关键词: 女职工, 职业压力, 应对方式, 中介作用

Abstract: Objective To understand the occupational stress situation and influencing factors of female workers in the telecommunications service industry,explore the impact of coping style on occupational stress,and propose targeted suggestions to help female workers reduce occupational stress. Methods From July to September 2020,a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate the occupational stress status of female workers in the telecommunications service industry in Hebei Province through a self-filled questionnaire. The survey data were analyzed through group comparison and linear regression methods. Results A total of 1 207 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age of the respondents was （36.89±5.53）years old. The total score M（P₂₅,P₇₅） of the occupational stress screening table was 26（22,29）points. There was a negative correlation between coping style and occupational stress scores（r=0.346,P<0.01）. There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of coping style among female workers in different positions（χ²=21.551,P<0.01）,the distribution of scores was compared and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=12.061,P<0.01）. The occupational stress scores of female workers in different age groups, individual annual income,positions,weekly working hours,exposure to noise and non-ionizing radiation were compared,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The total score of coping style was a negative influencing factor of the total score of stress,while the noise exposure,non-ionizing radiation exposure and weekly working hours ≥50 hours were the positive influencing factors of stress score（β=0.159,0.067,0.144,all P<0.01）. When other independent variables remained constant,for every 1 point increase in the total score of coping style,the total score of the stress scale decreases by 0.463 points. Coping style had mediating effect on female workers' occupational stress when their weekly working hours were ≥50 hours,and the mediating effect accounted for 14.05%. Conclusion Coping style plays mediating effect between female workers' long working hours and occupational stress. Reasonable work system,reducing noise and non-ionizing radiation exposure,and adapting positive coping style can help female workers to reduce occupational stress.

Key words: Female workers, Occupational stress, Coping style, Mediating effect