关键词: 尘肺病, 随访, 回顾性调查

Abstract: Objective To understand the survival,death and guaranteed enjoyment of occupational pneumoconiosis（hereinafter referred to as pneumoconiosis） in Luzhou City,provide a scientific basis for the local formulation of pneumoconiosis prevention and rescue policies. Methods The basic data of pneumoconiosis in Luzhou City reported in 2006-2020 were derived from the national occupational disease and occupational health hazard factor monitoring information system and occupational health information monitoring system,the investigation was conducted according to the technical scheme of follow-up investigation of pneumoconiosis,and the database was established in Excel for description and analysis. Results A total of 2 691 pneumoconiosis patients were investigated,of which 2 259 were coal workers' pneumoconiosis（83.95%）,and 2 388 cases were in phaseⅠ（88.74%）,with a high proportion of men（2 687 cases,99.85%）. There were 236 death cases,all of them are male,and case fatality rate was 8.87%. Among different diseases and stages,the mortality of silicosis was 20.69%,and that of the stage Ⅲ was 32.79%,which both were at the first place,and the average age of death was （61.68 ±10.35）years old. The top three causes of death were pneumoconiosis, other diseases and accident,and lung cancer. The cases died from respiratory-related diseases accounted for 44.49% of total deaths. There were 2 455 cases survived,including 2 451 males（99.84%）,2 086 cases in phaseⅠ（84.97%）,2 109 cases of coal worker's pneumoconiosis（85.91%） and 322 cases of silicosis（13.12%）. The average age of surviving pneumoconiosis patients was （57.16±7.42）years old,most of which were distributed in Luxian County,Gulin County and Xuyong County. The employers were mainly concentrated in the mining industry and small and micro private enterprises. 1 197 cases of surviving pneumoconiosis patients enjoyed industrial injury insurance（48.76%）,1 910 cases enjoyed basic medical insurance（77.80%）,and 273 cases did not enjoy any insurance（11.12%）. Conclusions Through investigation and follow-up,the present situation and distribution of pneumoconiosis patients in Luzhou City are basically understood. Pneumoconiosis prevention and control should not only strengthen hazard source prevention and control,but also carry out the comprehensive measures,conduct multi-channel and multi-department interaction,expand pneumoconiosis patient protection coverage,focus on pneumoconiosis health management,promote construction of pneumoconiosis rehabilitation station,and improve pneumoconiosis hierarchical diagnosis and treatment service system. Multiple departments work together to jointly manage and fulfill their respective duties to effectively protect the occupational health rights and interests of workers.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, Follow-up, Retrospective survey