2011—2021年凉山州木里县法定传染病疫情分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解2011—2021年凉山州木里藏族自治县（简称木里县）法定传染病的发病和死亡情况,分析传染病疫情流行情况,为制定传染病防治策略提供参考依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统中的提取2011—2021年凉山州木里县法定传染病监测数据,并对数据进行分析。结果 2011—2021年凉山州木里县甲乙丙类传染病共报告22种6 175例,死亡19例,无甲类传染病报告。年平均发病率为421.16/10万,年平均死亡率为1.30/10万。法定传染病总发病率呈波动上升趋势（χ²_趋势=803.92,P<0.01）。县城及周边乡镇,夏季,农民、儿童和学生,婴幼儿传染病高发。乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）、肺结核、痢疾、流行性腮腺炎、手足口病高发。乙肝、肺结核和手足口病报告发病例数呈上升特征。肠道类传染病占比呈逐年降低趋势（χ²_趋势=191.55,P<0.01）,血源及性传播类传染病占比呈逐年增高趋势（χ²_趋势=350.40,P<0.01）。结论 2011—2021年凉山州木里县法定传染病的发病和死亡情况不容忽视,应加强重点季节、重点地区、重点人群和重点传染病防控,加大宣传教育力度,提高疫苗接种率,提高居民防病意识,努力将木里县传染病控制在更低水平。

关键词: 法定传染病, 疫情, 流行特征

Abstract: Objective To understand the incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County（Muli County） of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011 to 2021,analyzed the epidemic situation of infectious diseases,and provide scientific basis for formulating infectious disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The monitoring data of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County were extracted from the infectious disease report information management system of China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and the data were analyzed. Results From 2011 to 2021,a total of 22 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Muli County,including 6 175 cases and 19 deaths,and no class A infectious diseases were reported. The average annual incidence rate was 421.16/100 000,and the average annual mortality rate was 1.30/100 000. The total incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases showed fluctuating upward trend（χ²_trend=803.92,P<0.01）. In the county and surrounding towns,farmers,children,students and infants had a high incidence of infectious diseases in summer. The incidence rates of hepatitis B,tuberculosis,dysentery,mumps and hand,foot and mouth disease were higher. The number of reported cases of hepatitis B,tuberculosis and hand,foot and mouth disease was on the rise. The proportion of intestinal infectious diseases decreased year by year（χ²_trend=191.55,P<0.01）,and the proportion of blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases increased year by year（χ²_trend=350.40,P<0.01）. Conclusion The incidence and death of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011-2021 cannot be ignored,and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of key season,key areas,key populations and key infectious diseases,strengthen publicity and education,improve the vaccination rate,improve residents' awareness of disease prevention,and strive to control infectious diseases in Muli County at a lower level.

Key words: Notifiable infectious disease, Epidemic, Epidemic characteristics

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

刘慧, 杨伟, 卿孝勇, 吉布则勒莫, 杨文兰, 龚乔多吉. 2011—2021年凉山州木里县法定传染病疫情分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(9): 1215-1221.

LIU Hui, YANG wei, QING Xiao-yong, JI Bu-ze-le-mo, YANG Wen-lan, GONG Qiao-duo-ji. Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Muli County of Liangshan Prefecture from 2011-2021. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(9): 1215-1221.

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