心理契约在临床护士人格特质与留职意愿间的中介效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解吉林省二级、三级甲等医院临床护士人格特质与留职意愿之间的关系,分析心理契约在其中的中介作用。方法 2022年9—10月随机抽取吉林省二级、三级甲等医院临床护士261人,采用一般情况调查问卷、中国大五人格调查问卷简版、心理契约违背量表、护生留职意愿问卷对其进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果吉林省二级、三级甲等医院261名临床护士留职意愿的总分为（20.51±4.40）分;年龄、护龄、人事关系、技术职称均是临床护士留职意愿的影响因素（均P<0.05）;临床护士人格特质中的严谨性、宜人性、开放性、外向性与留职意愿均呈正相关（r=0.490、0.423、0.496、0.490,均P<0.01）,神经质与留职意愿呈负相关（r=-0.530,P<0.01）,心理契约与留职意愿呈正相关（r=0.625,P<0.01）。心理契约在神经质、严谨性、宜人性、开放性、外向性与留职意愿间存在部分中介效应,分别占总效应的34.00%、46.43%、42.75%、41.40%、42.12%。结论吉林省二级、三级甲等医院261名临床护士的人格特质、心理契约和留职意愿显著相关,心理契约在人格特质与留职意愿中起部分中介作用。护理管理者可根据人格特质等特点采取合理措施,同时重视巩固护士的心理契约,进而提高临床护士的留职意愿。

关键词: 人格特质, 心理契约, 留职意愿, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the mediating effect of psychological contract in the relationship between personality characteristic and retention intention of clinical nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province,and analyze the mediating effect of psychological contract in it. Methods From September to October 2022,261 clinical nurses from second and third level hospitals in Jilin Province were randomly selected. The general situation questionnaire,the Chinese fig five personality questionnaire short form,the psychological contract violation scale,and the nursing student intention to stay questionnaire were used to conduct a convenience sample survey,and the data was analyzed. Results The total score of 261 clinical nurses from second and third level Grade A hospitals in Jilin Province on the willingness to remain in their positions was （20.51±4.40）points. Age,nursing experience,personnel relationships,and technical titles were all influencing factors of clinical nurse retention intention（all P<0.05）. The personality characteristic of clinical nurses,including rigor,agreeableness,openness,extroversion and retention intention were positively correlated（r=0.490, 0.423,0.496,0.490,all P<0.01）,while neuroticism was negatively correlated（r=-0.530,P<0.01）. Psychological contract was positively correlated with retention intention（r=0.625,P<0.01）. The psychological contract partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism,rigor,agreeableness,openness,extraversion and retention intention,accounting for 34.00%,46.43%,42.75%,41.40%,and 42.12% of the total effect,respectively. Conclusion The personality characteristic,psychological contracts,and retention intentions of 261 clinical nurses from secondary and tertiary hospitals in Jilin Province are significantly correlated,and psychological contracts play a partial mediating role in the relationship between personality characteristic and retention intentions. Nursing managers can take reasonable measures based on personality traits and other characteristics,while paying attention to consolidating the psychological contract of nurses,thereby increasing the willingness of clinical nurses to stay.

Key words: Personality characteristics, Psychological contracts, Retention intention, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

刘伊婷, 权海善, 郭越, 任千娇, 姚人元. 心理契约在临床护士人格特质与留职意愿间的中介效应. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(7): 939-943.

LIU Yiting, QUAN Haishan, GUO Yue, REN Qianjiao, YAO Renyuan. Mmediating effect of psychological contract on the relationship between personality characteristics and retention intention of clinical nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(7): 939-943.

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