2020年包头市大气颗粒物PM2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征及健康风险评估

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 229-234.

2020年包头市大气颗粒物PM_2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征及健康风险评估

贾艳丰^1,2, 杨天智¹, 王丽¹, 李峰³, 高艳荣¹

1.内蒙古科技大学包头医学院公共卫生学院,内蒙古包头 014060;
2.赤峰市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,内蒙古赤峰 024000;
3.内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院感染管理科,内蒙古包头 014060

收稿日期:2023-06-09 修回日期:2023-07-14 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2026-03-11
通信作者: 高艳荣,教授,E-mail：39228465@qq.com;李峰,副主任医师,E-mail：bfyyyngrk@163.com
作者简介:贾艳丰,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境毒理学。
基金资助:
内蒙古科学基金面上项目（2020MS08074）;内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（NJZY23095）;内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目（202202349）;包头医学院科学研究基金项目（BYJJ-YFJH202231）

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particulate matter PM_2.5 in Baotou City in 2020

JIA Yanfeng^1,2, YANG Tianzhi¹, WANG Li¹, LI Feng³, GAO Yanrong¹

1. School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou Inner Mongolia, 014060, China;
2. Physical and Chemical Laboratory Department of Chifeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chifeng Inner Mongolia, 024000, China;
3. Infection Management Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou Inner Mongolia, 014060, China

Received:2023-06-09 Revised:2023-07-14 Online:2024-01-15 Published:2026-03-11
Contact: GAO Yanrong,Professor,E-mail：39228465@qq.com;LI Feng,Associate chief physician,E-mail：bfyyyngrk@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查包头市大气细颗粒物（fine particulate matter,PM_2.5）中多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs）污染水平、分布特征、来源及其人群健康风险,为该地区污染治理提供依据。方法 2020年1—12月,采集包头市主城区大气PM_2.5样品,定期检测PM_2.5浓度及15种PAHs成分,描述性分析不同PAHs的日质量浓度,并利用特征比值法和主成分提取法判断PM_2.5中PAHs来源,采用美国国家环境保护局（US Environmental Protection Agency,USEPA）健康风险模型评估其人群健康风险。结果包头市全年PM_2.5浓度范围为19.11~743.65 μg/m³,日质量浓度[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）]为83.27（55.79,175.70）μg/m³;15种PAHs浓度不同程度检出,范围0.02~372.57 ng/m³,日质量浓度为18.49（9.16,99.23）ng/m³;PM_2.5中PAHs日质量浓度冬季（249.90 ng/m³）>秋季（25.59 ng/m³）>夏季（10.41 ng/m³）>春季（8.73 ng/m³）,差异有统计学意义（H=29.26,P<0.05）,以4~6环为主。大气PM_2.5中PAHs主要来源为燃煤源和机动车排放源的复合污染,15种PAHs的总致癌风险为1.83×10^-4,可能有致癌风险。结论包头市大气PM_2.5中PAHs污染水平冬季高,应注意冬季PAHs剂量对人体的致癌风险。

关键词: 大气细颗粒物, 多环芳烃, 健康风险评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate the pollution levels,distribution characteristics,and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in atmospheric PM_2.5 in Baotou City and their population health risks,and to provide a basis for pollution management in the region. Methods From January to December 2020,PM_2.5 samples of atmospheric particulate matter were collected from the main city of Baotou,and the atmospheric PM_2.5 concentrations and 15 PAHs components were regularly detected,and the daily average mass concentrations of different PAHs were analyzed descriptively. The sources of PAHs in PM_2.5 were determined using the characteristic ratio method and the principal component extraction method,and the US EPA health risk model was used to assess their population health risk. Results The annual PM_2.5 concentrations in Baotou ranged from 19.11 to 743.65 μg/m³,and the daily mass concentration[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 83.27（55.79,175.70）μg/m³.15 PAHs were detected in varying degrees,ranging from 0.02 to 372.57 ng/m³,with a daily mass concentration of 18.49（9.16,99.23）ng/m³. The daily mass concentration of PAHs in PM_2.5 in winter（249.90 ng/m³）>autumn（25.59 ng/m³）>summer（10.41 ng/m³）>spring（8.73 ng/m³）,with statistically significant differences（H=29.26,P<0.05）,and the composition was dominated on 4-6 rings.The main source of PAHs in PM_2.5 was the compound pollution from coal-fired and motor vehicle emission sources,with a total carcinogenic risk of 1.83×10^-4,which may have carcinogenic risk. Conclusion The pollution level of PAHs in atmospheric PM_2.5 in Baotou is high in winter,and attention should be paid on the carcinogenic risk of PAHs dose to human body in winter。

Key words: Fine particulate matter, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Health risk assessment

中图分类号:

R122

贾艳丰, 杨天智, 王丽, 李峰, 高艳荣. 2020年包头市大气颗粒物PM_2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征及健康风险评估. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(2): 229-234.

JIA Yanfeng, YANG Tianzhi, WANG Li, LI Feng, GAO Yanrong. Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particulate matter PM_2.5 in Baotou City in 2020. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(2): 229-234.

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