临床护士共情疲劳的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 护士共情疲劳是指其在长期照顾患者时所面临的身心疲惫和情感耗竭的现象,发生率正在逐年上升,已成为临床护士普遍的心理问题。本文综述了护士共情疲劳的相关概念,将共情疲劳的不良影响总结为护理质量下降、患者满意度下降、个人健康受损、职业倦怠和离职意愿增加4个方面。从个人客观因素层面、工作相关因素层面、心理有关因素层面总结分析了临床护士共情疲劳的影响因素,并进一步提出了护士自身积极应对、组织合理安排工作、营造良好的工作氛围等建议,介绍缓解共情疲劳症状干预方法。旨在提高护理人员对共情疲劳问题的认知和应对能力,增强其心理健康和工作满意度,为护理实践和政策制定提供有益的见解,提升护理服务的质量,构建更加健康的医疗工作环境。

关键词: 临床护士, 共情疲劳, 影响因素, 应对策略

Abstract: Nurse empathy fatigue is the phenomenon of physical and mental exhaustion and emotional depletion faced by nurses when they care for patients over a long period of time,the incidence of which is increasing year by year,and has become a common psychological problem among clinical nurses. This paper reviews the concepts related to nurse empathy fatigue,and summarizes the adverse effects of empathy fatigue into four aspects：decline in quality of care,decline in patient satisfaction,impaired personal health,burnout and increased turnover intention. The influencing factors of empathy fatigue in clinical nurses were summarized and analyzed from the perspectives of personal objective factors,work-related factors and psychological factors,further suggestions are made for nurses actively coping,organizing and arranging work reasonably,and creating a good working atmosphere,and intervention methods to alleviate empathy fatigue symptoms are also introduced. The aim is to improve the awareness and coping ability of nursing staff towards empathy fatigue,enhance their mental health and job satisfaction,provide useful insights for nursing practice and policy formulation,enhance the quality of nursing services,and build a healthier medical work environment.

Key words: Clinical nurses, Empathy fatigue, Influencing factors, Coping Strategies

中图分类号:

R395.6

陈雪薇, 杨影, 高娜, 杨明悦, 张瑛. 临床护士共情疲劳的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(15): 2143-2148.

CHEN Xuewei, YANG Ying, GAO Na, YANG Mingyue, ZHANG Ying. Research progress on empathy fatigue among clinical nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(15): 2143-2148.

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