中学生对宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗认知现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 525-530.

中学生对宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗认知现状及影响因素分析

陈晨¹, 罗冬梅², 顾晓芬²

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院学生工作办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2022-07-01 修回日期:2022-07-11 发布日期:2026-03-02
通信作者: 顾晓芬,副教授,E-mail：357539328@qq.com
作者简介:陈晨,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为肿瘤流行病学。
基金资助:
中国医学科学院（北京协和医学院）横向课题[医科公卫（2019）-13]

Analysis on awareness and influencing factors of cervical cancer,HPV and HPV vaccine among middle school students

CHEN Chen¹, LUO Dong-mei², GU Xiao-fen²

1. School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011,China;
2. Department of Student Affairs,Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011,China

Received:2022-07-01 Revised:2022-07-11 Published:2026-03-02
Contact: GU Xiao-fen,Associate professor,E-mail：357539328@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的通过问卷调查,了解新疆中学生对宫颈癌、人乳头瘤病毒（human papiiiomavirus,HPV）的认知,及对HPV疫苗的接受情况,并分析影响因素,为制定健康教育方式,推广HPV疫苗接种提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样选取乌鲁木齐市和伊犁州初一至高三年级415名中学生,以自制问卷《宫颈癌、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）及HPV疫苗认知调查表-中学生》进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 415名中学生对宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗的知晓率分别为51.33%、11.33%和20.48%,有意愿接种HPV疫苗的人占调查人数的82.89%。影响宫颈癌知晓率的主要因素是母亲的文化程度,与对照组相比,母亲文化程度为大专及以上者其对宫颈癌的知晓情况最好（χ²==8.846,P=0.003,OR=3.367）;影响HPV疫苗接种意愿的因素主要为年龄和民族,与对照组相比,15~<17岁和17~<19岁组为HPV疫苗接种意愿的危险因素（OR=6.098、6.596）,其他民族为HPV疫苗接种意愿的保护性因素（χ²=6.794,P=0.009,OR=0.482）。结论新疆乌鲁木齐市和伊犁州中学生宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗的认知水平较低且存在差异,但HPV疫苗接种意愿相对较高。应将HPV及HPV疫苗相关知识纳入以学校为基础的健康教育,提高HPV疫苗接种率,从而有效推动WHO提出的"2030年消除宫颈癌"计划。

关键词: 中学生, 人乳头瘤病毒, 疫苗, 认知

Abstract: Objective To understand the awareness of cervical cancer and human papiiiomavirus（HPV）,and the acceptance of HPV vaccine among middle school students in Xinjiang through questionnaire survey,and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for formulating health education methods and promoting HPV vaccination. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 415 students from the first grade of junior high school to the third grade of senior high school in Urumqi and Ili Prefecture,the students were investigated by the self-made questionnaire Cervical Cancer,Human Papillomavirus （HPV） and HPV Vaccine Awareness Questionnaire-Middle School Students,and the data were analyzed. Results The awareness rate of cervical cancer,HPV and HPV vaccine among 415 middle school students was 51.33%,11.33% and 20.48%,respectively. 82.89% of the respondents were willing to get HPV vaccine. The main factor affecting the awareness rate of cervical cancer was the mother's education level. Compared with the control group,the awareness of cervical cancer in the students whose mothers had college level or above was the highest（χ²=8.846,P=0.003,OR=3.367）. The main factors affecting the willingness to vaccinate HPV vaccine were age and nationality. Compared with the control group,the age groups of 15-<17 and 17-<19 years old were the risk factors of HPV vaccination willingness（OR=6.098,6.596）,and the other ethnic group was the protective factor（χ²=6.794,P=0.009,OR=0.482）. Conclusions The awareness of cervical cancer,HPV and HPV vaccine among middle school students in Urumqi and Ili Prefecture of Xinjiang is low and varied,but the willingness to get HPV vaccine is relatively high. HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge should be included in school-based health education,HPV vaccination coverage should be increased,so as to effectively promote the WHO plan of "elimination of cervical cancer by 2030".

Key words: Middle school students, Human Papillomavirus, Vaccine, Awareness

中图分类号:

R193

陈晨, 罗冬梅, 顾晓芬. 中学生对宫颈癌、HPV及HPV疫苗认知现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(4): 525-530.

CHEN Chen, LUO Dong-mei, GU Xiao-fen. Analysis on awareness and influencing factors of cervical cancer,HPV and HPV vaccine among middle school students. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(4): 525-530.

参考文献

[1] 李道娟,师金,靳晶,等.宫颈癌的流行病学趋势[J].中华肿瘤杂志,2021,43(9):912-916.
[2] WHO.Global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem[R].World Health Origainzation,2020.
[3] REMSCHMIDT C,WALTER D,SCHMICH P,et al.Knowledge,attitude,and uptake related to human papillomavirus vaccination among young women in Germany recruited via a social media site[J].Hum Vaccin Immunother,2014,10(9):2527-2535.
[4] GRIGORE M,TELEMAN S I,PRISTAVU A,et al.Awareness and knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine among romanian women[J].J Cancer Educ,2018,33(1):154-159.
[5] CHAWLA PC,CHAWLA A,CHAUDHARY S.Knowledge,attitude & practice on human papillomavirus vaccination:A cross-sectional study among healthcare providers[J].Indian J Med Res,2016,144(5):741-749.
[6] 吴彦,考庆君,宋姝娟,等.杭州市大学生对人乳头状瘤病毒感染的认知及疫苗接种意愿[J].国际流行病学传染病学杂志,2021,48(3):231-236.
[7] 陈慧,张荣,刘春容,等.我国西部地区城市和农村中学生对人乳头瘤病毒及其预防性疫苗的认知及态度调查[J].现代预防医学,2020,47(13):2400-2404.
[8] 吕艺,张馨予,马云丽,等.2013—2017年沈阳市城乡居民宫颈癌发病和死亡趋势分析[J].预防医学,2021,33(10):1071-1073.
[9] 赵琛,宋淑芳.我国宫颈癌流行病学及病因学的研究[J].医学信息,2021,34(5):6-8.
[10] 中华预防医学会.预防接种知情告知专家共识(下)[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2021,27(3):328-360.
[11] 裴志飞,白玛求措,毕蕙.青海高海拔地区女性对HPV和HPV疫苗的认知情况[J].中国妇幼保健,2022,37(4):688-691.
[12] MARLOW L A,ZIMET G D,MCCAKKERY K J,et al.Knowledge of human papillomavirus(HPV) and HPV vaccination:An international comparison[J].Vaccine,2013,31(5):763-769.
[13] 吴志芳,钱晓华,胡家瑜.某镇小学女生母亲对人乳头瘤病毒及其疫苗认知调查[J].健康教育与健康促进,2021,16(6):577-581.
[14] GREWAL R,DEEKS S L,HART T A,et al.Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among a community-recruited sample of gay,bisexual,and other men who have sex with men in the three largest cities in Canada from 2017 to 2019[J].Vaccine,2021,39(28):3756-3766.
[15] DENG C,CHEN X,LIU Y.Human papillomavirus vaccination:coverage rate,knowledge,acceptance,and associated factors in college students in mainland China[J].Hum Vaccin Immunother,2021,17(3):828-835.
[16] 陆瑾,牟文,周文瑜,等.上海市大学生、政府人员和医务人员人乳头瘤病毒疫苗认知及态度调查[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(1):70-75.
[17] 贾鑫华,许琪,杨红,等.赣州市女大学生对HPV及其疫苗的认知情况与接种意愿调查分析[J].实用临床医学,2019,20(3):86-90,102.
[18] 朱羚.网络媒体对高校学生行为的影响及应对措施[J].淮海工学院学报(人文社会科学版),2016,14(12):120-123.
[19] 李骥,李长华,李建康.淮安地区20岁以下女性HPV疫苗接种情况及认知度调查[J].实用预防医学,2022,29(1):102-105.
[20] 董天策,杨龙梦珏.健康风险认知中的“女孩疫苗”话语—基于对知乎HPV疫苗话题讨论的幻想主题分析[J].现代传播(中国传媒大学学报),2021,43(10):39-45+52.
[21] 林梦,张天.北京市医务人员对HPV及其疫苗知信行现状的调查研究[J].实用预防医学,2020,27(6):734-736.
[22] 柳画云,陆琳,吴晓璇,等.知识转化循证实践模式在HPV疫苗适用人群健康教育中的应用[J].护理实践与研究,2021,18(14):2200-2205.
[23] 俞顺章,郑莹.上海市将响应世界卫生组织号召加速消除宫颈癌[J].上海预防医学,2021,33(7):656-658.
[24] 潘锋.推进三级预防策略,推动《加速消除宫颈癌全球战略》[J].中国当代医药,2021,28(7):1-3.
[25] 林丹儿,黄勇,李伟南,等.广州市白云区适龄女性HPV疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2021,37(6):774-777,782.