基于入世出世、人生意义、知觉压力维度临床医学生死亡态度的影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 395-398.

基于入世出世、人生意义、知觉压力维度临床医学生死亡态度的影响因素分析

张振威^ab, 李俊婉^ab, 张东军^a

新乡医学院 a心理学院,b法医学院,河南新乡453003

收稿日期:2024-03-21 修回日期:2024-04-30 出版日期:2025-02-01 发布日期:2025-12-17
通信作者: 张东军,副教授,E-mail：dongjun0103@126.com
作者简介:张振威,男,在读本科生。
基金资助:
河南省高等学校重点科研项目（21A320013）

Analysis on influencing factors of death attitude of clinical medical students based on dimensions of entering into society and escaping from society,meaning of life and perceived stress

ZHANG Zhenwei^ab, LI Junwan^ab, ZHANG Dongjun^a

a School of Psychology,b School of Forensic Medicine,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China

Received:2024-03-21 Revised:2024-04-30 Online:2025-02-01 Published:2025-12-17
Contact: ZHANG Dongjun,Associate professor,E-mail：dongjun0103@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解临床医学生对死亡的认识情况及其死亡态度的影响因素。方法 2023年1—2月,从新乡市医学院校中临床医学专业19级至22级4个年级中分别随机抽取共1 019名学生作为研究对象,采用死亡态度量表、入世出世量表、短式知觉压力量表、人生意义量表及一般情况调查表为调查工具,了解其对死亡的态度并对数据进行分析。结果死亡态度得分：生源地为城市（37.93±4.19）分、农村（36.92±4.97）分;年级为22级（35.36±4.75）分、21级（38.16±4.97）分、20级（37.91±4.34）分、19级（38.16±3.92）分;年龄为18岁（35.21±5.10）分、19岁（37.52±4.51）分、20岁（38.17±4.65）分、21岁（37.14±4.24）分、22岁（38.38±4.45）分,不同生源地、年级、年龄的临床医学生的死亡态度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。知觉压力、入世因子得分与死亡态度得分均呈正相关（均P<0.05）;年级、人生意义体验、自我效能信念、出世因子得分与死亡态度得分均呈负相关（均P<0.05）。结论低年龄、低年级、农村的临床医学生面对死亡更加理性;知觉压力、入世体验、年级、人生意义体验、自我效能信念、出世态度均为死亡态度主要影响因素。知觉压力水平和入世态度水平越高,年级、人生意义体验、自我效能信念、出世态度水平越低,越对死亡持趋于理性的态度。

关键词: 死亡态度, 临床医学生, 知觉压力

Abstract: Objective To know the understanding of death among clinical medical students and the influencing factors of their attitude towards death. Methods From January to February 2023,1 019 students from four grades（class of 2019 to 2022） of clinical medicine in medical colleges of Xinxiang City were randomly selected as the research objects. The death attitude scale,entering into society and escaping from society scale,short form perceived stress scale,meaning in life scale,and general situation survey were used to understand their attitude towards death,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of attitude to death were （37.93±4.19）points in urban students and （36.92±4.97）points in rural students;（35.36±4.75）points in 2022 grade students,（38.16±4.97）points in 2021 grade students,（37.91±4.34）points in 2020 grade students,（38.16±3.92）points in 2019 grade students; （35.21±5.10）points in 18 year sold students,（37.52±4.51）points in 19 year sold students,（38.17±4.65）points in 20 year sold students,（37.14±4.24）points in 21 year sold students,（38.38±4.45）points in 22 year sold students. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of attitude to death among clinical medical students in different places of origin,grades and ages（all P<0.05）. The perceived stress,and entering into society factor scores were positively correlated with death attitude scores（all P<0.05）. The grade,life meaning experience,self-efficacy belief,escaping from society scores were negatively correlated with death attitude scores（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The clinical medical students of lower age,lower grade,and in rural areas are more rational when facing death. The perceived stress,entering into society experience,grade,life meaning experience,self-efficacy belief,escaping from society attitude are the main influencing factors of attitude towards death. The higher the levels of perceived stress and the attitude towards entering into society,more rational attitude towards death. The lower levels of grade,life meaning experience,self-efficacy belief,escaping from society,more rational attitude towards death.

Key words: Attitude towards death, Clinical medicine students, Perceived stress

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺9

张振威, 李俊婉, 张东军. 基于入世出世、人生意义、知觉压力维度临床医学生死亡态度的影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(3): 395-398.

ZHANG Zhenwei, LI Junwan, ZHANG Dongjun. Analysis on influencing factors of death attitude of clinical medical students based on dimensions of entering into society and escaping from society,meaning of life and perceived stress. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(3): 395-398.

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