基层医院在职临床护士职业素养现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 488-492.

基层医院在职临床护士职业素养现状及影响因素分析

章处处^1,2, 董彩梅³, 蒋明丽²

1.湖南师范大学医学院护理系,湖南长沙 410081;
2.徐州医科大学附属沭阳医院护理部,江苏沭阳 223600;
3.湖南师范大学附属湘东医院护理部,湖南醴陵 412200

收稿日期:2024-05-14 修回日期:2024-05-20 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-12-12
通信作者: 董彩梅,主任护师,E-mail：1198573409@qq.com
作者简介:章处处,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为临床护理。
基金资助:
2023年度宿迁市指导性科技计划立项项目（Z202316）

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of on-the-job clinical nurses' professionalism in primary hospitals

ZHANG Chuchu^1,2, DONG Caimei³, JIANG Mingli²

1. Department of Nursing,Medical College,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China;
2. Department of Nursing,The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Shuyang,Jiangsu 223600,China;
3. Department of Nursing,Xiangdong Hospital Affliated to Hunan Normal University,Liling,Hunan 412200,China

Received:2024-05-14 Revised:2024-05-20 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-12-12
Contact: DONG Caimei,Chief nurse,E-mail：1198573409@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解江苏省某县基层医院在职临床护士职业素养现状,并分析关怀能力与职业素养的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,2023年1—2月选取江苏省某县5所基层医院286名在职临床护士进行问卷调查,主要调查工具包括一般资料调查表、护士职业素养评价体系、护士关怀能力量表,并对数据进行分析。结果 286名护士职业素养总分为（80.39±14.39）分,关怀能力总分为（193.41±23.86）分;职业素养总分及各维度得分与关怀能力总分及各维度得分均呈正相关（均P<0.01）;文化程度、工作年限、是否热爱护理工作、是否参加过职业素养讲座及培训、是否参加过护理关怀讲座及培训、护士关怀能力总得分进入回归方程（均P<0.05）,共解释护士职业素养总变异的47.0%。结论江苏省某县基层医院护士职业素养水平良好,关怀能力水平偏低,其中文化程度、工作年限、是否热爱护理工作、是否参加过职业素养讲座及培训、是否参加护理关怀讲座及培训、护士关怀能力总得分是职业素养的主要影响因素。护理管理者应充分了解护士的个人特性,采用科学管理方法,提高基层护士队伍整体职业素养,注重护士关怀能力培养,促进护理工作高质量发展。

关键词: 基层医院, 护士, 职业素养, 关怀能力, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of on-the-job clinical nurses' professional accomplishment in a county primary hospital in Jiangsu Province,and analyze the correlation between caring ability and professional accomplishment. Methods A total of 286 in-service clinical nurses from 5 primary hospitals in a county of Jiangsu Province were selected by convenience sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey from January to February 2023. The main investigation tools include general information questionnaire,nurse professional quality evaluation system,nurse caring ability scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of professional quality for 286 nurses was （80.39±14.39）points,and the total score of caring ability was （193.41±23.86）points. The total score of professional quality and scores of all dimensions were significantly positively correlated with the total score of caring ability and scores of all dimensions（all P<0.01）. Education level,working years,whether they love nursing work,whether they have participated in professional quality lectures and training,whether they have participated in nursing care lectures and training,and nurses' caring ability entered the regression equation（all P<0.05）,which explained 47.0% of the total variation of nurses' professional quality. Conclusion The professional quality of nurses in a county of Jiangsu Province is good,but the level of caring ability is low. Among them,education level,working years,whether they love nursing work,whether they have participated in professional quality lectures and training,whether they have participated in nursing care lectures and training,and the total score of nurses' caring ability are the main factors affecting professional quality. Nursing managers should fully understand the personal characteristics of nurses,adopt scientific management methods,improve the overall professional quality of grass-roots nurses,pay attention to the cultivation of nurses' caring ability,and promote the high-quality development of nursing work.

Key words: Primary hospital, Nurse, Professionalism, Caring ability, Influencing factor

章处处, 董彩梅, 蒋明丽. 基层医院在职临床护士职业素养现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(4): 488-492.

ZHANG Chuchu, DONG Caimei, JIANG Mingli. Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of on-the-job clinical nurses' professionalism in primary hospitals. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(4): 488-492.

参考文献

[1] ALVES S B,ITAYRA M P,LIMA F G,et al.The model professionalism in the implementation of the nursing process(1979—2004)[J].Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem,2018,71(4):1907-1914.
[2] FATEMEH E,ABBAS A,FARIBA B,et al.Ethical sensitivity in nursing ethical leadership:A content analysis of iranian nurses experiences[J].Open Nurs J,2017,11(1):1-13.
[3] LEININGER M.Care:The Essence of Nursing and Health[M].Thorpfare NJ:Slack Inc,1984:12.
[4] 丁小红,侯赛宁,胡雪,等.基于患者视角的护士职业素养量表的开发及信效度检验[J].医药高职教育与现代护理,2023,6(2):155-159.
[5] 张杰,姚抒予,郭玉芳,等.护士职业素养评价体系的构建[J].护理管理杂志,2018,18(12):837-841.
[6] 姚抒予,张杰,黄南祺,等.二、三级综合医院护士职业素养常模的构建[J].中国实用护理杂志,2022,38(10):741-746.
[7] NGOZI O N.The Caring ability inventory[M].//STRICLDAND I,WALTZ C(Eds).Measurement of Nursing Outcomes. New York:Springer:1990:3-16.
[8] 许娟. 医院护理人员关怀能力调查研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2010.
[9] 刘俊荣,范宇莹.护理伦理学[M].3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2022:320-321.
[10] 孔祥金,许馨元,高峰,等. 临床护理人员的护理伦理知信行素养调查研究——以某三甲医院为例[J]. 医学与哲学,2023,44(11):37-41.
[11] PISHGOOIE A,BARKHORDARI-SHARIFABAD M,ATASHZADEH-SHOORIDEH F,et al.Ethical conflict among nurses working in the intensive care units[J].Nursing Ethics,2019,26(7-8):2225-2238.
[12] 戴红梅,李莹,吴红艳. 护理人员道德勇气与道德困境的相关性研究[J]. 护理学杂志,2022,37(21):53-57.
[13] JIN-AH P,BOG-JA K.Critical thinking disposition and clinical competence in general hospital nurses[J].J Korean Acad Nurs,2009,39(6):840-850.
[14] SHITAYE S,ZELEKE A,MEKIDIM K,et al.Clinical Competence of Nurses and the Associated Factors in Public Hospitals of Gamo Zone,Southern Ethiopia:A Cross-Sectional Study[J].Nurs Res Pract,2023, 9656636.
[15] KIM K,HAN Y,KWAK Y,et al.Professional quality of life and clinical competencies among Korean nurses[J].Asian Nurs Res,2015,9(3):200-206.
[16] 周蓓,袁媛,凃松,等.医院孝文化引导下实施护士职业情感教育的效果[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(24):3516-3519.
[17] EUNKYUNG K,YEA J L,EUN S L.Associations among leadership,resources,and nurses’ work engagement:findings from the fifth Korean working conditions survey[J].BMC Nurs,2023,22(1):191.
[18] 宋建荣. 职业生涯规划[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2015:33-34.
[19] SHIREEN A,SAMI K.A historical glance:Challenges for male nurses[J]. J Pak Med Assoc,2017,67(12):1889-1894.
[20] CLEMENTS J A,KINMAN G,LEGGETTER S,et al.Exploring commitment,professional identity,and support for student nurses[J].Nurs Educ Pract,2016,16(1):20-26.
[21] VAHID Z,AKRAM G,LEILA V,et al.Iranian nursing applicants' perception of the nursing profession:A qualitative study[J].Nurs Open,2023,10(6):3728-3736.
[22] 王晓东,王伟.德医融合背景下医学生隐性职业素养培养的路径探索[J].锦州医科大学学报(社会科学版),2023,21(4):27-29.
[23] FAKHREDIN T,EESA M,MOJGAN K,et al.Humanistic care in nursing:Concept analysis using rodgers' evolutionary approach[J].Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,2022,27(2):83-91.