海南省医务人员职业紧张与工作相关骨骼肌肉疾患关联性分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解职业紧张对海南省医务人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患（work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs）的影响。方法 2023年6—12月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对海南省23家医疗机构1 663名从事诊断、治疗和护理工作的医务人员进行职业紧张及WMSDs相关因素调查,并对数据进行分析。结果医务人员职业紧张检出率为30.6%;过去1年内WMSDs患病率为81.7%;各部位WMSDs患病率由高至低依次为颈部64.5%、肩部60.2%和背部59.2%,职业紧张组各部位 WMSDs患病率均高于非职业紧张组（均P<0.01）;多部位WMSDs患病率由高至低依次为≥6 个部位31.9%、1个部位11.7%和4个部位10.5%,职业紧张组WMSDs与≥6 个部位 WMSDs患病率均高于非职业紧张组（均P<0.01）。在排除年龄、平均月收入等混杂因素的影响后,以非职业紧张组为参照,职业紧张组WMSDs患病率较高,OR值为1.448（95%CI：1.079~1.944）。结论海南省医务人员WMSDs患病率较高,好发部位主要在颈部、肩部、背部,职业紧张会增加医务人员患WMSDs的风险,未来可从缓解医务人员职业紧张、减少不良姿势作业时间等方面进行干预,以预防WMSDs的发生,提高医务人员的健康水平。

关键词: 医务人员, 职业紧张, 工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of occupational stress on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among medical staff in Hainan Province. Methods From June to December 2023,a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate occupational stress and factors related to WMSDs among 1 663 medical staff engaged in diagnosis,treatment,and nursing care in 23 medical institutions in Hainan Province,and the data were analyzed. Results The detection rate of occupational stress among medical staff was 30.6%,and the prevalence of WMSDs in the past 1 year was 81.7%. The prevalence of WMSDs in all parts of the body was 64.5% in the neck,60.2% in the shoulder,and 59.2% in the back in descending order,and the prevalence of WMSDs in all parts of the body in the occupational stress group was higher than that of the non-occupational stress group(all P<0.01). The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was 31.9% for ≥6 sites,11.7% for 1 site,and 10.5% for 4 sites in descending order,and the prevalence rates of WMSDs and ≥6-site WMSDs in the occupational stress group were higher than those in the non-occupational stress group(all P<0.01). The prevalence of WMSDs was higher in the occupational stress group with an OR of 1.448(95% CI：1.079-1.944) after excluding the effects of confounding factors,such as age and average monthly income,using the non-occupational stress group as a reference. Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs among medical personnel in Hainan Province is high,and the favorable sites are mainly in the neck,shoulder,and back,and occupational stress can increase the risk of WMSDs among medical personnel,and future interventions can be carried out in terms of alleviating the occupational stress of medical personnel and decreasing the time of working in a poor posture in order to prevent the occurrence of WMSDs and improve the health of medical personnel.

Key words: Medical staff, Occupational stress, Work-related musculoskeletal disorders

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

李宾, 王川健. 海南省医务人员职业紧张与工作相关骨骼肌肉疾患关联性分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(20): 2750-2754.

LI Bin, WANG Chuanjian. Association analysis between occupational stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders among medical staff in Hainan Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(20): 2750-2754.

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