职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 2540-2545.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2020—2022年十堰市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

付磊1, 王耀成2, 梅勇1, 李艳丽   

  1. 1.武汉科技大学医学部,湖北 武汉 430070;
    2.十堰市疾病预防控制中心a免疫预防科,b卫生检测检验中心,湖北 十堰 442000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-21 修回日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-12-13
  • 通信作者: 梅勇,教授,E-mail:847669753@qq.com;李艳丽,主管技师,E-mail:liyanli0324@163.com
  • 作者简介:付磊,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为免疫规划。

Monitoring and analysis of adverse events following immunization in Shiyan City from 2020 to 2022

FU Lei1, WANG Yaocheng2, MEI Yong1, LI Yanli   

  1. 1. Medicine Division,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;
    2. a Department of Immune Prevention,b Center of Health Inspection and Testing,Shiyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China
  • Received:2024-11-21 Revised:2025-02-17 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-12-13
  • Contact: MEI Yong ,Professor,E-mail:847669753@qq.com;LI Yanli,Technician in charge,E-mail:liyanli0324@163.com

摘要: 目的 分析十堰市疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)发生特征,并评估预防接种安全性。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2020—2022年十堰市AEFI监测报告数据和相关疫苗接种数据进行统计分析。结果 2020—2022年十堰市共报告748例AEFI,年均报告发生率为18.08/10万剂;其中一般反应710例(17.17/10万剂),占94.92%,异常反应35例(0.85/10万剂),占4.68%;男女性别比为1.23 ∶ 1,0~<3岁组报告最多(591例,占79.01%);6—9月报告增加(361例,占48.27%);各县(市、区)报告发生率介于10.36/10万剂~29.46/10万剂(χ2=71.198,P<0.01)。轮状病毒疫苗AEFI报告发生率最高(164.47/10万剂);异常反应主要表现为过敏性皮疹(0.65/10万剂)。AEFI及时报告率和及时调查率分别为96.79%和92.86%,各年报告县覆盖率均为100%。结论 2020—2022年十堰市AEFI监测敏感性有下降趋势,个别地区需强化监测,所有疫苗安全性良好,预防接种安全规范。

关键词: 疑似预防接种异常反应, 安全性, 监测

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFI) in Shiyan City and evaluate the safety of immunization. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the AEFI monitoring report data and related vaccination data in Shiyan from 2020 to 2022. Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 748 cases of AEFI were reported in Shiyan City,with an average annual reporting rate of 18.08/100 000 doses. Among reports,there were 710 common vaccine reactions(94.92%,17.17/100 000 doses) and 35 rare vaccine reactions(4.68%,0.85/100 000 doses). The male to female ratio was 1.23∶1,and the most reports were in the 0-<3 years old group(591 cases,79.01%). From June to September,there was an increase of report(361 cases,48.27%). The reported incidence rates in various counties(cities,districts) ranged from 10.36/100 000 doses to 29.46/100 000 doses(χ2=71.198,P<0.01). The rotavirus vaccine AEFI reporting rate was the highest(164.47/100 000 doses). The abnormal reactions were mainly manifested as allergic rashes(0.65/100 000 doses).The timely reporting rate and timely investigation rate of AEFI were 96.79% and 92.86%,respectively,and the coverage rate of reporting counties in each year was 100%. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in Shiyan from 2020 to 2022 shows a downward trend,and individual areas need to strengthen monitoring. All vaccines are safe,and vaccination safety is standardized.

Key words: Adverse events following immunization, Safety, Monitoring

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