RISK21 health risk ranking chart showed that the dietary exposure risk points are within the exposure limit. Conclusion The content of pyrethroid pesticides of tea in Yunnan Province is generally at a low level,and the results of health risk assessment show that the health risk of pyrethroid pesticides ingested through tea is low,but the detection of banned pesticides and the combined use of pesticides suggest that it is still necessary to strengthen the supervision of the production and use of pyrethroid pesticides in tea.

Analysis on death causes of residents in Fuping County of Weinan City in Shaanxi Province from 2017-2021

HUANG Jin-rui, SHI Li-qi, JU Xiao-mei, SU Mu-lan, YANG Ya-fang, ZHANG Zhuan-hong

2023, 39(7):  914-918. 

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Objective To analyze the cause of death monitoring data among residents in Fuping County of Weinan City in Shaanxi Province from 2017-2021,understand the rank order of causes of death and mortality of various diseases,and provide basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategy. Methods The death data were obtained from the cause of death monitoring data of the annual population death registration management system in Fuping County of Weinan City in Shaanxi Province in 2017-2021. The demographic data were collected from the Fuping County population information management system. The international classification of diseases-10（ICD-10） was used for coding. The mortality rate,standardized mortality,potential years of life lost（PYLL）,potential rate of life lost（PYLLR）,average years of life lost（AYLL）,composition ratio and the order of the causes of death of the surveillance data of the resident population were analyzed by Microsoft Excel and SPSS 25.0. Results From 2017 to 2021,the mortality rates of residents in Fuping County of Weinan City in Shaanxi Province was 583.15/100 000,617.49/100 000,617.64/100 000,661.14/100 000 and 761.77/100 000,respectively. The mortality rate decreased first and then increases with age. The standardized mortality rate of men was higher than that of women. The top three causes of death of residents were circulatory system diseases,malignant tumors,injury and poisoning in descending order. The top three causes of death accounted for 81.95%-85.24% of the total causes of death. The leading cause of death was mainly injury and poisoning in <45 years old group,tumor in 45-<60 years old group,and circulatory diseases in ≥60 years old（senile） group. The top three causes of death of PYLL were tumor,circulatory system disease,injury and poisoning,accounting for 79.68%-83.20% of total causes of death of PYLL. Conclusion The circulatory system diseases,malignant tumors,injury and poisoning are the main causes of death and life loss of residents in Fuping County of Weinan City in Shaanxi Province,and it is necessary to pay special attention and take effective prevention and control measures.

Analysis on sleep quality and influencing factors of naval pilots

LUO Tai-lai, YAO Yong-jie, CHEN Li, DONG Li

2023, 39(7):  919-922. 

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Objective To investigate the sleep quality of naval pilots,analyze its influencing factors,and provide evidence for the development of intervention measures. Methods In December 2021,taking 90 pilots from a certain navy as the research object,the Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI） scale and the self-made sleep-related factor scale were used to investigate the sleep quality and influencing factors,and the data were analyzed. Results The sleep quality score of naval pilots was （5.22±2.66）points,which was higher than the domestic norm[（3.88±2.52）points] and lower than the score of cadets of the military medical university[（6.05±2.65）points]（both P<0.01）. Among the factors,the scores of sleep quality,sleep latency,sleep efficiency,and daytime dysfunction were significantly higher than those in the domestic norms（all P<0.05）,while score of sleep time was significantly lower than that of domestic norm and military medical university cadets（all P<0.05）,and 19.5% of the pilots had poor sleep quality. There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality among pilots with different sleep habit,noise level,eating habit and training satisfaction（all P<0.05）. The environmental factors,interpersonal factors,exercise habit factors,living habit factors,and training factors were related to the sleep quality of naval pilots（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The sleep quality of naval pilots is affected by various factors,such as living conditions,dietary habits and training stress. The aviation doctors should pay more attention to the sleep quality of pilots. On the basis of comprehensive consideration,military management personnel should improve the sleeping environment,adjust the diet structure of pilots,reduce their mental pressure,and improve the sleep quality of pilots.

Effects of health-related behaviors and life events on sub-health of urban residents in Shiyan City

CHENG Hui-lin, YANG Ju-mei, CHEN Ying, KE Li

2023, 39(7):  923-927. 

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Objective To investigate the sub-health status of urban residents in Shiyan City of Hubei Province,analyze the impact of health-related behaviors and life events on sub-health status. Methods In June 2021,a total of 1 150 urban residents in three districts of Shiyan City in Hubei Province were selected by convenience sampling,to carry out a questionnaire investigation by the health related behavior questionnaire,negative life events questionnaire and sub-health measurement scale（SHMS V1.0）,and the data were analyzed. Results The total converted score of SHMS V1.0 among urban residents in three districts of Shiyan City in Hubei Province was （68.13±18.43）points. The total converted score of physical sub-health,psychological sub-health and social sub-health was （68.46±14.05）,（68.31±15.91） and （67.37±16.78）points,respectively. The total detection rate of sub-health was 62.83%. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,per capita monthly income,living conditions,physical exercise,frequency of eating breakfast,nutrition quality,whether to maintain a healthy body mass,daily average sleep time,diagnosed diseases,and negative life events were the main factors affecting sub-health of urban residents. Conclusion The detection rate of sub-health of urban residents in three districts of Shiyan City in Hubei Province is slightly lower than that of other areas,health-related behaviors and life events have an important impact on sub-health.

Status quo of occupational identity of nephrology nurses in Wuzhou area and its correlation with work stress and occupational benefit

SU Wen-qiong, PAN Xi-zhang, CHEN Yan, ZHOU Zhu-li, XU Fang-fang

2023, 39(7):  928-931. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of occupational identity and its influencing factors of nephrology nurses in Wuzhou area,explore the correlation between occupational identity and work pressure,occupational benefit. Methods The questionnaires were distributed to 228 nephrology nurses in six hospitals in Wuzhou area from July to September 2021. And the data were analyzed. The questionnaire included collection of demographic characteristics,scale of occupational identity,scale of work stressors,and scale of occupational benefits. Results The total score of 228 nephrology nurses from six hospitals in Wuzhou area was （100.58±13.66）points,the total score of work stressor was （98.94±14.66）points,and the total score of professional benefit was （126.40±12.78）point. The total score of work stressors and scores of each dimension among nephrology nurses were negatively correlated with professional identity（all P<0.05）. The total score of occupational benefit and scores of each dimension were positively correlated with occupational identity（all P<0.05）. The education level,professional title,hospital level,work stressor,and occupational benefit were the influencing factors of professional identity of nephrology nurses in Wuzhou area（B=0.167,0.375,-0.349,-1.462, 0.337,all P<0.05）. Conclusions The risk factors for professional identity of nephrology nurses in Wuzhou area are low hospital level and high work pressure,while the protective factors were high educational background,high professional title,and strong occupational benefit. The managers can take corresponding measures to improve the professional identity of nephrology nurses according to the above factors.

Study on effect of occupational commitment on occupational benefit and turnover intention of grassroots medical staff in Sichuan Province

WU Ji-jun, HU Lin-juan, RONG Xian, LIU Zhen-fan

2023, 39(7):  932-936. 

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Objective To investigate the status quo of occupational commitment,occupational benefit and occupational stability of medical staff in primary medical institutions in Sichuan Province,analyze the mediating effect of occupational commitment on occupational benefit and turnover intention of medical staff. Methods Using convenience sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 387 medical workers in primary medical institutions in Sichuan Province from October to December 2021 by using general information questionnaire,occupational commitment,occupational benefit and turnover intention scales,and intermediary effect was analyzed by AMOS 24.0. Results The scores of occupational commitment,occupational benefit and turnover intention of 387 medical workers in primary medical institutions were （80.14±11.71）,（132.38±9.65） and （10.54±2.96）points,respectively. The correlation analysis showed that occupational commitment,occupational benefit and turnover intention were negatively correlated（all P<0.05）. The structural equation model analysis showed that occupational commitment and occupational benefit had a direct effect on turnover intention,and occupational commitment had a partial mediating effect on occupational benefit and turnover intention,the mediating effect was -0.227. Conclusions The turnover intention of medical staff in primary medical institutions in Sichuan Province is at a medium level,and occupational commitment plays a partial mediating role in the influence of occupational benefit on turnover intention. Improving the level of occupational commitment of medical staff helps to improve their occupational benefit and occupational stability.

Analysis on current status and influencing factors of career adaptability among junior nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Luzhou City

SHE Cheng-hong, YONG Jing-jing, PENG Yan-xia, WANG Yu, GAO Yun-fei, JU Mei

2023, 39(7):  937-940. 

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Objective To learn the status quo and influencing factors of career adaptability among junior nurses,provide a reference for improving the career adaptability of junior nurses. Methods A convenient sampling was used to select 219 junior nurses from a grade-A tertiary hospital of Luzhou City as the survey subjects from December 2021 to January 2022. The general information questionnaire,nurses' psychological capital questionnaire（PCQ）,workplace social capital scale（WSCS）,perceived social support scale（PSSS） and nurses' workplace adaptability scale（NWAS） were used to investigate the respondents,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of career adaptability among junior nurses was （64.70±12.21）points,and the average score of each item was （3.81±0.72）points. The single factor analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences in score of career adaptability among junior nurses with different age,marital status,technical title,nursing age,love of nursing work,satisfaction of salary and satisfaction of current life（all P<0.05）. The psychological capital,social capital and understanding social support of junior nurses were positive correlated with total score of career adaptability and scores of dimensions（all P<0.05）. The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed that age,psychological capital,social capital and perceived social support were the influencing factors of career adaptability（all P<0.05）,which accounted for 76.0% of the total variations. Conclusion The career adaptability of junior nurses is at medium level,demonstrating that in the future,nursing managers can improve the career adaptability of junior nurses by enhancing their psychological capital,social capital and social support to ensure the stable development of the nursing team.

Effects of occupational sadness and emotional labor of hospice nurses on quality of humanistic care

ZHANG Li-hui, LI Meng, WU Yu-jie

2023, 39(7):  941-944. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of humanistic care quality of hospice nurses in Qingdao City,analyze the influence of occupational sadness and emotional labor on nurses' humanistic care quality,and provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of hospice care. Methods From March to June 2021,230 hospice nurses were conveniently selected from three general hospitals in Qingdao and Qingdao Cancer Hospital as research subjects,and were investigated by the general information questionnaire,humanistic care quality questionnaire,sadness experience scale and emotional labor questionnaire. Results The humanistic care quality score of 230 hospice nurses was （105.66±13.58）score,the score of professional sadness was（37.49±3.83）score,and the score of emotional labor was （56.19±5.39）score. The total score of nurses' humanistic care quality was negatively correlated with total score of professional sadness and scores of each dimension（all P<0.01）,positively correlated with the total score of emotional labor and scores of deep acting and emotional expression dimensions（r=0.252,0.519,0.606,all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with the surface acting dimension（r=-0.433,P<0.01）. The professional title,occupational sadness and emotional labor were the influencing factors of humanistic care quality of hospice nurses（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The humanistic care quality of hospice nurses is at the upper middle level,and strengthening the attention of nurses with low professional titles,reducing nurses' professional sadness and strengthening emotional labor education can improve the humanistic care quality of hospice nurses to a certain extent.

Investigation on the levels of particulate matters and its influencing factors of rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County of Lanzhou City

LI Sheng, WANG Jin-yu, WANG Xian-liang, WANG Bing-jie, ZHENG Yan-ni

2023, 39(7):  945-949. 

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Objective To understand the levels of particulate matters and its influencing factors of rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County,provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of indoor particulate pollution in this area. Methods In October（autumn） and December（winter） of 2019,20 rural households were selected by cluster sampling as objects in a village of Yuzhong County. The housing characteristics were investigated by questionnaire. The concentrations of particulate matter with particle size below 2.5 microns（PM_2.5） and particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns（PM₁₀）,as well as temperature and relative humidity in bedroom and living room of every household were measured,and the data were analyzed. Results The exceeding standard rate of indoor PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in 20 households was 78.26% and 26.09% respectively. The exceeding standard rates of indoor PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in winter（100.00%,43.48%） were higher than those in autumn（58.33%,8.33%）（χ²=9.39,8.20,both P<0.05）. The main fuel types of cooking had an effect on PM_2.5 concentration（χ²=7.83,P<0.05）,while indoor plant had an effect on PM₁₀（χ²=4.80,P<0.05）. The winter was the risk factor of exceeded PM_2.5 concentration in rural residential indoor environment（OR=9.242,95%CI：1.729-49.412）. The winter（OR=15.138,95%CI：2.268-101.045） and no plants in the house（OR=8.722,95%CI：1.490-51.067） were the risk factors of exceeded PM₁₀ concentration. Conclusion There is particulate matter pollution of the rural residential indoor environment in Yuzhong County,the main problem is serious PM_2.5 pollution,and winter and no plants in the house have impact on particle concentration.

Impact of childhood trauma on internalizing problems among higher vocational nursing students and chain mediation effect of alexithymia and bullying victimization

ZHANG Jia-yue, GUO Fei, CHEN Zhi-yan, ZAN Jie-bing

2023, 39(7):  950-955. 

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Objective To explore the effects of childhood trauma,alexithymia and bullying victimization on internalizing problems among higher vocational nursing students and the underlying mechanism. Methods From May to June in 2021,an online questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 455 female students from the nursing department of a vocational college in Beijing,using scales including Delaware bullying victimization scale-student（DBVS-S）,childhood trauma questionnaires-short form（CTQ-SF）,20-item toronto alexithymia scale（TAS-20）,center for epidemiologic studies depression scale（CES-D） and generalized anxiety disorder scale-7（GAD-7）,to analyze the mediating roles of alexithymia and bullying victimization that played in the relationship between childhood traumatic experience and internalization problems. Results The scores of childhood trauma among 1 455 nursing students in higher vocational college in Beijing was （20.40±6.87）points,the score of alexithymia was （28.27±9.83）points,the score of bullying victimization was （18.40±5.44）points,and the score of internalization problems of depression and anxiety was （5.15±5.53） and （2.90±4.15）points respectively. The detection rate of depression tendency was 15.26%,and the detection rate of high risk of depression was 5.15%. The detection rates of mild,moderate and severe anxiety were 20.62%,3.78% and 2.75%,respectively. Three dimensions of childhood trauma,two dimensions of alexithymia and four dimensions of bullying victim were positively correlated with the two indicators of internalization problems（r=0.044-0.821,all P<0.05）. The childhood trauma experience not only had the direct effect on the internalization problems of nursing students in higher vocational colleges,but also exerted the indirect effect through three paths,inducing the mediating roles that alexithymia and bullying victimization played,respectively,and the chain mediating effects that was formed by alexithymia and bullying victimization. The total mediating effect was 0.276,95%CI was 0.238-0.315. Conclusion The childhood trauma experience is one of important predictors for internalization problems in nursing students,and alexithymia and bullying victims exert the multiple mediating effects in the relationship between childhood trauma experience and internalization problems.

Study on influencing factors of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2021

LIU Xian-feng, CHEN Hui, ZHANG Hong-wei

2023, 39(7):  956-960. 

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Objective To understand the present situation and related influencing factors of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,provide basis for relevant departments to carry out targeted intervention measures. Methods In September 2021,the stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct visual examination and questionnaire survey among 39 416 primary and secondary school students from 166 schools in 14 divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The data analysis was performed by χ² test and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 39 416 primary and secondary school students were investigated in 2021,and the detection rate of poor vision was 62.38%. The detection rate of poor vision in female students（67.25%） was higher than that in male students（57.52%）,and the detection rate of poor vision in urban students（67.42%） was higher than that in suburban students（55.53%）,the differences were statistically significant（χ²_sex= 397.183, χ²_region= 579.969,both P<0.05）. The detection rate of poor eyesight increased with the increase of school stage（χ²_trend=1 577.837,P<0.05）. The multiariable logistic regression analysis results showed that the girl,junior high school and above,do homework more than three hours after school,the distance between the chest and the table edge is more than one fist when reading and writing,reading books or electronic screens lying or lying prone sleep duration less than eight hours,continuous near work for more than one hour,and parents are myopia were the risk factors for primary and middle school students happen poor vision（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The situation of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is serious,and it is necessary to actively take effective preventive measures to create a healthy and good eye environment for students by the joint efforts of family,school and society,and protect the healthy development of students' eyesight.

Moderating effect of social support on relationship between negative emotion and general well-being of medical students in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

YANG Jian-zhen, HA Li-na

2023, 39(7):  961-964. 

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Objective To understand the status of negative emotion and general well-being of medical students in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,analyze the moderating effect of social support in the relationship between them. Methods From September to October of 2020,1 512 medical students in a medical college in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were collected by the stratified random sampling,and investigated by the general well-being scale,the social support rating scale and the positive and negative emotion scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of general well-being of 1 512 medical students in a medical college in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was（85.08±10.83）points,which was above the middle level. There were significant correlations among general well-being,social support and negative emotions of medical students（all P<0.01）. The results of moderating effect analysis showed that negative emotions could negatively predict the general well-being of medical students（β=-1.02,P<0.01）,in which social support played a moderating role（β=-0.01,P<0.05）. Conclusion The social support plays a moderating role in the relationship between negative emotion and general well-being of medical students in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and the impact of negative emotion on general well-being decreases with the increase of social support level.

Mediating effect of resilience between personality traits and active procrastination among nursing undergraduates

FANG Xiao-hong, ZHENG Li-wei, RAO Yu-lian, ZOU Lian-yu, LIN Chun-xia, WANG Yong-jie

2023, 39(7):  965-969. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between personality traits,active procrastination,and resilience of nursing undergraduates,analyze the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between personality traits and active procrastination. Methods From January to April 2022,496 four-year nursing undergraduates from a medical college in Fujian Province were selected and investigated by general information questionnaire,active procrastination scale,Eysenck personality short form scale （Chinese version）,and psychological resilience scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of active procrastination of 496 four-year nursing undergraduates in a medical college in Fujian Province was （62.35±8.10）points,the total score of resilience was （57.74±9.80）points,and the scores of each factor of personality characteristics were：psychoticism（2.64±1.76）points,extraversion （7.56±2.05）points,neuroticism（4.99±2.45）points,lying（3.61±1.95）points. There were statistically significant differences in the score of active procrastination among nursing undergraduates of different gender,grade and usual learning place（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of resilience among nursing undergraduates of different grade and learning time after class every day（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of extraversion and neuroticism among nursing undergraduates of different grade（all P<0.05）. The total score of active procrastination was positively correlated with the total score of resilience and extraversion（r=0.414,0.408,both P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with the score of neuroticism（r=-0.419,P<0.01）. The total score of resilience was positively correlated with the score of extraversion （r=0.296,P<0.01） and negatively correlated with the score of neuroticism（r=-0.326,P<0.01）. The resilience played a partial mediating role between extraversion and active procrastination,neuroticism and active procrastination,with the mediating effect value of 0.375 and -0.334 respectively,accounting for 23.31% and 24.13% of total effect respectively. Conclusion The personality of extraversion and neuroticism can directly predict the active procrastination behavior of nursing undergraduates,and can also indirectly affect active procrastination through resilience.

Systematic analysis of risk factors of poisoning,oxygen deficiency or asphyxia in confined spaces

GONG Quan-quan, XIE Lian-ke, DOU Dan-dan, WANG Kun, ZHANG Guo-ying

2023, 39(7):  970-976. 

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Objective To systematically review the risk factors of poisoning,oxygen deficiency or asphyxia during operation in confined spaces. Methods With the keywords of "confined space","poisoning"," oxygen deficiency" and "asphyxia",the databases of Sinomed,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Pubmed,Embase and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for the literatures about risk factors of poisoning,oxygen deficiency or asphyxia in confined spaces from inception to March 1st,2021,with all types of research design. The limited space characteristics and accident risk factors reported in the qualified documents were extracted and analyzed. Results A total of 164 case reports were included,which reported 156 poisoning accidents involving 722 workers and 97 oxygen deficiency or asphyxia accidents involving 327 workers. The pool,tank,well and pipeline were the most common confined spaces where accidents happened. The hydrogen sulfide,nitrogen,carbon monoxide were the most common substances that cause poisoning,hypoxia or suffocation. A total of 36 risk factors have been sorted out,which can be divided into four types of factors related to management,equipment and facilities,personnel and environment. The most common risk factors were "no personal respiratory protection","insufficient safety awareness of workers","no ventilation or incomplete ventilation before working","no gas detection before working". Conclusion The risk factors of poisoning,hypoxia or asphyxia exists through all periods of working in confined spaces,and the common risk factors could be avoided by sufficient training,education,standardized management and other measures.

Status and related psychological factors of alexithymia in clinical nurses in China：A meta-analysis

ZHENG Xu-tong, ZHANG Man, YE Xin-xin, ZHU Xing-chen, CHEN Xiao-feng, ZHAN Chen-ju

2023, 39(7):  977-983. 

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Objective To analyze the level and related psychological factors of alexithymia in clinical nurses in China. Methods The CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Chinese Biomedical Journal Database,Pubmed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,APA PsycINFO,JBI evidence-based database,Proquest database,and CINAHL database were retrieved. The retrieval time was limited from the inception to March 11,2022. The relevant literature on the status of alexithymia and related psychological factors of nurses in China were searched. The studies were screened according to the pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the extracted data were imported into Stata 16.0 for analysis. Results 19 studies were included finally,including 18 Chinese studies and 1 English study,and a total of 8 330 nurses in China were investigated. The score on the alexithymia scale of nurses in China was 54.78（95%CI：52.86-56.70）. The subgroup analysis showed the level of alexithymia of nurses in China was affected by age,children,department, education level,region,income,marital status,professional title and working hours,and has little relationship with employment form and research time. The alexithymia of nurses was positively correlated with depression,stress,and job burnout（summary r=0.67, 0.40,0.54,95%CI：0.56-0.81,0.31-0.51,0.48-0.63）,negatively correlated with social support level（summary r=-0.33,95%CI： -0.50--0.18）. Conclusion The nurses are at a high alexithymia level in China,the majority of nurses are in a critical state of alexithymia,and low seniority,having no offspring,divorce,low education level,low income and working in intensive care unit may be risk factors for nurses' alexithymia,the social support can reduce alexithymia level,while job burnout,stress and depression accentuate the level of alexithymia,so targeted intervention can be carried out according to the above factors.

A meta-analysis on incidence of traffic injuries among children aged 3-6 years old in China from 2011-2021

YAO Yi-ying, LU Hao-ya, LUO Zhen, QUAN Xiao-wen, FANG Xian

2023, 39(7):  984-988. 

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Objective To understand the incidence of traffic injuries among children aged 3-6 years old in China from 2011 to 2021,provide basis and suggestions for reducing the occurrence of traffic injuries among children. Methods The Chinese and English electronic databases were searched systematically,literatures were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria in Endnote,and the quality of the 23 included literatures was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria proposed by LONEY,and meta-analysis was performed using State software. Results 23 literatures included 79 420 subjects,and the combined rate of traffic injuries in children aged 3-6 was 3.39%（95%CI：2.83%-3.95%）. The incidence of children's traffic injuries in 2004 edition,1996 edition and other editions was 2.24%,2.55% and 1.50%,respectively,and there was no statistically significant difference（P>0.05）. The incidence of traffic injuries among children in eastern,central and western regions was 2.88%,3.70% and 3.06%,respectively,and there was no statistically significant difference（P>0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in incidence of traffic injuries among different vehicle types（P<0.05）,and the traffic injury rate of children with motor vehicles（2.34%） was higher than that with non-motor vehicles（0.97%）. Conclusions From 2011 to 2021,the incidence of traffic injuries among children aged 3-6 in China shows a decreasing trend. It is necessary to strengthen personnel support and training for injury prevention and control in the central and western regions,improve the road traffic facilities in the central and western regions,strengthen the control of motor vehicles in each region to reduce the traffic injury rate of children.

Meta analysis of relationship between physical activity intensity and cardiovascular metabolic risk in adolescents

REN Gao-yue, WANG Wei-liang, LI Yu-xin, REN Kai, ZHANG Hui

2023, 39(7):  989-993. 

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Objective To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between physical activity intensity and cardiovascular metabolic risk in adolescents,so as to provide scientific basis for decrease of cardiovascular metabolic risk. Methods The pubmed,embase,the cochrane library,web of science,CNKI,WanFang,VIP and sinomed databases were searched by computer to retrieve the relevant literature from the establishment of the database to June 23,2021,to collect studies on the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular metabolic risk in adolescents. Two evaluators independently selected articles and extracted information,and assessed literature quality according to the standard recommended by the Agency for Healthcare-Research and Quality（AHRQ）. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata14.0 were used for meta analysis. Results A total of eight cross-sectional studies were included with a sample size of 13 148 cases. Meta analysis showed that compared with adolescents with high-intensity physical activity,adolescents with low-intensity physical activity had an increased risk of cardiovascular metabolism by 42%（OR=1.42,95%CI：1.25-1.61）,and adolescents with moderate-intensity physical activity had an increased risk of cardiovascular metabolism by 23%（OR=1.23,95%CI：1.07-1.41）. Conclusions Compared with high-intensity physical activity,low-intensity and moderate-intensity physical activity are risk factors of cardiovascular metabolism,however,with the increase of physical activity intensity in adolescents,the risk of cardiovascular metabolism tends to decrease. The physical activity is a behavior habit that can be changed,so it has important public health significance to reduce the risk of cardiovascular metabolism by intervening the physical activity.

Visual analysis of psychological research of Chinese military pilots based on CiteSpace software

LI Cong-chong, MA Juan, TIAN Wen-qing, WANG Chao-xian, HE Yang, WU Sheng-jun

2023, 39(7):  994-999. 

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Objective To understand the current situation of psychological research of domestic military pilots,briefly describe the research situation of military pilots in China in the past 30 years based on the knowledge map drawn by CiteSpace,and identify research hotspots and evolution trends in this field. Methods Taking the literature related to the psychological research of military pilots in China in the past 30 years included by CNKI as the source of information,CiteSpace software was used to draw and interpret the map and conduct visual analysis. Results A total of 190 articles were included in this study,and the number of literature showed an overall growth trend,but the total number was small. The main research institutions were the Air Force Aviation Medical Research Institute,the Air Force Dalian Aviation Medical Identification and Training Center,the Air Force Hangzhou Aviation Medical Identification and Training Center. The main authors were SONG Hua-miao,WANG Yu-hui,MIAO Dan-min and others. The keywords got 11 clusters,involving shipboard aviation medicine,pilots,epidemiology,and aviation medical training. The relevant research hotspots and cutting-edge words were "validity","psychological nursing","psychological training","military stress" and "competence characteristics". Conclusions The psychological research of military pilots in China is increasingly concerned,and the diversified scientific research cooperation and exchange should be strengthened across authors and institutions. The current research hotspots,such as military stress and its prevention,competency characteristics,assessment tools of mental health status and maintenance of mental health,may become the development trend of future research.

Overview

Research progress on job crafting of nurses

LI Yu-pei, QIAO Jian-hong, MA Shuai, WEN Hui

2023, 39(7):  1000-1004. 

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The job crafting refers to the behavior and cognitive changes made by individuals to tasks or interpersonal relationships,which makes organizational goals more consistent with individual needs and skills and has an important impact on nurses' personal,professional development and organizational performance. Therefore,individual and team job crafting of nurses deserve attention. Through cooperation,nurses can expand their work tasks,promote the exchange of knowledge and information,enrich the content of responsibilities,and accelerate the realization of organizational goals. Through personal or team job crafting,nurses can not only improve interpersonal relationships,recognize the significance of positive work,reduce the occurrence of adverse events,but also enhance their work engagement and happiness,reduce job burnout and turnover intention,and ensure the quality of nursing. The paper summarizes the research progress of nurses' individual and team job crafting,focusing on its concepts,assessment tools and influencing factors,and introduces the strategies to improve job crafting,such as concept change,education in character strengths and organizational support,so as to provide reference for enhancing nurses' job crafting ability.

Research progress on relationship between frailty and social isolation in the elderly

ZHANG Qi, LIU Yan-li, YAN Xing-yu, ZHOU Li-jun, WEI Qi-fei, TANG Jun-jie

2023, 39(7):  1005-1008. 

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The social isolation has gradually become a common phenomenon in the frailty elderly. Social factors are very important to the physical and mental health of the frailty elderly. A good social state can not only improve the frailty of the elderly,but also promote active aging. Therefore,we review the research progress of social isolation and frailty in the elderly,so as to arouse people's attention to social isolation and frailty in old age,in order to provide reference for domestic and foreign scholars to formulate intervention measures.