关键词: 水泥粉尘, 风险评估, 半定量综合指数法, 半定量接触比值法, ICMM定量法

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the occupational health risk of key posts exposed to cement dust in cement industry in Dalian City,explore the applicability of three risk assessment methods in occupational health risk assessment of dust positions. Methods Totally 13 cement production enterprises in Dalian City from 2019 to 2022 were selected to carry out occupational investigation and detection. Three risk assessment methods were used to assess the occupational health risk levels of packaging and loading positions,including semi-quantitative comprehensive index method,semi-quantitative contact ratio method and quantitative method of International Council on Mining and Metals（ICMM）. Results A total of 172 cement dust samples were collected from packaging and loading positions. The total dust concentration was 0.70-21.13 mg/m³,and respirable dust concentration was 0.33-7.57 mg/m³. The results of semi-quantitative comprehensive index method showed that the occupational health risk of total dust and respirable dust in two packaging positions were high risk,and the other positions were medium risk. The semi-quantitative contact ratio showed that packaging and loading positions were moderate risk. The results of ICMM quantitative evaluation showed that there were three intolerable risk positions among packaging and loading positions for occupational health risk levels,one high risk position and nine tolerable risk positions. The risk assessment results of ICMM quantitative method and semi quantitative comprehensive index method showed positive correlation（r_s=0.475,P<0.05）. Conclusions The semi-quantitative comprehensive index method and semi-quantitative contact ratio method are used to evaluate the risk level of packaging and loading positions,and most positions are medium risk. The results of the two methods are basically consistent,and the assessment results of total dust and respirable dust are consistent. The risk level evaluated by ICMM quantitative method is higher than semi-quantitative composite index method and semi-quantitative contact ratio method. The semi-quantitative composite index method and the semi-quantitative exposure ratio method underestimate the occupational health risk level of the positions with short exposure time but high dust concentration,and play a poor role in early warning of occupational diseases. For positions with short exposure time but high dust concentration,ICMM quantitative method is more appropriate to assess the risk level.

Key words: Cement dust, Risk assessment, Semi-quantitative comprehensive index method, Semi-quantitative contact ratio method, ICMM quantitative method