Table of Content

15 December 2024, Volume 40 Issue 24

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Treatise

Study on coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions based on grounded theory

XU Ping, FANG Qing, YUAN Shasha, CHENG Jiu, ZHANG Jingbin, XIAN Min

2024, 40(24):  3313-3317. 

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Objective To explore the coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions,and to provide basis for management departments to carry out targeted intervention. Methods From July 17 to 20,2023,semi-structured interviews were carried out with staff selected from three-tier disease control and prevention institutions at the district,sub-district,and community levels in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City. Based on grounded theory,NVivo11 qualitative analysis software was used to conduct opening coding,axial coding and selective coding of interview content,and a theoretical framework of coping strategies of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions was constructed. Results Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 20 staff from three-tier disease control and prevention institutions. The interviewees were either personnel leaders in charge of human resources at the disease control and prevention institutions or frontline staff,mainly public health physicians. Through the three-level coding of the interview content,25 initial concepts,15 categories and 9 main categories were identified. The coping strategy model of job burnout in staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions was constructed,consisting of four core categories：policy,organizational,family,and individual level. Conclusion We should strengthen the management and regulation of job burnout among staff from primary disease control and prevention institutions by improving the personnel management planning,consolidating humanistic support,strengthening government input,creating harmonious relationship with colleagues,obtaining support from family members,and comprehensively improving the ability of the staff.

Analysis on status of occupational stress,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms of employees in an electronic manufacturing enterprise in Shanghai

CHEN Mingzhi, HUANG Ling, GU Chunhua, WU Qian, XIAO Jiangyu, WANG Jing

2024, 40(24):  3318-3323. 

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Objective To analyze the current situation and related influencing factors of occupational stress,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms of employees in an electronic manufacturing enterprise in Shanghai. Methods In November 2022,a total of 750 employees in an enterprise in Shanghai were selected as the research subjects using the cluster sampling method. The simple occupational stress questionnaire,patient health questionnaire-9 and self-rating anxiety scale were used to investigate the occupational stress in the job demand control model（JDC）,depression and anxiety symptoms of the employees. Results The detection rates of JDC occupational stress,depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were 40.8%（306/750）,50.1%（376/750） and 12.1%（91/750）,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of occupational stress among employees of different smoking and exercise habits（both P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of depression symptoms among employees of different high salt diet and exercise habits（both P<0.01）. There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of depression symptoms between employees existing occupational stress or not（P<0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of anxiety symptoms among employees of different gender（P<0.01）. There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of anxiety symptoms among employees eating vegetables and fruits every day or not（P<0.05）. Conclusion The occupational stress,depression and anxiety symptoms of employees in an electronic manufacturing enterprise in Shanghai are serious,and it is necessary to focus on women,people with smoking behaviors,high salt diet habits,no eating vegetables and fruits habits and no physical exercise habits to prevent occupational stress and mental health problems.

Mediating effect of job burnout between psychological contract and elder neglect among geriatric nursing assistants in Hebei Province

ZHANG Lanrui, DOU Haoying, WU Xiaomeng, ZHAO Dongqing

2024, 40(24):  3324-3329. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between psychological contract,job burnout and elder neglect of geriatric nursing assistants in nursing homes in Hebei Province,and analyze the mediating role of burnout between psychological contract and elder neglect,so as to provide reference for reducing the risk of elder neglect. Methods From July to November 2023,a total of 526 geriatric nursing assistants from 67 nursing homes in Hebei Province were selected by the convenience sampling method. The general information questionnaire,psychological contract scale,Maslach burnout inventory-general survey,and elder neglect scale for geriatric nursing assistants were used for questionnaire survey. Results The scores of psychological contract,job burnout and elder neglect of geriatric nursing assistants in nursing homes in Hebei Province were （139.96±24.28）,（46.90±11.11） and （55.16±13.29）points,respectively. The psychological contract of geriatric nursing assistants was negatively correlated with job burnout and elder neglect（both P<0.01）,and job burnout was positively correlated with elder neglect（P<0.01）. The psychological contract and job burnout had a direct effect on elder neglect（β=0.332,-0.388,both P<0.01）. The job burnout played a partial mediating role between psychological contract and elder neglect,and the mediating effect was 0.174,accounting for 34.4% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological contract and job burnout of geriatric nursing assistants in Hebei Province are at a medium-to-high level,and the elder neglect is at a medium-to-low level. It is suggested that managers of nursing homes can start from improving employees' psychological contract perception,provide supportive nursing environment,pay attention to employees' mental health,and take timely burnout intervention measures to reduce the risk of elder neglect,so as to improve the quality of care.

Determination of 21 elements in Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium officinale by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with microwave digestion

FAN Qing, YAN Jiajia, HE Jiuhong, HUANG Shunli

2024, 40(24):  3330-3333. 

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Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 21 elements in Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium officinale by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） with microwave digestion and analyze the determination results. Methods The samples were diluted and fixed after microwave digestion,and the contents of 21 elements including K,Ca,Na,Mg,Fe,Co,Cu,Mn,Se,Sr,Ag,Zn,Al,As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg,Ba,V and Ni in the samples were determined simultaneously by ICP-MS. Results The correlation coefficients of elements by the method were >0.999,with the detection limits of 0.000 3-0.631 2 mg/kg and the quantification limits of 0.001-1.894 mg/kg,the recoveries range was 85.2%-106.4%,and the relative standard deviations（RSD） range was 1.0%-3.7%. Conclusion The method has the advantages of simple operation,high sensitivity,low detection limit and good accuracy,and can be used for the simultaneous and rapid determination of multiple elements in Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium officinale.

Based on the cAMP/BDNF/NMDA pathway to investigate the protective effect of ginkgolide B on the neurological damage of arsenic-exposed rats

LIU Dong, LIU Yi

2024, 40(24):  3334-3341. 

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Objective Based on cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）/brain-derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）/N-methyl-D-aspartic acid（N-methyl-D-aspartic acid,NMDA） pathway to explore the protective effect of ginkgolide B on neurological damage in rats exposed to arsenic. Methods Totally 40 SD rats were divided into normal control group,arsenic exposure group（15 mg/kg）,low and high dose of ginkgolide B group（200,400 mg/kg）. Rats in the arsenic exposure group,low-dose and high-dose ginkgolide B groups were given sodium arsenite by intragastric administration every day for 8 weeks. Ginkgolide B was gavaged,and the normal control group and the arsenic exposure group were given equal volumes of normal saline gavage. After the experiment,the Morris water maze was used to evaluate the spatial learning and memory ability of the rats,and the neurological severity score was used to evaluate the rats' neuropathy and the degree of functional damage.HE staining and Nissl staining was used for pathological observation in rat hippocampus DG area,CA3 area and CA1 area. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the determination of the neurocytokine acetylcholinesterase（AchE） in rat hippocampus,norepinephrine（NE） and monoamine oxidase（MAO） levels,as well as the level of apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons,and real-time fluorescent reverse transcription and Western blot were used to determine the levels of cAMP,BDNF and NMDA in the hippocampus. Results Compared with the normal control group,the escape latency,neurobehavioral score,hippocampal AchE level,TUNEL positive cell number,times of passing the original platform position,and stay in the original platform quadrant in the arsenic exposure group and the ginkgolide B dose groups were increased. Time,hippocampal NE,MAO levels,cAMP（4.34±0.33 vs 1.86±0.15,1.58±0.13 vs 0.25±0.04）,BDNF（4.59±0.43 vs 1.03±0.20,1.38±0.15 vs 0.37±0.05）,NMDA（4.87 ±0.43 vs 1.03±0.11,1.68±0.18 vs 0.33±0.06） mRNA protein levels were all decreased,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Compared with the arsenic exposure group,the escape latency,neurobehavioral scores,hippocampal AchE levels,and TUNEL positive cells of rats were all decreased in the ginkgolide B dose group. The times of passing the original platform location,the time spent in the original platform quadrant,NE,MAO levels,cAMP（1.86±0.15 vs 2.46±0.19,3.54±0.23,0.25±0.04 vs 0.78±0.09,1.14±0.13）,BDNF（1.03±0.20 vs 2.34±0.25,3.61±0.29,0.37±0.05 vs 0.81±0.08,1.11±0.12）,NMDA（1.03±0.11 vs 2.22±0.25,3.68±0.38,0.33±0.06 vs 0.76±0.08,1.17±0.11） mRNA and protein levels were all increased;and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. In the normal control group,the neurons in DG,CA1,and CA3 areas of the hippocampus were arranged neatly and densely,and the cell shape was regular and complete. The cytoplasm contained abundant and dense Nissl bodies,and the expression of astrocytes was strong. Brownish-yellow,thick and long processes,few branches,large proportion of cells. Neurons in DG,CA1,and CA3 areas of the arsenic exposure group were loosely arranged,neurons were absent,irregular in shape,mostly triangular or polygonal,and nucleoli were not obvious,the Nissl bodies in the cytoplasm and the astrocytes were significantly reduced,the cell morphology was damaged,the radial nerve mutation was short,and the expression level was reduced. The neurons in the DG,CA1,and CA3 areas of the hippocampus in the ginkgolide B dose group had normal morphology and arranged Neatly,the expression and cell morphology of astrocytes were similar to those in the normal control group. Conclusion In the arsenic-exposed rat model of nerve injury,ginkgolide B has neuroprotective effects,and can significantly improve the learning,cognition,memory and nerve function of rats. The mechanism is related to the activation of hippocampal cAMP/BDNF/NMDA by ginkgolide B access related.

Contamination trend and exposure risk assessment of aflatoxins in different commercially available foods

SHANG Lei, LYU Junqing, QI Zhicai, WANG Liying, REN Beibei, WANG Yucan

2024, 40(24):  3342-3346. 

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Objective To understand the contamination status of aflatoxins in different food in Hebei Province,quantitatively determine the aflatoxins in 9 commercially available foods,evaluate their exposure levels and potential health risks,and provide data support for relevant departments' early warning. Methods From 2021 to 2023,a total of 404 samples of food sold in Hebei Province were collected. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water（84+16）,purified with an immunoaffinity column,detected by liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,quantified with isotope internal standard method. Based on the aflatoxin B1 content data and nutritional monitoring consumption data,the exposure level of aflatoxin B1 was assessed. Results The detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in food was the highest,at 12.13%. Among various types of food,peanut butter had the highest detection rate of aflatoxin B1,with an average detection value of 93.3 μg/kg. The exposure risk of peanut butter was relatively high,with the margin of exposure（MOE） of 72.99. Conclusion The contamination of aflatoxin B1 in food sold in different markets in Hebei Province should be highly concerned,especially the exposure risk of peanuts and peanut butter to residents.

Investigation and health risk assessment of multi-elements in commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province

WANG Tao, LIU Xiaoli, SUN Xiaochen, HE Yi, XING Yan

2024, 40(24):  3347-3351. 

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Objective To analyze the content levels of metal elements in commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province,provide basic information and basis for the health risk assessment of commercial poultry meat in Shandong Province. Methods Totally 14 elements in commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province were determined in 2022. The single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were used to evaluate the pollution of heavy metals in commercial poultry meat. Results There was a sample of commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province with excessive Cr content,the over-standard rate was 0.63%,and the other elements met the requirements. The comprehensive pollution index value of heavy metal in poultry meat was 2.24,suggesting the moderate pollution. The commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province had no obvious health risk to adults and children,but the maximum value of target hazard quotients（THQ） of adults and children in Jining City was greater than 1,which needs attention. Cr had the greatest potential risk in commercially available poultry meat in Shandong Province. Conclusion The pollution level of Cr in commercially available poultry meat sold Shandong Province is higher than that of other metals. Therefore,it is suggested that the heavy metals in poultry feed and drinking water should be detected from the source and Cr in poultry meat should be tracked continuously.

Analysis of disease burden and changing trend of colorectal cancer among residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2003 to 2022

SONG Juan, MENG Haiying, HUANG Liyong, SU Jianting, QI Xiao

2024, 40(24):  3352-3356. 

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Objective To analyze the disease burden and change trend of colorectal cancer among registered residence residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2003 to 2022,and to provide data support and scientific basis for formulating colorectal cancer prevention and control strategies suitable for Chaoyang District. Methods The death registration data of registered residence residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2003 to 2022 were used to analyze the crude mortality,standardized mortality,years of life lost（YLL）,years of lived with disability（YLD）,disability-adjusted life years（DALY） and their average annual percent change（AAPC） of colorectal cancer in the integrated analysis platform of health and disease prevention monitoring information resources in Beijing. Excel 2016,SPSS 17.0 and Joinpoint Regression Program（version 4.6.0.0） were used for statistical analysis. Results From 2003 to 2022,there were a total of 7 764 deaths from colorectal cancer among residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing,and the crude mortality increased from 10.78/100 000 to 26.75/100 000（AAPC=5.29%,P<0.01）. The crude death rate,standardized death rate of male and crude death rate of female showed an increasing trend（AAPC=5.69%,0.97%,3.71%,all P<0.01）. The number of deaths,crude mortality rate,and standardized mortality rate of colorectal cancer in male were higher than those in female. The mortality rate of both males and females age ≥75 showed an upward trend（AAPC=3.07%,2.08%,all P<0.01）. The mortality rate of males aged 45-<60 was is on the rise（AAPC=1.82%,P<0.05）. The YLL rate,YLD rate and DALY rate of colorectal cancer showed an upward trend（AAPC=3.71%,6.67%,3.80%,all P<0.01）. The YLL rate,YLD rate and DALY rate,and their rate of increase in males were higher than those in females. The proportion of DALY among residents aged 45-<60 and 60-<75 in the entire age group was 21.96 and 40.76%,respectively. Conclusion The mortality rate,standardized mortality rate and DALY rate of colorectal cancer among residents in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2003 to 2022 showed an upward trend,especially among males and the elderly,whose disease burden was becoming increasingly severe. The government should conduct health education for the whole population,promote healthy eating habits and lifestyles,and increase early screening of colorectal cancer,especially for high-risk groups,so as to achieve early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment,and reduce the disease burden of colorectal cancer.

Relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and anxiety,depression in high altitude soldiers

YANG Wanjun, YANG Guoyu, YANG Yi, HENG Hui, LUO Xinwei, BIAN Chen

2024, 40(24):  3357-3361. 

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Objective To study the current situation and influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD） in soldiers at high altitude,explore its relationship with anxiety and depression,so as to provide a basis for reducing the incidence of PTSD in soldiers at high altitude. Methods From March to April 2023,1 908 soldiers at high altitude were selected by the cluster sampling,measured by the general data questionnaire,post traumatic stress disorder checklist-civilian version（PCL-C）,patient health questionnaire-9（PHQ-9）,and generalized anxiety disorde-7（GAD-7）,and the data were analyzed. Results The positive rate of PTSD in soldiers at high altitude was 3.46%,with the total score M（P₂₅,P₇₅） of 17（17,20）points,and the positive rate of anxiety and depression was 7.60% and 11.01% respectively. The PTSD symptoms in high altitude soldiers were significantly positively correlated with anxiety and depression（r=0.798,0.797,both P<0.01）,while anxiety,depression and gender were the main influencing factors of PTSD symptoms in these soldiers（all P<0.01）. The anxiety had a significant mediation effect between depression level and PTSD in high altitude soldiers,effect size was 0.368,accounting for 46.2% of the total effect. Conclusion The anxiety and depression are significantly positively correlated with the incidence of PTSD symptoms in high altitude soldiers,and the anxiety plays a partial mediating role between depression and PTSD,that is,the depression level has a direct predictive effect on PTSD,and can also affect PTSD through the mediating role of anxiety.

Research on the current situation of new nurses' transformation impact and its correlation with turnover intention

DONG Aoqi, TONG Xiaoli, YANG Zhengxia, WANG Qingwen, ZHANG Xiang

2024, 40(24):  3362-3365. 

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Objective To explore the influencing factors of the transformation impact of new nurses,and analyze the correlation between the transformation impact of new nurses and the turnover intention. Methods From June to October 2023,convenience sampling was used to select nurses who have worked in Anhui,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and other provinces within 2 years of graduation as the research subjects. The general information questionnaire,the new nurse transformation impact scale,the employee occupational adaptability scale,and the turnover willingness scale were used for investigation and research. Results The transformation impact score of 364 new nurses was （86.62±20.10）points. Regression analysis showed that occupational adaptability,turnover intention,average weekly overtime hours,hospital adaptation status,different educational backgrounds,household registration location,average weekly working hours,and the number of night shifts in the current month were the main influencing factors of the transformation impact of new nurses（adjusted R²=0.391,all P<0.05）. The transformation impact score of new nurses was positively correlated with the score of turnover intention（r=0.454,P<0.01）. Conclusion The level of transformation impact for new nurses is relatively high,and managers should optimize their management structure,reduce the level of transformation impact for new nurses,and promote role adaptation.

Analysis on relationship between personality traits and work addiction of nurses in operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province

JIA Yao, LIANG Xinhui, ZHANG Lating, WU Wei, LI Sitong, JIANG Xue

2024, 40(24):  3366-3370. 

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Objective To understand the correlation between work addiction and personality traits of nurses in operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province,provide scientific basis for making targeted intervention plan. Methods From August to October 2023,nurses in operating rooms of six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province were selected by the convenience sampling method. The general data questionnaire,Chinese big five personality questionnaire-short form（CBF-PI-B） and work addiction scale were used to conduct field questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of work addiction of 435 nurses in operating rooms of six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province was （57.34±9.36）points. Among personality traits,the score of rigorism was the highest[（33.82 ±5.80）points],and that of neuroticism was the lowest[（28.78±6.54） points]. The neuroticism was positively correlated with work addiction（r=0.410,P<0.01）,while agreeableness,rigorism,openness and extroversion were negatively correlated with work addiction（r=-0.139,-0.308,-0.430,-0.178,all P<0.01）. After controlling demographic variables,the variation of neuroticism,agreeableness and openness in personality traits to the total score of work addiction increased by 25.6%. Conclusions The nurses in the operating room of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shaanxi Province are in a state of moderate work addiction,and different personality traits have an impact on work addiction. The nursing managers should take targeted measures to intervene in order to reduce their work addiction,so as to ensure the physical and mental health of nurses.

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of nurses KAP of tobacco control in Hainan Province

ZHANG Yannan, ZHANG Caihong, LI Minxiang, GUO Honghua, YANG Jing, XIA Jieqiong

2024, 40(24):  3371-3376. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of nurses' knowledge,attitude and behaviors on tobacco controls in Hainan Province and analyze the impact factors,and to provide scientific and effective suggestions for the improvement and development of tobacco control for nurses. Methods From March to April 2023,668 nurses in Hainan Province were selected as survey participants and surveyed on general information,work stress and nurses' KAP of tobacco control. Results Nurses' tobacco control knowledge score was （33.74±4.96）points,attitude score was （31.57±3.51）points and behavior score was （66.62±19.52）points.Positive predictor variables of nurses' tobacco control KAP were frequency of weekly proactive attention to tobacco control information（β=0.162,P<0.05）,attitudes of other nurses in the department toward tobacco control（β=0.136,P<0.05）,and weekly cessation counseling for patients who smoke（β=0.080,P<0.05）. Negative predictor variables were perceptions of the implementation of tobacco control by nurses（β=-0.134,P<0.05）,whether the hospital has specific requirements for nurses to implement tobacco control（β=-0.134,P<0.05）,and whether they have attended training on tobacco cessation knowledge or methods（β=-0.118,P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses' tobacco control knowledge and behavior in Hainan Province are at a low level,while attitude is at a high level. Tobacco control education for nurses should be strengthened to enhance their awareness of tobacco control,as well as optimize the tobacco control environment and system construction in hospitals,then promote tobacco control behaviors among nurses.

Study on correlation between fear of pain,psychological resilience and quality of work life in medical staff with occupational low back pain in operating room

WANG Yafei, LIANG Huan

2024, 40(24):  3377-3383. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation and correlation of pain fear,psychological resilience and work-related quality of life among medical staff with occupational low back pain in operating room of tertiary hospitals,explore the influence of pain fear and psychological resilience on work-related quality of life. Methods From October to December 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select medical workers with occupational low back pain in the operating room of 10 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province as the survey objects. Totally 237 medical workers with occupational low back pain in the operating room were investigated by the pain fear scale,psychological resilience scale and work-related quality of life scale. Results The scores of pain fear,psychological resilience and work-related quality of life among 237 medical workers with occupational low back pain were （80.19±22.86）,（70.92±20.26） and （86.68±19.14）points,respectively. The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the score of work-related quality of life among operating room medical staff with occupational low back pain of different gender,education level,working years,bending frequency,participation in occupational protection training,acceptance of psychological adjustment training,perception of work pressure and job satisfaction（all P<0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that the work-related quality of life score of medical staff with occupational low back pain in operating room was negatively correlated with the pain fear score（r=-0.206--0.670,all P<0.05）,and positively correlated with psychological resilience score（r=0.241-0.697,all P<0.05）. The multivariate analysis showed that working years,frequency of bending,participation in occupational protection training,perceived work pressure,job satisfaction,total score of pain fear and psychological resilience were the main influencing factors of work-related quality of life of medical staff with occupational low back pain in operating room（all P<0.05）,which explained 80.9% of the total variables. Conclusions The work-related quality of life of medical staff with occupational low back pain in the operating room of tertiary hospitals is poor and affected by many factors. The pain fear and psychological resilience are important influencing factors. The managers should pay attention to the quality of life of medical staff affected by occupational diseases,reduce pain fear,and improve psychological resilience,so as to improve the work-related quality of life of medical staff.

Study on correlation between psychological stress,psychological help-seeking behavior and sleep quality of medical staff in emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospital

ZHANG Yuebing, WANG Ying

2024, 40(24):  3384-3390. 

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Objective To understand the current situation and correlation of psychological stress,psychological help-seeking behavior and sleep quality of medical staff in emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospital,explore the influence of psychological stress and psychological help-seeking behavior on sleep quality. Methods Using the random sampling method,the medical workers in the emergency departments of five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the survey objects from July to August 2023,and 267 emergency department rotating medical workers were investigated by the psychological stress scale,psychological help-seeking behavior scale and sleep quality scale. Results The PSQI score of 267 emergency department medical workers was （8.83±4.37）points,of which 62.17% of emergency medical staff had sleep disorders. The score of psychological stress was （42.29±12.88）points,and the score of psychological help-seeking behavior was （55.70±11.98）points. The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in total score of PSQI among emergency department medical workers with different gender,age,marital status,job category,night shift frequency,weekly working hours,weekly exercise time,perceived work pressure,health status,drinking or not,drinking coffee or not,and job satisfaction. The correlation analysis showed that the sleep quality score of medical staff in emergency department was positively correlated with the psychological stress score（r=0.207-0.653,all P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with the score of psychological help-seeking behavior（r=-0.246-0.637,all P<0.05）. The multivariate analysis showed that night shift frequency,weekly exercise time,perceived work pressure,health status,drinking coffee or not,total score of psychological stress and psychological help-seeking behavior were the main influencing factors of sleep quality of medical staff in emergency department（all P<0.05）,which explained 77.8% of the total variables. Conclusions The sleep quality of medical staff in the emergency department of grade-A tertiary hospital is poor and affected by many factors. The psychological stress and psychological help-seeking behavior are important influencing factors. The hospital managers should pay attention to the physical and mental health of medical staff in emergency department,reduce psychological stress and improve psychological help-seeking behavior,so as to improve the health status of medical staff.

Mediating effect of organizational identity between presenteeism behavior and turnover intention among clinical nurses

HU Hongqin, BAI Jie, LI Wenjun, LI Lianglan

2024, 40(24):  3391-3395. 

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of organizational identity between presenteeism behavior and turnover intention of clinical nurses in Chongqing. Methods From June to August 2023,the questionnaire survey was performed by the general information survey questionnaire,presenteeism behavior scale,organizational identity scale and turnover intention scale among 1 139 clinical nurses from six grade-A tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Chongqing,and the data were analyzed. Results The total scores of clinical nurses' presenteeism behavior,organizational identity and turnover intention were （4.96±1.81）,（30.30±6.92） and （13.37±3.90）points,respectively. The organizational identity was negatively correlated with presenteeism behavior and turnover intention（both P<0.01）,while the presenteeism behavior was positively correlated with turnover intention （P<0.01）. The organizational identity played a partial mediating role in the relationship between clinical nurses' presenteeism behavior and turnover intention,and the mediating effect accounted for 35.00% of the total effect. Conclusions The presenteeism behavior can not only directly affect turnover intention,but also indirectly affect turnover intention through the mediating effect of organizational identity. The hospital managers should take measures corresponding to nurses' presenteeism behavior and organizational identity to reduce their turnover intention.

Analysis on current situation of occupational resilience of oncology nurses in Hefei City and its influence on critical concepts

JIANG Sinian, ZHOU Ju, LI Bing, ZHU Min, LYU Xiaochen

2024, 40(24):  3396-3400. 

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Objective To investigate the current situation of professional resilience of oncology nurses in grade-A tertiary hospital of Hefei City and analyze its influence on critical concepts. Methods From January to June 2023,326 oncology nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospital of Hefei City were investigated by the general data questionnaire,occupational resilience scale and critical concept scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of professional resilience of 326 oncology nurses in Hefei City was （83.12±21.46）points,and the higher and lower dimensional average scores were professional goals and professional emotions,respectively. The total score of critical concept was （289.19±23.65）points,and the higher and lower dimensional average scores were analytical ability and self-confidence,respectively. The professional resilience of oncology nurses was positively correlated with the total score of critical perception and all dimensions（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the professional resilience scores among oncology nurses with different working years,whether teaching or not and the number of night shifts per month（all P<0.05）. The critical concept could explain 34.1% of the occupational resilience scores of oncology nurses（P<0.05）. Conclusions The professional resilience level of oncology nurses in Hefei City needs to be improved. The oncology nurses have positive critical thinking to some extent,and the two influence and depend on each other,which can jointly improve the professional quality of oncology nurses. It is suggested that nursing managers should pay attention to the professional emotional experience of oncology nurses,try to expand the factors that can promote their professional resilience and critical concept,weaken and eliminate the risk factors caused by both,and take targeted intervention measures to jointly improve the occupational health and team construction of oncology nurses,so as to promote the healthy development of oncology nurses.

Mediating effect of leisure crafting on psychological capital and innovative behavior of nurses

LIU Dan, LI Chaofeng, WU Shuang, LIN Min, ZHOU Lihong

2024, 40(24):  3401-3405. 

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Objective To explore the mediating role of leisure crafting in nurses' psychological capital and innovative behavior. Methods Totally 504 nurses from three grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Hunan Province from February to June 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method as the research object. They were investigated by the general data questionnaire,leisure crafting scale,nurses' innovative behavior scale and nurses' psychological capital questionnaire. AMOS 26.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect of leisure crafting on nurses' psychological capital and innovative behavior. Results The score of leisure crafting among 504 nurses was （3.28±0.86）points,the score of innovation behavior was （3.54±0.68）points,and the score of psychological capital was （4.34±0.78）points. The total score of leisure crafting was positively correlated with the total score of psychological capital of nurses and the total score of innovative behavior of nurses（r=0.696,0.365,bpth P<0.01）. The total score of psychological capital of nurses was positively correlated with the total score of innovative behavior（r=0.468,P<0.01）. The leisure crafting played a partially mediating role between nurses' psychological capital and innovative behavior,with the mediating effect accounting for 47.2% of the total effect. Conclusions The situation of leisure crafting,psychological capital and innovative behavior among 504 nurses is better,which are all at the above medium level. The leisure crafting of nurses plays a part of mediating role between nurses' psychological capital and innovative behavior. It is suggested that nursing managers formulate targeted intervention measures to strengthen nurses' emotional management,adjust nurses' psychological state in time,relieve pressure on clinical nursing workers appropriately,arrange work tasks reasonably,guide and support clinical nurses to actively carry out a series of leisure crafting activities,and provide a strong guarantee for nurses to implement innovative behaviors.

Analysis of breast cancer survival rate among population in Yunnan Province

ZHU Yunfang, LIU Yue, YANG Cangjiang, WEN Hongmei, SHI Qingping, CHEN Yang

2024, 40(24):  3406-3410. 

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Objective To understand the survival status of breast cancer in Yunnan Province,provide a reference basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods The breast cancer cases collected from 1974 to 2022 in the tumor registration area of Yunnan Province were used as the study population,the survival rates were calculated using the life table method and Kaplan-Maier method,the Cox regression was used for multifactor analysis,and the influence of relevant demographic and disease status characteristics on breast cancer survival was explored. Results A total of 36 058 patients with breast cancer in Yunnan Province were included,the age of patients[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 51（44,59）years old,the age group of 45-<55 years had the highest number of patients（12 962 cases,37.50%）,and the age group of ≥75 years had the lowest number of patients（1 797 cases,5.00%）. There were 7 813（21.70%） deaths from breast cancer,535 in males and 7 448 in females. The median survival time was 256 months. 1,3 and 5 year survival rates were 85.00%,78.00% and 73.00%,respectively,with females having overall higher survival rates（85.00%,78.00% and 74.00%） than males（68.00%,60.00% and 57.00%）. 1,3 and 5 year survival rates in urban area were 85.00%,78.00% and 74.00%,respectively,while those in rural area were 85.00%,78.00% and 72.00%,respectively,and survival rate decreased with increasing age. Conclusions The survival rate of breast cancer in Yunnan Province in 2022 is lower than the national average. Although the survival of breast cancer patients in Yunnan Province has improved,the survival rate is still low compared with that in economically developed regions of China. The early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment is an effective method to improve the survival rate of breast cancer,and it is necessary to further strengthen the prevention and control of breast cancer according to the morbidity and survival characteristics of Yunnan Province.

Analysis on surveillance data of notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Nanjing from 2004 to 2022

TIAN Mengyuan, WU Xiaoqing, MA Tao, SU Jingjing, HU Yang, DING Songning

2024, 40(24):  3411-3415. 

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Objective To understand the incidence and trend of notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Nanjing,and to provide reference for prevention and control of infectious diseases in children. Methods Descriptive epidemiology and Joinpoint regression were used to analyze the notifiable infectious diseases surveillance data of children under 15 years old in Nanjing from 2004 to 2022. Results From 2004 to 2022,a total of 287 666 cases of 25 notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old were reported in Nanjing,with an annual incidence of 1 074.88/100 000,showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The number of enteric infectious diseases was the largest,with a incidence rate of 1 495.57/100 000,showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,mainly hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea.The second was respiratory infectious diseases,the incidence rate was 203.37/100 000,showing a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,mainly mumps and influenza.The incidence of blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases was 5.67/100 000,showing a trend of decreasing,mainly syphilis and gonorrhea. The peak incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in children under 15 years old in Nanjing from 2004 to 2022 was from May to July in summer and from November to December in winter.The incidence was higher in boys than in girls.The incidence of enteric infectious diseases was mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old,and the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases was mainly concentrated in children aged≥5 years old. Conclusion From 2004 to 2022,the reported incidence of notifiable infectious diseases among children under 15 years old showed a decreasing trend in general.Children are a key population for the prevention and control of infectious diseases,the surveillance of hand-foot-mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea and mumps should be strengthened,and targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to the characteristics of different diseases.

Time series analysis of air pollutants O₃ and PM_2.5 on outpatient visits of respiratory system in a city of southern Jiangsu

YI Renling, CHEN Zhiyong, WANG Ke, CHEN Xiaoyue

2024, 40(24):  3416-3421. 

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Objective To investigate the relationship between air pollutants,including ozone（O₃） and fine particulate matter（PM_2.5） and outpatient visits of respiratory system. Methods The air pollution data from 12 environmental monitoring points in a city of southern Jiangsu from 2021 to 2022,meteorological data during the same period and daily respiratory outpatient data from six monitoring hospitals were collected. A generalized additive model was used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between O₃ and PM_2.5 exposure and respiratory outpatient visits. Results In a city in southern Jiangsu,the average daily outpatient visits of children and adults with respiratory system in 2021 and 2022 were 1 246 and 433,respectively. The O_{3-8 h} average concentration was 109.39 μg/m³,and the average daily concentration of PM_2.5 was 35.15 μg/m³. The single-pollutant model showed that the respiratory outpatient visits in children and adults increased by 0.35%（95%CI：0.26%-0.45%） and 0.81%（95%CI：0.64%-0.98%）for every 10 μg/m³ increase in O₃（Lag03）. However,for every 10 μg/m³ increase of PM_2.5（Lag07）,the number of respiratory outpatient visits in children and adults increased by 8.13%（95%CI：7.88%-8.39%） and 6.46%（95%CI：6.06%-6.87%）,respectively.The multi-pollutant model showed that O₃ alone introduced NO₂ and simultaneously introduced SO₂,NO₂,CO and PM₁₀ increased the risk of excess respiratory outpatient visits in both children and adults. When SO₂,NO₂,CO and PM₁₀ were introduced separately and simultaneously with PM_2.5,the risk of excess respiratory outpatient visits was reduced in both children and adults. Conclusion There was a positive correlation between the increase of atmospheric O₃ and PM_2.5 concentration and the outpatient visits of respiratory system,and children were more sensitive to the increase of PM_2.5 concentration.

Chain mediated effect of perceived social support and self-perception on physical exercise and academic emotion of junior high school students in Gansu Province

XIA Qifei, LIU Qi, QIN Guoyou

2024, 40(24):  3422-3426. 

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Objective To investigate the chain mediating role of perceived social support and self-perception in the relationship between physical exercise and academic emotion among junior high school students in Gansu Province. Methods From September to December 2021,457 junior high school students in three junior high schools in Gansu Province were surveyed using the physical activity rating scale,the perceived social support scale,the self-perception scale,and the adolescent academic emotion questionnaire,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of physical exercise,perceived social support,self-perception and academic emotion among 457 junior high school students in Gansu Province were （17.04±7.68）,（62.85±13.13）,（76.02±11.59）,（27.26±4.25） and （14.51±4.20）points,respectively. The physical exercise was positively correlated with perceived social support,self-perception,and academic happiness（r=0.21,0.23,0.39,all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with academic anxiety （r=-0.40,P<0.01）. The perceived social support was positively correlated with self-perception and academic happiness（r=0.19,0.50,both P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with academic anxiety（r=-0.47,P<0.01）. The self-perception was positively correlated with academic happiness（r=0.39,P<0.01） and negatively correlated with academic anxiety（r=-0.39,P<0.01）. The chain mediating effect of perceived social support and self-perception on physical exercise and academic happiness was significant,with a chain mediating effect of 0.005,and the chain mediating effect of perceived social support and self-perception on physical exercise and academic anxiety was significant,with a chain mediating effect of -0.005. Conclusion The physical exercise can not only directly affect academic happiness and anxiety in junior high school students,but also indirectly affect academic happiness and anxiety through the mediating role of social support and self-perception alone,as well as the mediating effect of chains.

Analysis on emergency response ability and educational demand of military medical students in public health emergencies

WANG Shuqi, ZHOU Jiaxin, SHI Ruijie

2024, 40(24):  3427-3431. 

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Objective To understand the current situation and educational demand of military medical students' emergency response ability to public health emergencies,provide theoretical basis for further improving the emergency response level of military medical students. Methods From November 2022 to April 2023,239 medical students of military school were collected by the convenience sampling,investigated by means of questionnaire star/field survey with the general data questionnaire,basic knowledge of public health emergencies and training needs questionnaire,and emergency response capacity questionnaire,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of emergency ability in military medical students was （73.72±15.85）points,among which the score of emergency knowledge,first aid ability,comprehensive ability and emergency consciousness was （3.23±0.94）,（3.75±0.68）,（3.48±0.82） and （3.75±0.94）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of military medical students' emergency ability among different grades,family places of residence,whether they knew "public health emergencies",whether they had participated in emergency medicine lectures and training,and whether they had participated in free clinic activities（all P<0.05）. Among them,grade,family residence,whether they participated in emergency medicine lectures and training,and whether they participated in free clinic activities entered the regression equation（all P<0.05）. The main ways for military medical students to acquire knowledge of public health emergencies were through the internet,television and radio. Conclusions The overall emergency response capability of military medical students in public health emergencies is at a moderate level. According to the knowledge needs of medical students,the military schools should effectively improve the ability of medical students to cope with public health emergencies by adding military emergency rescue courses,setting up emergency drills in daily physical training,holding emergency medicine lectures and other measures.

Effectiveness and safety of EV-A71 vaccine in children：A meta-analysis

ZHAO Xiaoli, GAO Jingying, QIANG Yuehua, XING Yanbo, SHANG Mingyu

2024, 40(24):  3432-3436. 

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Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of enterovirus A71（EV-A71） vaccine in children through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods A comprehensive search for relevant randomized controlled trials（RCTs） was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,and Web of Science databases. The literature published at home and abroad since the establishment of the database until September 2023 was collected. All data were summarized using RevMan 5.3 statistical software,and risk ratios （RR） and their 95% confidence intervals were used as effect sizes. Results Six RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the vaccine group had a higher prevention rate of EV-A71-related diseases than the placebo group（RR=0.08,95%CI：0.03-0.21,P<0.01）,with a protection effect of 92%（95%CI：79%-97%）. The vaccine group had a higher prevention rate of hospitalization for EV-A71-related diseases than the placebo group（RR=0.04,95%CI：0.01-0.20,P<0.01）,with a protection effect of 96%（95%CI：80%-99%）. The vaccine group had a higher prevention rate of developing serious complications than the placebo group（RR=0.12,95%CI：0.02-0.65,P<0.05）,with a protection effect of 88%（95%CI：35%-98%）. In the vaccine safety analysis,except for the incidence rates of irritability,drowsiness,weakness and tertiary diarrhea were higher in the vaccine group than in the placebo group,there was no significant difference in other adverse reactions,and most of them were transient and had a good prognosis. Conclusion The EV-A71 vaccine is effective in the prevention of hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD） due to EV-A71 infection,as well as in the prevention of hospitalization and the occurrence of serious complications,while having a high safety profile.

Overview

Analysis on therapeutic effect of whole-lung lavage on pneumoconiosis from different perspectives

LIU Meng, KONG Xiaomei

2024, 40(24):  3437-3440. 

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Pneumoconiosis is the most widely affected and hazardous occupational disease in China. Pneumoconiosis is a systemic disease caused by coal miners inhaling silica,coal dust,or other dust for a long time during occupational activities and storing them in the lungs,which stimulates alveolar macrophages to release inflammatory factors,leading to alveolar inflammation and causing diffuse and progressive fibrosis of lung tissue. Whole-lung lavage（WLL） is a widely used treatment for patients with pneumoconiosis,with proven clinical efficacy and safety. This article will review the changes in lung function,clinical symptoms and quality of life,imaging manifestations,arterial blood gas analysis,and inflammatory factors in patients with pneumoconiosis before and after WLL treatment,and analyze the therapeutic effect of WLL on pneumoconiosis.

Research progress on adolescent psychological resilience in relation to family factors and childhood trauma

WU Yuting, HAO Wanting, LIU Fang, ZHANG Yao

2024, 40(24):  3441-3446. 

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Adolescence is a crucial period in a person's growth process,during which they experience many physical and psychological changes,while also needing to cope with various challenges and pressures in the external environment. Psychological resilience is a key psychological trait that can help adolescents cope with adversity,overcome difficulties,adapt to changes,and achieve personal growth. This article aims to review the relationship between psychological resilience and family factors,childhood trauma,and how to improve adolescent psychological resilience to promote their mental health and development.

Research status of countermeasures for mental fatigue

YAN Yunyun, LU Fengda, ZHOU Dan, GUO Yi

2024, 40(24):  3447-3451. 

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The mental fatigue is an unhealthy state that is widespread but not yet taken seriously enough. The main manifestations are lack of concentration and decreased alertness. To prevent mental fatigue from harming people's production and life,scholars have conducted research on mental fatigue. However,due to the great subjectivity of mental fatigue and its mechanism is not clear,the current confrontation measures are not the same. This paper reviews the existing mental fatigue countermeasures,which are mainly divided into two categories：supplements and non-supplements,explore and analyze the effects and application characteristics of various countermeasures on mental fatigue,in order to provide the reference for related research.

Introduction to application of drugs for anti-pneumoconiosis with pulmonary fibrosis

ZHAO Ming, CAO Yanmei, KONG Yulin

2024, 40(24):  3452-3456. 

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Pneumoconiosis is a systemic disease mainly caused by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue due to long-term inhalation of productive dust in occupational activities and retention in the lungs. Pneumoconiosis with pulmonary fibrosis are caused by the induction of a series of complex reactions after inhalation of dust,resulting in irreversible aggregation and an increase of fibers. At present,there are no special drugs capable of reversing pulmonary fibrosis and curing pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis with pulmonary fibrosis not only imposes a huge physiological and psychological burden on patients,but also a significant economic burden. Therefore,the method of anti-pneumoconiosis with pulmonary fibrosis has become a major breakthrough point in the treatment of pneumoconiosis.This article aims to provide relevant reference materials for the clinical treatment and drug development of anti-pneumoconiosis with pulmonary fibrosis by reviewing relevant drug literature.