西部地区12所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士心理韧性、同情疲劳对离职意愿的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查西部地区12所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士心理韧性、同情疲劳与离职意愿现状,探讨影响肿瘤科护士离职意愿的危险因素。方法采用方便抽样法,于2022年4—5月采用心理韧性量表、同情疲劳量表、离职意愿量表对西部地区12所三级甲等医院286名肿瘤科护士进行调查。采用AMOS 24.0进行中介效应分析。结果三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士心理韧性得分为（61.32±12.17）分,同情疲劳得分为（55.96±10.14）分,离职意愿得分为（11.03±3.94）分。单因素分析显示,不同性别、婚姻状况、文化水平、职称、肿瘤科工作工龄、健康状况、对护理专业的态度特征的肿瘤科护士心理韧性、同情疲劳与离职意愿得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。相关性分析显示,心理韧性总分及各维度得分与离职意愿总分及各维度得分均呈负相关（r=-0197~-0.597,均P<0.05）,心理韧性总分及各维度得分与同情疲劳总分及各维度得分均呈负相关（r=-0.205~-0.558,均P<0.05）,同情疲劳总分及各维度得分与离职意愿总分及各维度得分均呈正相关（r=0.167~0.445,均P<0.05）。中介效应分析显示,同情疲劳在肿瘤科护士心理韧性与离职意愿中有部分中介作用（β=0.286,P<0.01）,中介效应占总效应的21.35%。结论西部地区12所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士离职意愿问题突出,其中心理韧性是其保护因素。护理管理者应根据影响因素采取针对性干预策略,提升肿瘤科护士心理韧性,降低同情疲劳,以促使其身心功能健康,降低离职意愿。

关键词: 肿瘤科护士, 离职意愿, 心理韧性, 同情疲劳, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China,explore the risk factors of turnover intention in oncology nurses. Methods Using convenience sampling method,286 oncology nurses from 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China were investigated with psychological resilience scale,compassion fatigue scale and turnover intention scale from April to May 2022.The mediating effect was analyzed by AMO 24.0. Results The scores of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention of nurses in the oncology department of grade-A tertiary hospitals were （61.32±12.17）,（55.96±10.14） and （11.03±3.94）points,respectively.The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological resilience,compassion fatigue and turnover intention among oncology nurses with different gender,marital status,educational level,professional title,length of service in oncology department,health status,and attitude towards nursing（all P<0.05）.The correlation analysis showed that the total score of psychological resilience and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of turnover intention and the scores of each dimension（r=-0197--0.597,all P<0.05）,the total score and each dimension score of psychological resilience were negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of compassion fatigue（r=-0.205--0.558,all P<0.05）,and the total score of compassion fatigue and the scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score of turnover intention and the scores of each dimension（r=0.167-0.445,all P<0.05）.The mediating effect analysis showed that compassion fatigue had a partial mediating effect on the psychological resilience and turnover intention of oncology nurses（β=0.286,P<0.01）,and the mediating effect accounted for 21.35% of the total effect.Conclusions The turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China is prominent,and the psychological resilience is the protective factor.The nursing managers should take targeted intervention strategies according to the influencing factors to improve the psychological resilience of oncology nurses and reduce compassion fatigue,so as to promote their physical and mental health and reduce turnover intention.

Key words: Oncology nurses, Turnover intention, Psychological resilience, Compassion fatigue, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

肖开美, 罗溪, 魏军. 西部地区12所三级甲等医院肿瘤科护士心理韧性、同情疲劳对离职意愿的影响. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(14): 1935-1939.

XIAO Kaimei, LUO Xi, WEI Jun. Study on effect of psychological resilience and compassion fatigue on turnover intention of oncology nurses in 12 grade-A tertiary hospitals in western China. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(14): 1935-1939.

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