职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3179-3183.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南省三级甲等医院护理人员职业倦怠及影响因素分析

胡慧琳1a, 穆冠鹏1a, 曹朵花1a, 胡俊杰1b, 伍琳琳1c, 熊兰2()   

  1. 1.湖南中医药大学a医学院,b针灸推拿与康复学院,c湘杏学院,湖南 长沙 410208
    2.湖南中医药大学第二附属医院消化内科,湖南 长沙 414000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07 修回日期:2025-03-18 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 熊兰,主管护师,E-mail:1114607573@qq.com
  • 作者简介:胡慧琳,女,在读本科生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(S202310541152)

Analysis of job burnout and influencing factors among nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province

Huilin HU1a, Guanpeng MU1a, Duohua CAO1a, Junjie HU1b, Linlin WU1c, Lan XIONG2()   

  1. 1. a School of Medicine,b College of Acupuncture,Massage and Rehabilitation,c Xiangxing College,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 410208,China
    2. Department of Gastroenterology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha,Hunan 414000,China
  • Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-03-18 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-12-10
  • Contact: XIONG Lan,Nurse in charge,E-mail:1114607573@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解湖南省三级甲等医院护理人员职业倦怠现状及其影响因素,提出具有针对性和实操性的解决方法,为协助医疗机构制定干预措施和管理机制提供参考。方法 2023年9—12月随机抽取湖南省20所三级甲等医院1 752名护理人员为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表和职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 1 752名护理人员职业倦怠检出率为67.58%,轻度、中度、重度职业倦怠率分别为12.44%、20.78%、34.36%。年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、子女数量、月收入、所在科室、每周工作时间、健康自我评价、职业环境均是护理人员是否发生情绪衰竭的重要影响因素(均P<0.05);聘用形式、健康自我评价、福利待遇均是护理人员是否发生低个人成就感的重要影响因素(均P<0.05);月收入、健康自我评价、福利待遇、薪资回报均是护理人员是否发生去人格化的重要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 湖南省三级甲等医院护理人员的职业倦怠检出率较高,尤其在情绪衰竭方面最为明显,健康自我评价是最主要的影响因素。

关键词: 护理人员, 职业倦怠, 三级甲等医院, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of job burnout among nursing staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province,and to propose targeted and practical solutions,providing reference for assisting medical institutions to formulate intervention measures and management mechanisms. Methods From September to December 2023,1 752 nursing staff from 20 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province were randomly selected as the survey subjects. A general information questionnaire and Maslach burnout inventory(MBI) were used for the questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The detection rate of job burnout among 1 752 nurses was 67.58%,and the prevalence rates for mild,moderate,and severe job burnout were 12.44%,20.78%,and 34.36%,respectively. Age,educational level,marital status,quantity of children,monthly income,department,weekly working time,self-rated health,occupational environment were the important factors affecting whether or not nurses had emotional exhaustion(all P<0.05). Form of employment,self-rated health,fringe benefits were the key influencing factors of low sense of personal accomplishment(all P<0.05). Monthly income,self-rated health,fringe benefits,salary return were the essential influencing factors of depersonalization(all P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of job burnout among nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province is high,especially in the aspect of emotional exhaustion,and self-rated health is the most important influencing factor.

Key words: Nurse, Job burnout, Grade-A tertiary hospitals, Influencing factors

中图分类号: