宜昌市中小学生超重肥胖现状调查及影响因素研究

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 1670-1674.

宜昌市中小学生超重肥胖现状调查及影响因素研究

梁艺, 杨忠诚, 王早霞, 明小燕, 肖曼, 胡池

宜昌市疾病预防控制中心环境健康与食品安全监测所,湖北宜昌 443000

收稿日期:2024-08-16 修回日期:2024-09-19 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-12-11
通信作者: 胡池,主任医师,E-mail：271112631@qq.com
作者简介:梁艺,女,主管技师,主要从事公共卫生监测工作。

Study on prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Yichang City

LIANG Yi, YANG Zhongcheng, WANG Zaoxia, MING Xiaoyan, XIAO Man, HU Chi

Environmental Health and Food Safety Monitoring Institute, Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China

Received:2024-08-16 Revised:2024-09-19 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-12-11
Contact: HU Chi,Chief physician,E-mail：271112631@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解宜昌市中小学生超重肥胖现状及其影响因素,为今后制定有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2023年9—11月在宜昌市13个县（市、区）抽取71所中小学校开展学生健康检查和影响因素问卷调查,采用χ²检验和多因素二元logistic回归分析方法进行统计分析。结果 2023年共监测中小学生19 838人,超重检出率为16.34%,肥胖检出率为14.12%。其中男生超重、肥胖检出率分别为19.41%和17.72%,明显高于女生的13.14%和10.34%（χ²=142.611、222.691,均P<0.01）;城区超重肥胖检出率为32.50%,高于郊县的（29.30%）（χ²=22.101,P<0.01）;肥胖检出率随学段呈下降趋势（χ²=68.482,P<0.01）,住校生超重肥胖检出率为31.83%,高于走读生的（37.63%）（χ²=36.536,P<0.01）。多因素二元logistic回归分析显示,女性、从来不吃蔬菜、每天睡眠时间≥8 h是肥胖发生的保护因素,小学、不住校是肥胖发生的危险因素（均P<0.01）。结论宜昌市中小学生超重肥胖率较高,应在教育、卫生部门合力下实现学校、家庭和社区“三方联动”,积极采取针对性干预措施以降低肥胖发生风险。

关键词: 中小学生, 超重, 肥胖, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the status and risk factors of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City,provide scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods From September to November 2023,71 primary and secondary schools in 13 counties（cities and districts） of Yichang City were selected by random cluster sampling method to carry out health examination and questionnaire survey. Chi-square test and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results In 2023,a total of 19 838 primary and secondary school students were monitored,the overweight detection rate was 16.34% and obesity detection rate was 14.12%. The detection rate of overweight and obesity in male students was 19.41% and 17.72% respectively,which were significantly higher than those in female students（13.14%,10.34%）（χ²=142.611,222.691,both P<0.01）. The detection rate of overweight and obesity in urban area was 32.50%,which was higher than that in suburban county（29.30%）（χ²=22.101,P<0.01）. The detection rate of obesity showed a decreasing trend with different academic stages（χ²=68.482,P<0.01）. The detection rate of overweight and obesity among resident students was 31.83%,which was higher than that of non-resident students（37.63%）（χ²=36.536,P<0.01）. The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that female,never eating vegetables,and sleeping for at least 8 hours a day were protective factors for obesity,while primary school and not living on campus were risk factors for obesity（all P<0.01）. Conclusions The overweight and obesity rate among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City is relatively high. The education and health departments should work together to realize the "tripartite linkage" among schools,families and communities,and actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the risk of obesity.

Key words: Primary and middle school students, Overweight, Obesity, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

梁艺, 杨忠诚, 王早霞, 明小燕, 肖曼, 胡池. 宜昌市中小学生超重肥胖现状调查及影响因素研究. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(12): 1670-1674.

LIANG Yi, YANG Zhongcheng, WANG Zaoxia, MING Xiaoyan, XIAO Man, HU Chi. Study on prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Yichang City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(12): 1670-1674.

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