2014—2023年广元市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析广元市2014—2023年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据,评价疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse event following imunization,AEFI）监测系统运转情况,为今后监测工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统和四川省免疫规划信息管理系统收集2014—2023年广元市AEFI个案和疫苗接种数据,采用描述流行病学方法对监测数据分类统计分析。结果 2014—2023年广元市共报告AEFI 2 616例,报告发生率为41.8/10万。以一般反应、异常反应、偶合症为主,报告例数分别为2 216、304和89例。不良反应主要发生在1 d内,一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主,异常反应以过敏反应为主。报告以0~<3岁儿童为主,季度以第2~3季度为主,苍溪县、利州区、剑阁县较多,无细胞百白破联合疫苗、狂犬病疫苗、乙脑减毒活疫苗报告例数较多,带状疱疹疫苗、乙脑灭活疫苗、无细胞百白破联合疫苗等AEFI报告发生率较高。结论广元市AEFI监测系统运行良好,建议针对重点人群、地区、季节、疫苗加大接种前科普教育,同时加强培训,优化信息化系统设置,避免接种事故发生,降低AEFI发生率。

关键词: 疑似预防接种异常反应, 监测, 疫苗

Abstract: Objective To analyze the monitoring data of adverse event following immunization(AEFI) in Guangyuan City from 2014 to 2023,evaluate the operation of the AEFI monitoring system,and provide scientific basis for future monitoring work. Methods The data of AEFI cases reported and vaccination from 2014 to 2023 in Guangyuan were collected through China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and Sichuan Immunization Program Information for a descriptive epidemmoloncal analysis. Results A total of 2 616 AEFI cases were reported in Guangyuan from 2014 to 2023,with a reported incidence rate of 41.8/100 000. Among them,there were 2 216 cases of commom adverse reaction,304 cases of rare adverse reaction,and 89 cases of coincidental event. Adverse reaction were mainly occured within 1 day,with commom adverse reaction mainly including fever,redness,and induration,and abnormal reactions were mainly allergic reactions. The main population was children aged 0-<3,with the second to third quarter being the main season,mainly occurring in Cangxi County,Lizhou District,and Jiange County. There were more reported cases of Diphtheria,Tetanus and Acellular Pertussis Combined Vaccine,Adsorbed(DTaP),Rabies Vaccine(RabV),and Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine,Live(JEV-L),while the incidence of AEFI reported was higher for Herpes Zoster Vaccine(HZV),Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Produced In Vero Cells(JEV-I),and DTaP. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Guangyuan is running well. It is recommended to increase prevaccination popular science education for key populations,regions,seasons and vaccines,and strengthen training,optimize information system settings,aiming to avoid vaccination accidents,and reduce the incidence of AEFI.

Key words: Adverse event following immunization, Surveillance, Vaccine

中图分类号:

R186

李晓玲, 杨广树, 牟智敏. 2014—2023年广元市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(20): 2851-2856.

LI Xiaoling, YANG Guangshu, MOU Zhimin. Analysis on surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Guangyuan City from 2014 to 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(20): 2851-2856.

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