关键词: 市售蔬菜, 检测, 烟碱类农药

Abstract: Objective To understand the status of nicotine pesticide residues in commercial vegetables in Hainan Province and assess dietary exposure. Methods In 2022,122 vegetable samples of 7 major categories and 20 fine categories were collected from 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province. The residues of 10 nicotinic pesticides in vegetables were determined,and short-term and long-term dietary exposure assessments were conducted for adults. Results The detection rate of nicotine pesticide residues in 122 commercial vegetables in Hainan Province was 30.3%. Six types of nicotine pesticide residues were detected,among which thiamethoxam,the highest detection rate,contaminated four major categories of vegetables and eight fine categories of vegetables,the acetamiprid was detected in 1 cowpea sample that exceeded the national standard limit,while the remaining 121 vegetable samples were below the national permitted limit. Four pesticides,including thiacloprid,imidacloprid,paichongding and cycloxaprid,were not detected. The sequence of the detection rates of nicotinic pesticides in seven major categories of vegetables was as follows：eggplant fruits>leafy vegetables>bulbs>melons and fruits>fresh legumes>brassica>tubers. The detection rate of eggplant fruits was 60.0%,with five types of nicotine pesticides detected. A maximum of three types of nicotine pesticides were detected in a single eggplant fruits sample. No nicotine pesticides were detected in seven fine categories of vegetables,including kidney beans,spinach,celery,yams,broccoli,crowndaisy chrysanthemum,and cabbage. In 18 cities and counties,the detection rate of nicotinic pesticide residues in vegetables from Wuzhishan City,Dongfang City,and Haikou City was greater than 60.0%,and no nicotine pesticide residues were detected in Lingao County and Sanya City. The acute dietary exposure value in adults was 0.066 3%-29.7%,and the chronic dietary exposure value was 0.431%-1.990%,and the cumulative exposure assessment has a value of 0.058 3. Conclusion There are nicotine pesticide residues in vegetables in Hainan Province in 2022,and the risk of acute and chronic dietary exposure is low,however,it is necessary to continue to monitor nicotine pesticide residues in vegetables.

Key words: Commercial vegetables, Detection, Nicotine pesticides