Table of Content

01 December 2024, Volume 40 Issue 23

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Treatise

Study on influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in neck and lower back among shipbuilding workers

HE Yinan, PENG Zhiheng, CHEN Xifeng, WANG Zhongxu, JIA Ning, WANG Zhi

2024, 40(23):  3169-3174. 

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Objective To investigate the related influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） in neck and lower back among shipbuilding workers. Methods From March to December 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 2 032 shipbuilding workers from Guangdong Province and Liaoning Province as the survey subjects. The "Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire" was used to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs in their neck and lower back,and the data were analyzed. Results The prevalence of neck and lower back WMSDs among 2 032 shipbuilding worker were 21.5% and 16.9%,respectively. Workers who frequently worked for colleagues,often/frequently worked in uncomfortable postures and poor neck postures had a higher risk of developing neck WMSDs compared to those who did not frequently work for colleagues,rarely/sometimes worked in uncomfortable postures and poor neck postures（all P<0.05）.The risk of lower back WMSDs was higher in workers with a length of service more than 10 years compared with workers with less than 5 years of service,and the longer the work experience,the higher the risk of developing lower back WMSDs（P<0.05）. Workers with abnormal body mass index（BMI） index,lack of physical exercise,frequent overtime,need for upper limb or hand exertion,frequent/frequent use of uncomfortable postures,and poor working posture in the lower back had a higher risk of developing lower back WMSDs（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The neck and lower back WMSDs of shipbuilding workers may be influenced by occupational factors and individual factors.Improving poor ergonomic posture,reasonable scheduling and appropriate physical exercise can reduce the risk of WMSDs.

Analysis of the main parameters of blood cell counts of 5 870 cases of radiation workers in Guizhou Province in 2023

CHEN Youhong, LI Zuoxiang, LI Ling, LI Yi, HOU Teng

2024, 40(23):  3175-3178. 

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Objective To investigate the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on the main blood count parameters of radiation workers,and provide reference basis for health monitoring and risk assessment of radiation workers. Methods The results of blood cell counts of 5 870 radiation workers who underwent occupational health examination in Guizhou Province in 2023 were statistically analyzed according to different ages,different years of exposure to hazards,and different types of work. Results The platelet count（PLT） of the exposed group[（240.06±59.09）×10⁹/L] was significantly higher than that of the control group[（236.36±58.01）×10⁹/L],with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The mean platelet volume（MPV） in the exposed group was（11.04±1.48）fl,compared to （10.88±1.42）fl in the control group,with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The platelet crit（PCT） in the exposed group was （0.26±0.05）%,versus （0.25±0.05）% in the control group,showing a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The platelet distribution width（PDW） in the exposed group was （15.35±2.19）fl,while it was （15.20±2.35）fl in the control group,with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The platelet large cell ratio（P-LCR） in the exposed group was （33.21±9.99）%,compared to （32.06±9.63）% in the control group,also showing a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. The red blood cell count（RBC） of males in the exposed group was （5.40±0.45）×10¹²/L,while in the exposed group it was （5.34±0.48）×10¹²/L,with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. However,there were no statistically significant differences in white blood cell count（WBC）,hemoglobin（HB）,and female RBC count between the two groups（all P>0.05）. As the length of service increased,WBC count,MPV,and P-LCR showed an upward trend. Compared with the pre-post group,there were statistically significant differences between the 0-<10,10-<20,and ≥30 year groups（all P<0.05）. PCT,PLT counts,and RBC counts decreased progressively with increasing years of service,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Analysis among different types of work revealed that WBC count,PLT,MPV,PCT,PDW,and P-LCR were decreased in the radiation therapy group,interventional radiology group,and dental radiology group compared with the diagnostic radiology group（all P<0.05）. Compared with the radiation therapy group,PLT,MPV,P-LCR,and male RBC counts were all reduced in the interventional radiology group and the dental radiology group,MPV and P-LCR were reduced in the nuclear medicine group（all P<0.05）. Compared with the interventional radiology group,the dental radiology group showed a statistically significant decrease in male RBC counts（P<0.05）. Conclusion Prolonged exposure to low doses of radiation causes changes in blood cell counts WBC, MPV,PCT,PDW,P-LCR,RBC. When conducting health monitoring for radiation workers,attention should be paid to changes in such indicators to further improve their occupational health.

Application of two risk assessment models in chemical toxicant risk assessment

WANG Yan, GU Yue, QI Yingying, CHEN Xiaomin, HONG Jiabin, HE Jintong

2024, 40(23):  3179-3183. 

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Objective To explore the differences and applicability of different risk assessment models in the risk assessment of key occupational hazard factors. Methods The Unite States Environmental Protection Agency's non-carcinogenic risk assessment model（EPA model） and Singapore's semi-quantitative risk assessment model for occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals（Singapore model） were used to assess the occupational health risk of eight major occupational hazards in workplace in Zhuhai City. The characteristics of various risk assessment models were judged according to the results and consistency test. Results A total of 2 074 samples of eight key occupational hazard factors were detected,of which 15 samples exceeded the standard. The qualitative results of the two models were basically consistent in six major occupational hazard factors,while they were different in xylene and trichloroethylen. The samples judged as unacceptable risk by the EPA model reached 165（7.96%） compared to 5（0.24%） by the Singapore model. The Fisher's exact probability method showed result of P<0.05 for testing the consistency of qualitative conclusions between the two models,and the result of Kappa analysis was K=0.54（P<0.05）. Conclusions The risk assessment results of eight major occupational hazard factors were different between EPA model and Singapore model. The Singapore model is more conservative,while the EPA model is more likely to draw an unacceptable conclusion. In practical application,the occupational health risk assessment model should be selected scientifically according to the characteristics of occupational exposure.

Study on bacteriostasis of quercetin from the extract of osmanthus fragrans leaves on Pg and Fn in vitro

MAO Zhicheng, ZHANG Sheng, LI Jing, LI Yanan, HOU Shaohua, ZHANG Li

2024, 40(23):  3184-3187. 

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Objective To explore the antibacterial activity of quercetin from the extract of osmanthus fragrans leaves on porphyromonas gingivalis（Pg） and fusobacterium nucleatum（Fn） in vitro,in order to provide effective target compounds for the development of drugs for periodontal related diseases. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration（MBC） of quercetin to Pg and Fn were determined by broth microdilution assay. The effects of quercetin on the formation and metabolic activity of Pg and Fn biofilm were detected by crystal violet staining solution（CVSS） and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium（MTT）. Results The MIC and MBC of quercetin to Pg and Fn were 0.06 and 0.03 mg/mL,respectively,and 0.24 and 0.12 mg/mL,respectively. The formation and metabolic activity of Pg and Fn biofilm were inhibited by quercetin of 0.03 mg/mL.Quercetin of 0.24 mg/mL inhibited Pg and Fn biofilm formation and metabolic activity by 85%. Conclusion Quercetin has a strong inhibitory effect on the in vitro growth of common periodontal pathogens Pg and Fn,and is expected to become a safe and effective new periodontal antibacterial drug.

Effects of toluene on the protein expression profiles of rat cochlear outer hair cells

ZHANG Lan, LIAO Hui, LI Zongnan, YUAN Jianhui

2024, 40(23):  3188-3193. 

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Objective To filter the differentially expressed proteins（DEPs） in outer hair cells（OHCs） of rat cochlear after toluene exposure,and analyze the functions and interactions of DEPs. Methods Rat cochlear OHCs were cultured in the 1640 basal medium containing toluene at different doses（concentrations：0,5,10,20,40,50,60,80,and 100 mmol/L）. Cell activity was detected by CCK-8,and the changes of protein expression profile of rat cochlear OHCs in the exposed group and the control group were detected by Q Extractive mass spectrometry. DEPs were analyzed by Perseus software and their biological functions were analyzed by Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment. The expression of hub proteins was detected by Western Blot（WB）. Results A total of 233 DEPs were screened,including 157 up-regulated proteins and 76 down-regulated proteins. GO analysis results showed that the functions of DEPs were mainly involved in glycolytic,gluconeogenesis and glycoprotein binding processes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEPs were mainly related to dysregulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and extracellular exosome pathways. Three key proteins,namely triosephosphate isomerase 1（TPI1）,phosphoglycerate kinase 1（PGK1） and fructose-bisphosphate Aldolase A（ALDOA）,were identified through protein-protein interaction（PPI） analysis and screening of proteins involved in the dysregulated pathway of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. WB results showed that TPI1,PGK1 and ALDOA protein expression levels in rat cochlear OHCs were decreased after toluene exposure. Conclusion Exposure to toluene may cause dysregulation of glucose metabolism pathways and lead to cochlear cell damage in rats by inhibiting the expression of TPI1,PGK1,and ALDOA proteins.

Determination of four Alternaria toxin in wheat flour by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

XIAO Xiao, WANG Qingguo, HE Chuanchuan, Zulihumaer Aihaiti, TIAN Jialei, LI Fang

2024, 40(23):  3194-3199. 

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Objective To establish a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of four types of Alternaria toxins in wheat flour. Methods The samples were extracted with acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate（50/50）,purified by HLB solid-phase extraction column,and eluted in gradient procedure using methanol-1 mmol/L ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution as the mobile phase,separated by HSS T₃ chromatography column,detected by three quadrupole mass spectrometry,and quantified by internal standard method. Results The regression equation of the four types of Alternaria toxins showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.2-50 ng/mL,with a correlation coefficient r>0.998. The recoveries ranged from 76.2% to 110.6%,the relative standard deviation（RSD） was 4.04%-8.74%,the detection limit was 0.02-0.75 μg/kg,and the quantification limit was 0.06-2.50 μg/kg. Conclusion This method has high sensitivity,good accuracy,detection limit,recovery and precision that meet the requirements of methodology. It is suitable for the determination of four types of Alternaria toxins in wheat flour.

Characteristics of drug resistance gene mutations in 156 clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis from Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control

WANG Xiuyue, WANG Zhirui, MU Cheng, WANG Chunhua

2024, 40(23):  3200-3204. 

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Objective To analyze the characteristics of resistance mutations in genes rpoB for rifampin（RFP）,katG,inh A and aphC for isoniazid（INH） in clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex（MTBC）,and provide theoretical basis for formulating precise treatment plans for drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Methods From October 2021 to January 2024,712 MTBC isolates from tuberculosis patients in Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control were collected,and the drug-resistant mutations were detected by fluorescence PCR melting curve method. Results Among 712 strains of MTBC,a total of 156 strains with drug-resistant gene mutations were detected. Among them,88 strains had mutations in the rpoB gene,86 strains had mutations in the katG315 gene site,40 strains had mutations in the inhA gene,and 9 strains had mutations in the aphC gene. Among the strains with mutations resistant to PFP molecules,a total of 9 mutation types were detected,mainly characterized by single point mutations,accounting for 93.18%. Among them,rpoB529-533 was the most important mutation site,accounting for 59.09%. Among the strains with mutations resistant to INH molecules,a total of 8 mutation types were detected,mainly characterized by single point mutations,accounting for 96.24%. Among them,the most important mutation was katG315,accounting for 62.41%. Conclusion MTBC has a diversity of mutation types related to RIF and INH resistance,with a predominance of single point mutations,mainly in the rpoB and katG315 gene mutation sites. Deep analysis of the mutation characteristics of MTBC resistance-related genes lays a foundation for further understanding the production mechanism of drug resistance,and also provides an important reference for subsequent drug resistance prevention,control,and treatment.

Survey on dietary habits of employees in Chengdu labor-intensive Industrial Park in 2022

XU Bin, REN Lei

2024, 40(23):  3205-3209. 

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Objective To understand the current dietary habits of employees in labor-intensive industrial parks in Chengdu and analyze the influencing factors. Methods In August 2022,a large labor-intensive industrial park in Chengdu was randomly selected,and 6 residential areas were randomly selected from the collective dormitories in the industrial park. In each residential areas,employees living in a whole building were randomly selected as survey objects. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 2 558 employees to collect demographic information,dietary habits and other information. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of dietary habits. Results Only 451（17.6%） employees had good dietary habits, and only 746（29.2%） employees had adequate nutrition knowledge. The proportion of people who consumed enough liquid milk and fruits was lower（2.7% and 33.1%）,and the proportion of people who exercised less and ate out too often was higher（92.7% and 59.3%）. Logistic regression analysis showed that employees >35 years old（OR=1.281,95%CI：1.002-1.637）,with higher levels of education（OR₁=1.470,95%CI：1.158-1.867;OR₂=2.099,95%CI：1.493-2.946）,higher satisfaction with their living environment（OR=2.339,95%CI：1.871-2.924）,sufficient knowledge of nutrition（OR=2.903,95%CI：2.306-3.654） had better dietary habits（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The dietary habits of employees in labor-intensive industrial parks in Chengdu are not ideal,and further targeted measures are needed to improve their living environment and strengthen education ad promotion of reasonable dietary health.

Impact of second victim experience and support on professional self-concept of emergency department nurses

LU Jing, FENG Shuihua, NIE Tingyao, ZHOU Li, ZHANG Shang, ZHANG Yan

2024, 40(23):  3210-3214. 

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Objective To investigate the impact of second victim experiences and support on professional self-concept among emergency department nurses after experiencing patient safety incidents incidents. Methods From November to December 2023,300 emergency department nurses from six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province who had experienced patient safety incidents were investigated with the general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the second victim experience and support scale,and the professional self-concept scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The second victim experience and support score for emergency department nurses was （70.01±9.72）points,and the professional self-concept score was （86.81±13.35）points. There was a negative correlation between the total score of second victim experience and support and the total score of professional self-concept among emergency department nurses in Hunan Province（r=-0.149--0.370,all P<0.01）. The factors that affected the professional self-concept of emergency department nurses were whether enjoy nursing and health status,which together explain 3.3% of the variance. Conclusion The psychological pain of the second victim and professional self-concept of emergency department nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province are at a moderate level,and the support received is average. Hospital managers should pay attention to the painful experience of emergency department nurses as the second victim,provide targeted support based on different influencing factors,and better guide their career planning and development.

Analysis of body composition characteristics and body mass index status of 504 Air Force aircrews in a certain Air Force Aviation Corps

GAO Ruyang, ZHAO Guangzheng, ZHOU Hailiang, FAN Xiaoli, WANG Yawen, GUO Hua

2024, 40(23):  3215-3218. 

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Objective To investigate and analyze the characteristics of human body components and body mass index（BMI） status of Air Force aircrews in a certain Air Force Aviation Corps,so as to provide scientific basis for the health of aircrews. Methods From April to October 2023,504 Air Force aircrews were tested for body composition,and the test data were analyzed according to different age groups and aircraft types. Results The differences in weight,body fat mass,BMI and body fat percentage among aircrews of different age groups were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Among the 504 aircrews,1.19% were underweight,73.61% were normal,18.85% were overweight,and 6.35% were obese. The difference in BMI distribution between different age groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）,but the difference in BMI distribution between different aircraft groups was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Conclusion Problems such as BMI emaciation,overweight and obesity of aircrews need to be solved urgently. Aircrews should be provided with hygiene education and guidance on diet and exercise to urge them to perform personal health maintenance.

Analysis of influenza vaccination rate and safety of children aged 6 months to 5 years in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2019 to 2023

SUN Likun, SHI Manli, SUN Lei, LI Yanhui

2024, 40(23):  3219-3222. 

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Objective To analyze the situation of influenza vaccination and adverse event following immunization（AEFI） in children aged 6 months to 5 years old in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2019 to 2023,in order to provide better reference for the prevention and control of influenza epidemics in children and the vaccination of influenza vaccines. Methods The influenza vaccination data of children aged 6 months to 5 years in Shijingshan District of Beijing from September 2019 to March 2023 were collected and analyzed through Beijing Immunization Planning Information Management System and the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 7 566 children aged 6 months to 5 years old in Shijingshan District of Beijing were vaccinated with influenza vaccine,with 10 347 doses administered. The average annual vaccination rate was 7.06%,and the vaccination rate ranged from 2.00% to 9.90% in each year over the four-year period. The difference in vaccination rate between different years was statistically significant（P<0.05）,and the vaccination rate showed a trend of increasing year by year（χ²_trend=1 472.596,P<0.05）. The vaccination ratio of male to female students was 1.06 ∶ 1,and there was a statistically significant difference in the vaccination rate between males and females（P<0.05）. The vaccination rates of different age groups showed an increasing trend year by year（χ²_trend=3 336.878,P<0.05）,and there were statistically significant differences in vaccination rates among different age groups in different years（P<0.05）. The vaccination rates for children aged 6 months to 5 years in the eastern, central,and western regions were 8.97%,8.06%,and 3.22%,respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in vaccination rates among the three regions（P<0.05）,and the vaccination rates showed a gradually increasing trend from west to east（χ²_trend=664.323,P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in vaccination rates among different regions in different years（all P<0.05）. Five cases（2.87%） of influenza vaccine AEFI were reported in children aged 6 months to 5 years,with a reported incidence rate of 48.32/100 000 doses. Conclusion The vaccination rate of influenza vaccine in 6 month to 5 year old children group in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2019 to 2023 is relatively low,and AEFI reporting rate is significantly higher than other populations. It is necessary to further strengthen publicity and education to help children and their parents form a correct understanding,so as to increase the influenza vaccination rate,and also to improve the professional quality of staff to reduce the occurrence of AEFI.

Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 in Yichang City

ZHANG Lihua, HE Cen, XU Yongjun

2024, 40(23):  3223-3226. 

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-12 in Yichang City and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From 2021 to 2023,stratified sampling was used to select 6-12 year old children from 5 schools in Yichang City,District,and Township. A self-made general information questionnaire was used for the survey,and single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 years. Results A total of 750 survey questionnaires were issued in this study,and 731 were effectively collected,with an effective rate of 97.47%. Among them,96 people were overweight（13.13%） and 62 people were obese（8.48%）. There were statistically significant differences in the rates of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-12 years old with different gender,sleep time,exercise time,eating speed,weekly consumption of desserts,fried foods,beverages,number of vegetables and fruits consumption,and number of bedtime meals（all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,insufficient sleep time,exercise time <1 hour/week,eating speed <8 minutes,consumption of desserts,fried foods,and beverages ≥3 times/week, consumption of fruits and vegetables <3 days/week,and bedtime meals ≥3 days/week were all risk factors for overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The situation of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 in Yichang City is relatively severe. Gender,sleep time,exercise time,and dietary habits are risk factors that affect overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 in Yichang City. Timely measures should be taken to urge children to exercise,improve dietary habits,and reduce the rate of overweight and obesity.

Analysis on current status and influencing factors of clinical nursing staff's ability to respond to biosafety incidents

WU Chao, ZHANG Hongli, HU Mengyi, XU Huan, HE Jing, LANG Hongjuan

2024, 40(23):  3227-3232. 

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Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of clinical nursing staff's ability to respond to biosafety incidents in China. Methods From September to November 2023,a large-scale,multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted on clinical nursing staff in different geographical regions of eastern,central,western,northern,and southern China using the biosafety event response ability scale as a research tool. By analyzing the influencing factors,the status and influencing factors of clinical nursing staff's biosafety event response ability were understood. Results The score for the item of biosafety incident response ability among 4 338 clinical nursing staff was （3.14±0.75）points. Among the four dimensions of coping ability,the average score of the item in the dimension of biosafety event protection and control ability was the highest[（3.58±0.82）points],and the average score of the item in the dimension of biosafety event monitoring and early warning ability was the lowest[（2.94±0.84）points]. The influencing factors on the ability to respond to biosafety incidents of clinical nursing staff included whether they had participated in biosafety related training（β=11.316,P<0.01）,the location of the hospital（west as reference,east β=7.731,P<0.01,southern β=7.764,P<0.01）,marital status（unmarried as reference,married β=-3.010,P<0.01,divorced or widowed β=-5.216,P<0.05）,department（β=-6.483,P<0.01）,position（β=4.827,P<0.01）,and years of work（0-<5 years as reference,>10 years β=-1.986,P<0.01）. Conclusion The level of biosafety incident coping ability among clinical nursing staff in China was relatively low,and was influenced by many factors. Clinical managers should actively pay attention to the influencing factors of clinical nursing staff's ability to respond to biosafety incidents,and strive to improve the level of biosafety incident response ability of clinical nursing staff in China.

Impact of clinical nurse organizational support on work engagement and the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and professional mission sense

LEI Qiuxia, ZENG Xiaoying, YANG Yuzhen, LIU Jianying, ZHANG Hui, CHEN Xiaojuan

2024, 40(23):  3233-3237. 

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Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and the sense of professional mission on nurses' organizational support and work engagement,and to provide reference for improving nurses' job engagement. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 519 clinical nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province from April to July 2023 using the Chinese version of utrecht work engagement scale（UWES）,nurse organizational support scale,Chinese calling scale（CCS） and nurse psychological capital questionnaire,and the data were analyzed. Results The work engagement score of 519 clinical nurses was （67.76±18.65）points,with an average score of （3.99±1.10）points for each item. There were statistically significant differences in the level of work engagement among nurses of different age groups,professional titles,departments,working years,marital status,children's situation,employment methods,income levels,number of night shifts,and reasons for choosing nursing（all P<0.05）. There was a pairwise correlation between nurses' organizational support,psychological capital,sense of professional mission,and work engagement. Organizational support,psychological capital,and the sense of professional mission collectively explained 64.3% of the total variation in nurses' work engagement. The independent mediating effect of psychological capital and the sense of professional mission on nurses' organizational support and work engagement was significant（β=0.585,0.154,both P<0.01）,and the chain mediating effect was also significant（β=0.24,P<0.01）. Conclusion Organizational support can directly predict nurses' job engagement,and can also indirectly predict nurses' work engagement through the mediating effect of psychological capital and sense of professional mission.

Quantitative evaluation and influencing factor analysis of parents' KAP dimensions towards non-immunization program vaccines for children

ZHU Danfeng, LUAN Lin, SHEN Yilan, ZHENG Benfeng, GAO Jinling, LIU Na

2024, 40(23):  3238-3242. 

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Objective To understand the knowledge-attitude-practice（KAP） among parents of children aged 0-6 years in Suzhou City towards non-national immunization program（non-NIP） vaccines,and analyze the influencing factors of vaccination of non-NIP vaccines. Methods In January 2024,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 78 parents of children aged 0-6 from vaccination clinics,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of parents of children aged 0-6 years in various dimensions of KAP for non-NIP vaccines were （5.85±1.03）,（15.67±2.42） and （4.20±0.73）points,with score rates of 73.1%, 78.3% and 70.0%,respectively. About 35.3% and 29.83% of parents obtained relevant information through mobile phones and medical staffs,ranking among the top two non-NIP vaccines knowledge acquisition channels. There were 11,9 and 7 factors significantly affected the quantitative scores of KAP dimensions towards non-NIP vaccines among parents of children aged 0-6 years. Knowledge scores was positively correlated with attitude and behavior scores（OR=2.32,2.35,both P<0.01）,while attitude scores was positively correlated with behavior scores（OR=4.25,P<0.01）. Conclusion The knowledge level towards non-NIP vaccines among parents of children aged 0-6 years in Suzhou City needs to be improved. The positivity and accuracy of information about non-NIP vaccines transmittted by new media such as mobile phones urgently requires the attention of the whole society. Mothers of children are more cautious about vaccination than other relatives. The dimensions of KAP towards non-NIP vaccines are closely related and complement with each other.

Analysis of current status and influencing factors of stress load among obstetric and gynecological nurses based on stress-appraisal-coping theory

YE Qiqi, HUANG Daiyuan, ZHONG Kefu, YUAN Li, HUANG Qihua, HUANG Jian

2024, 40(23):  3243-3247. 

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Objective To understand the current characteristics and influencing factors of the stress load of obstetric and gynecological nurses,and provide empirical evidence for optimizing the management methods of obstetric and gynecological nurses. Methods From February to March 2023,a convenient sampling method was used to select 426 obstetric and gynecological nurses from 21 public hospitals in Guangdong Province as the survey subjects. The survey was conducted using the general information questionnaire,the Chinese big five personality questionnaire,the trait coping style questionnaire,and the Chinese version of the stress overload scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The stress risk of obstetrics and gynecology nurses showed characteristics of high stress and shock,and their stress load was at a medium level,with a score[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] of 66.00（53.75,78.00） points. There were statistically significant differences in stress load among nurses with different marital status,hospital level,family occupational support and work motivation（all P<0.05）. The stress load level of nurses with neurotic personality and negative coping tendency was the highest（P<0.01）. Conclusion The stress load level of obstetrics and gynecology nurses in 21 public hospitals in Guangdong Province is medium. Nursing managers should strengthen care for nurses with significant neurotic personality,adopt flexible or magnetic management,and enhance group psychological intervention or case intervention to motivate them to face stress events with a positive attitude,and establish a positive personality.

Potential profile analysis of clinical nurses' professional self-concept and its relationship with professional quality of life

WANG Xiyue, XIAO Mengge, WANG Xuan, LI Lulu, WANG Aixia

2024, 40(23):  3248-3253. 

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Objective To investigate the current status of clinical nurses' professional self-concept,and to analyze the potential profile of clinical nurses' professional self-concept and its relationship with professional quality of life. Methods An electronic questionnaire was conducted on 585 clinical nurses in general hospitals above the second level in Henan Province during April to May 2023 using the general information questionnaire,nurses' self-concept questionnaire,and professional quality of life scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total professional self-concept score of 585 clinical nurses was （237.24±36.21）points,compassionate satisfaction in professional quality of life was （38.68±6.80）points,job burnout was （24.79±6.22）points,and secondary trauma was （27.98±7.26）points. The self-concept of clinical nurses could be categorized into 2 potential profiles："low professional self-concept type"（37%） and "high professional self-concept type"（63%）. The influencing factors of professional self-concept included clinical work hours,title,marital status,mode of employment,compassionate satisfaction,job burnout,and secondary trauma（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The professional self-concept of clinical nurses in comprehensive hospitals at or above the second level in Henan Province is at a medium to high level,and nurses' self-concept can be categorized into 2 categories. Clinical nurses with different demographic characteristics have different potential profiles of professional self-concept,and the three dimensions of professional quality of life influence the categorization of profiles of professional self-concept. Nursing administrators should develop targeted intervention programs based on the characteristics of populations with different profiles,thereby increasing nurses' professional self-concept.

Impact of high fluoride exposure on hyperglycemia in Tianjin

LI Wenfeng, WANG Yang, ZHANG Dandan, LI Fang, DUAN Yani, CUI Yushan

2024, 40(23):  3254-3258. 

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Objective To explore the effect of high fluoride exposure on hyperglycemia,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia in fluoride poisoning areas. Methods From 2021 to 2022,a total of 826 adults were randomly selected from drinking-water fluorosis areas in Tianjin to conduct questionnaire survey,physical examination,random urine samples and fasting blood sample testing. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of hyperglycemia in the high fluoride areas,and the interaction of related influencing factors was analyzed. Results The detection rate of hyperglycemia was 22.88%. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of hyperglycemia between the high-fluoride area and the control area（χ²=13.313,P<0.01）. The results of univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of hyperglycemia was related to high fluorine exposure,overweight and obesity,education level,passive smoking,family history of diabetes,hypertension,urinary fluorine level,high cholesterol,high triglyceride and dyslipidemia（all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after excluding other confounding factors,high fluoride exposure（OR=2.132,95%CI：1.423-3.194）,overweight and obesity（OR=1.907,95%CI：1.288-2.823）,family history of diabetes（OR=3.555,95%CI：2.048-6.170）,hypertension（OR=1.455,95%CI：1.020-2.076） and dyslipidemia（OR=2.085,95%CI：1.469-2.959） were risk factors for hyperglycemia in adults. Interaction analysis showed that there was a multiplicative interaction between high fluoride exposure and dyslipidemia in the development of hyperglycemia（OR=0.468,95%CI：0.230-0.950,P<0.05）. Conclusion High fluoride exposure was likely to increase the risk of hyperglycemia,and there is a multiplicative interaction between it and dyslipidemia on hyperglycemia.

Mediating effect of emotional intelligence on career decision-making self-efficacy and future work self-salience of undergraduate nursing students

XIAO Ruihan, XIAO Tian, ZHONG Hongyue, LI Li, CHEN Xiaoju

2024, 40(23):  3259-3264. 

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Objective To understand the current status of emotional intelligence,career decision-making self-efficacy,and future work self-salience among undergraduate nursing students,and to analyze the relationship between the three. Methods From October to December 2022,a convenience sampling method was used to select 311 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Sichuan Province as the survey subjects. The general information questionnaire,emotional intelligence scale,future work self-salience scale,and career decision-making self-efficacy scale were used to investigate the nursing students,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of career decision-making self-efficacy,emotional intelligence,and future work self-salience for undergraduate nursing students were （128.17±24.48）,（125.17±10.62） and （17.78±3.26）points,respectively. Career decision-making self-efficacy and emotional intelligence were positively correlated with future work self-salience（r=0.435,0.401,both P<0.01）,while career decision-making self-efficacy was positively correlated with emotional intelligence（r=0.468,P<0.01）. Emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationship between career decision-making self-efficacy and future work self-salience among undergraduate nursing students,accounting for 31.54% of the total effect. Conclusion Career decision-making self-efficacy can directly influence nursing students' future work self-salience,and can also indirectly influence future work self-salience through the mediating effect of emotional intelligence. Undergraduate nursing schools can improve their career decision-making self-efficacy and emotional intelligence level by increasing career planning guidance,group counseling,and organizing social practice,thereby enhancing their future work self-salience.

Psychological factors of social media addiction among college students in Guizhou Province based on the perspective of network analysis

LIU Xiaorong, ZHANG Wanzhu

2024, 40(23):  3265-3270. 

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Objective To explore the psychosocial factors affecting college students' social media addiction based on the perspective of network analysis. Methods From March to May 2023,1 284 college students in Guizhou Province were selected by convenience sampling method,and the social media addiction scale,social exclusion scale,interpersonal alienation scale,self-regulation fatigue scale and psychological flexibility scale were used to conduct the survey. The network structure analysis and visual presentation of the psychological factors of social media addiction were carried out using the "Qgraph" package in R 4.3.1 software,and the accuracy and stability of the social media addiction network were evaluated by using the "Bootnet" package. Results The scores of social media addiction among college students in Guizhou Province were （16.66±4.09）points,the scores of direct exclusion and indirect exclusion in social exclusion were （17.47±6.31） and （17.19±6.14）points,and the scores of loneliness,family alienation and social isolation in interpersonal alienation were （22.98±5.92）,（11.53±4.60） and （11.86±4.67）points,respectively. The cognitive, emotional,and behavioral scores in self-regulated fatigue were （17.42±2.65）,（12.87±3.52） and （13.06±2.93）points,respectively,and the scores of psychological flexibility were （33.97±7.36）points. Social media addiction（PA） was strongly associated with the dimensions of loneliness in interpersonal alienation（PC1）,emotional dimension in self-regulated fatigue（PD2）,and psychological flexibility（PF）（r=0.33,0.33,-0.36,all P<0.01）,and the expected impact was relatively high,at 3.29,2.98 and -4.19,respectively,which was an important potential intervention target for social media addiction networks. Conclusion The core targets of psychological factors related to social media addiction among college students in Guizhou Province mainly include loneliness,emotion and psychological flexibility,and targeted measures can be taken to intervene in social media addiction among college students.

Analysis of factors influencing obesity among primary and secondary school students in Yangquan City

LI Zhenhua, ZHANG Xiaohong

2024, 40(23):  3271-3275. 

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Objective To analyze the current situation and related influencing factors of obesity among primary and secondary school students in Yangquan City in 2022. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional study. Based on the monitoring data of common diseases and health influencing factors among students in Yangquan City in 2022,6 702 primary and secondary school students with complete data were finally included as the research objects. According to the WS/T 586-2018 "Screening for Overweight and Obesity in School aged Children and Adolescents" standard,determined whether students were obese,and analyzed based on demographic characteristics and obesity classification. Results In 2022,the obesity detection rate of primary and secondary school students in Yangquan City was 21.49%. Among them,the obesity detection rate of 3 535 boys was 26.17%,and that of 3 167 girls was 16.26%. The obesity detection rate of boys was higher than that of girls. The obesity detection rate of primary school students（26.22%） was higher than that of senior high school students（17.10%）and junior high school students（19.73%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school（OR=0.744, 95%CI：0.648-0.853,P<0.01）,senior high school（OR=0.703,95%CI：0.581-0.850,P<0.01） and female students（OR=0.533, 95%CI：0.472-0.603,P<0.01） were the protective factors of obesity. Being beaten and scolded by parents in the past week（OR=1.260, 95%CI：1.086-1.462,P<0.01） and attending cultural tutoring classes for 3 hours or more in the past week（OR=1.350,95%CI：1.014-1.798,P<0.05） were the risk factors of obesity. Conclusion The detection rate of obesity among primary and secondary school students in Yangquan City is relatively high in 2022. Parents,schools and society should attach great importance to the problem of obesity among children and adolescents,strengthen health education for primary and secondary school students,help them develop the habit of scientific diet and exercise,and effectively prevent and control the occurrence of obesity among primary and secondary school students.

Analysis of research hotspots and development trends in health education in higher education institutions based on CiteSpace

GAO Lei, HUO Miao, YANG Lianwei, ZHANG Wenyu, ZHOU Xiaohua

2024, 40(23):  3276-3283. 

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Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends in the field of health education in institutions of higher learning at home and abroad,and to provide reference for research in this field. Methods CiteSpace software was used to search for research literature on health education in higher education institutions from 2018 to 2023 based on China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） and Web of Science databases,and the visual analysis was conducted from five perspectives：the number of papers published annually,authors,publishing institutions,research hotspots,development trends and frontiers. Results There were a total of 214 Chinese literature and 1 761 English literature,and the overall annual publication volume showed an increasing trend. In terms of cooperation between authors and institution,foreign cooperation was slightly better than domestic cooperation. The common hot research topics in this field both domestically and internationally were health promotion,health literacy,and mental health. Domestic research hotspots were gradually evolved from macro education to specific health education means exploration and top-level design,while foreign research hotspots were gradually evolved from traditional health education to network and digital health education. Conclusion In recent 5 years,the research in the field of health education in institutions of higher learning has been increasing. Influenced by the background of "internet plus" mode,to seek the innovation of working ideas and methods of health education,and to cultivate students' ability to obtain health-related information based on the network have been a hotspot and trend at home and abroad in the past two years. At the same time,it is necessary to pay attention to strengthening the communication between authors and cooperation among institutions to expand the depth and breadth of research.

Systematic evaluation of factors influencing the psychological status of Chinese submarine force officers and soldiers based on SCL-90

TAN Kun, LIANG Jingtong, CUI Yang, XIAO Chulan

2024, 40(23):  3284-3288. 

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Objective Based on the results of the symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）,this study aims to explore the influencing factors and development trends of the psychological health status of Chinese submarine troops. Methods The Review Manager 5.3 software was used to organize and analyze the investigation and research on SCL-90 related to Chinese submarine troops in databases such as CNKI,VIP,and Wanfang since their establishment. A systematic evaluation was conducted based on different influencing factors. Results A total of 9 articles and 20 groups were included,with a total of 1 395 officers and soldiers in the submarine unit. The meta-analysis results of the psychological status differences between submarine force officers and soldiers before and after the voyage showed that the average effect sizes of 9 SCL-90 factors after the voyage was positive compared to before the voyage. Among them,the differences in somatization,compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror and psychosis were statistically significant（all P<0.05）,while the differences in paranoia were not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The results of meta-analysis on the differences in psychological status between nuclear submarines and conventional submarines showed that the overall SCL-90 factor of officers and soldiers in the nuclear submarine force was positive compared to the average effect size of the military norm in 2016,and the differences in somatization,compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,terror,paranoia,and psychosis were statistically significant（all P<0.01）,while only the differences in hostility were not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Compared with the 2016 military norm,the SCL-90 factor scores of conventional submarine officers and soldiers showed statistically significant differences only in somatization,compulsion,and depression（all P<0.01）,with positive d values. However,there were no statistically significant differences in interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoia,and psychosis（all P>0.05）,with negative d values for hostility,terror,and paranoia factors. Conclusion Based on the SCL-90 results,the overall psychological health status of Chinese submarine officers and soldiers after voyage is significantly lower than before voyage. The overall psychological health status of nuclear submarine officers and soldiers is significantly lower than the 2016 military norm,while the overall psychological health status of conventional submarine officers and soldiers is lower than the 2016 military norm,but better than that of nuclear submarine officers and soldiers. Moreover,their levels of hostility,terror,and paranoia are even lower than the 2016 military norm.

Bibliometric analysis of children's health literacy

CHEN Xin, WU Liqun, LIU Ying, WEI Namin, ZHAI Huaqiang

2024, 40(23):  3289-3296. 

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Objective To provide reference and basis for the scientific development of children's health literacy in China in the future by analyzing the relevant research literature in the field of international children's health literacy. Methods Through the Web of Science core collection database,the relevant literature in the field of children's health literacy from 1996 to 2023 was retrieved. CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis and knowledge mapping. Results A total of 2 286 related literatures were retrieved,including 2 076 papers and 210 reviews. The number of publications on children's health literacy research literature after 2014 showed an increasing trend year by year. The author with the largest number of publications was YIN H S of New York University. The institutions with the most research papers were the University of California,the University of North Carolina and Harvard University. Children's health literacy involved multiple disciplines such as public environment and occupational health,pediatrics,health care science services,and psychology. The three journals with the largest number of publications were International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,BMC Public Health and PLoS One. The hot keywords were children's mental health,children's disease prevention,children's vaccine hesitation,etc.,forming a total of 9 clusters. Conclusion Children's health literacy has become a research hotspot,and mastering the frontier trend is conducive to promoting the overall improvement of children's health literacy in China.

Overview

Research progress on the effect of nickel on abnormal blood glucose metabolism

JIANG Qingtao, ZHOU Jing, WANG Qin, LIU Xin

2024, 40(23):  3297-3301. 

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Nickel is a common element in production and living environment,and excessive exposure to nickel can cause a series of health hazards to the population. With the improvement of people's lives,the prevalence of diabetes in the world is becoming increasingly serious,and has become an important public health problem. The study found that there may be a correlation between nickel exposure and abnormal blood glucose metabolism,but this correlation is still controversial. This article summarizes the research progress on nickel induced abnormal blood glucose metabolism by collecting and analyzing the research results on the effects of nickel on abnormal blood glucose metabolism,providing reference for exploring the endocrine metabolic toxicity of heavy metals

Research progress on the economic toxicity in patients with chronic diseases

LONG Liyuan, LI Yuan, FENG Siyi, FANG Jinbo

2024, 40(23):  3302-3307. 

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Chronic diseases have the characteristics of long duration of disease,low cure rate,easy recurrence,etc.,which will make patients in a state of high expenditure and low income for a long time,aggravate economic toxicity and seriously reduce the quality of life. This article reviews the relevant studies and intervention measures of economic toxicity in patients with chronic diseases,and provide references for optimizing nursing decisions to improve patients' treatment compliance and reduce the adverse effects of economic toxicity.

Research progress on the evaluation and intervention of adolescent resilience

YU Qun, BU Huaien, YUE Ying

2024, 40(23):  3308-3312. 

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In view of the particularity of the growth and development of adolescents,it is easy to appear low resilience performance such as cowardice and inferiority,which is not conducive to the development of physical and mental health. Therefore,this study reviews the relevant literature at home and abroad,and summarizes the research status,influencing factors,assessment tools and intervention measures of adolescent resilience. Intended to provide reference for promoting the improvement of resilience level of adolescents in China.