职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1030-1034.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

武汉市2387名放射工作人员外周血细胞辐射效应分析

闵之藤1, 石梦蝶2, 殷文军1, 梁娇君1, 易桂林1, 陈振龙1   

  1. 1.武汉市职业病防治院职业卫生科,湖北 武汉 430015;
    2.武汉市疾病预防控制中心环境健康与食品安全所,湖北 武汉 430024
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-27 修回日期:2022-12-06 发布日期:2026-03-11
  • 通信作者: 陈振龙,主任医师,E-mail:77785338@qq.com
  • 作者简介:闵之藤,男,副主任医师,主要从事放射卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    武汉科技大学职业危害识别与控制湖北省重点实验室项目(OHIC2018Y04); 武汉市卫生计生委指导项目(S201803030018)

Analysis on radiation effects of peripheral blood cells in 2 387 radiological workers in Wuhan City

MIN Zhi-teng1, SHI Meng-die2, YIN Wen-jun1, LIANG Jiao-jun1, YI Gui-lin1, CHEN Zhen-long1   

  1. 1. Occupational Health Department,Wuhan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Wuhan Hubei 430015,China;
    2. Environmental Health and Food Safety Institute,Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhan Hubei 430024,China
  • Received:2022-07-27 Revised:2022-12-06 Published:2026-03-11
  • Contact: CHEN Zhen-long,Chief physician,E-mail:77785338@qq.com

摘要: 目的 分析武汉市2021年部分放射工作人员职业健康检查情况,找寻职业病防治对策。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2021年1月1日—12月31日在武汉市职业病防治院进行在岗期间和离岗时放射工作人员职业健康检查的238家机构的2 387名工作人员作为研究对象,将其做为放射组,并按照性别、年龄、工龄、工种细分组,同时选取614名非放射接触人员作为对照组,分析不同组别外周血细胞和淋巴微核情况。结果 与对照组比较,放射组血小板(platelet,PLT)计数下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),淋巴微核检出率21.87%和异常率0.08%,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);性别间比较,男性白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)计数、淋巴细胞(lymphocyte,L)计数、嗜中性粒细胞(neutrophilic granulocyte,NE)计数、红细胞(red blood cell,RBC)计数、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)水平和Hb、RBC异常率高于女性,女性PLT计数和WBC、NE、PLT异常率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);年龄间比较,PLT、RBC计数有随年龄增长而下降的趋势,WBC异常率有随年龄增长而升高的趋势,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);工龄间比较,WBC、NE计数、Hb水平、WBC、淋巴微核异常率和淋巴微核检出率均有随工龄增长而升高的趋势;工种间比较,医疗组WBC、L、NE、PLT、WBC计数、Hb水平、Hb异常率、淋巴微核检出率高于工业组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 武汉市放射工作人员总体放射防护水平较好,但医疗放射人员防护仍需加强,长期低水平电离辐射对放射工作人员外周血仍有一定损伤。

关键词: 放射工作人员, 外周血细胞, 医疗, 工业, 辐射效应

Abstract: Objective To analyze the situation of occupational health examination of someradiological workers in Wuhan City in 2021,find out the prevention and control countermeasures of occupational diseases. Methods Using the convenience sampling method,2 387 radiological workers from 238 institutions who underwent on-duty and off-duty occupational health examination during and after work in the Wuhan Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital from January 1 to December 31,2021 were selected as the radiation group,and divided into subgroups according to gender,age,length of service and type of work. At the same time,614 non-radiation exposure workers were selected as the control group. The peripheral blood cells and lymphocyte micronucleus of different groups were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group,the platelet(PLT) count in the radiation group was decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the differences in detection rate(21.87%) and abnormal rate(0.08%) of lymphocyte micronucleus were not statistically significant(all P>0.05). The white blood cell(WBC) count,lymphocyte(L) count,neutrophilic granulocyte(NE) count,ed blood cell(RBC) count,hemoglobin(Hb) level and the abnormal rates of Hb and RBC in males were higher than those in females,while PLT count and the abnormal rates of WBC,NE and PLT in females were higher than those in males,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The PLT count and RBC count decreased with age,while the abnormal rate of WBC increased with age,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The WBC count,NE count,Hb level,abnormal rates of WBC and lymphoid micronucleus and detection rate of lymphoid micronucleus increased with the increase of working age. The WBC count,L count,NE count,PLT count,WBC count,Hb level,abnormal rate of Hb and detection rate of lymphatic micronucleus in medical group were higher than those in industrial group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusion The radiation protection level of radiation workers in Wuhan City is good in general,but the protection of medical radiation workers still needs to be strengthened,and long-term low-level ionizing radiation has some damage to the peripheral blood of radiation workers.

Key words: Radiation workers, Peripheral blood cells, Medical care, Industry, Radiation effects

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