关键词: 尘肺病, 随访, 生存分析, 社会保障

Abstract: Objective To understand the living conditions and social security of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Qingpu District of Shanghai City,and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis,so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods The data of 200 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed and reported by occupational disease diagnosis institutions in Qingpu District of Shanghai City from 1965 to 2022 were collected,and the data were analyzed. Results From 1965 to 2022,the totals of occupational pneumoconiosis patients had been reported in Qingpu District were 200 cases,with a male to female ratio of 1 ∶ 1.04. The first diagnosis of stage Ⅰ,stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis in 200 patients with occupational pneumoconiosis accounted for 65.50%,24.00% and 10.50%,respectively,and the first diagnosis age of patients with three stages of pneumoconiosis was found to be concentrated in the age range of 40-<50 years. The median length of service for pneumoconiosis patients was 9 years,and the average age of incidence was （49.42±11.39）years. There were statistically significant differences in the length of service and average age of onset among different types of pneumoconiosis（both P<0.01）. The Cox regression model results showed that the factors affecting survival time of pneumoconiosis patients were patient gender（RR=0.463,P<0.05） and onset age（RR=1.073,P<0.01）. According to the social security status of 97 existing patients,71 of them were covered by work-related injury insurance,17 cases of enjoying compensation from employers,95 people enjoyed basic medical insurance in urban and rural areas,83 cases enjoying medical insurance for serious diseases,and there was another person receives a monthly allowance of 240 yuan. Conclusions The overall incidence of pneumoconiosis in Qingpu District has shown a downward trend over the years. In the future,Qingpu District will continue to strengthen the monitoring and guidance of dust enterprises within its jurisdiction,in accordance with the requirements of the national special campaign for the control of pneumoconiosis,and establish a basic database of dust hazards. In order to gradually reduce the risk of occupational pneumoconiosis in the jurisdiction,we will strengthen training the enterprise to implement the work of occupational disease prevention and control,effectively protect the health rights and interests of the working population.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, Follow-up, Survival analysis, Social security