盐城市三级综合医院外科护士职业高原和工作-家庭冲突对抑郁症状的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解盐城市三级综合医院外科护士职业高原、工作-家庭冲突和抑郁症状的现状及其相互关系,为减轻外科护士抑郁症状提供管理思路。方法 2023年9—11月,采用便利抽样法,使用一般资料调查表、职业高原量表、工作家庭冲突量表、患者健康问卷抑郁量表对盐城市第三人民医院、盐城市第一人民医院及建湖县人民医院192名外科护士进行线上问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 192名外科护士职业高原得分为（57.91±9.24）分,工作-家庭冲突得分为（65.15±8.91）分,抑郁症状得分为（7.27±2.67）分;不同文化层次、生活经济压力、劳务关系、是否经常性锻炼、科室每月安排夜班均次的外科护士职业高原得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同文化层次、生活经济压力、劳务关系、是否经常性锻炼、科室每月安排夜班均次的外科护士工作-家庭冲突得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同文化层次、生活经济压力、是否经常性锻炼、科室每月安排夜班均次的外科护士抑郁症状得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;外科护士职业高原及其3个分维度内容高原、中心化高原、层级高原与抑郁症状呈正相关（r=0.573、0.514、0.489、0.551,均P<0.01）,工作-家庭冲突及其3个分维度时间、压力、行为与抑郁症状呈正相关（r=0.702、0.578、0.592、0.600,均P<0.01）;控制一般人口学变量对抑郁症状的影响后,职业高原和工作家庭冲突可独立解释抑郁症状35.8%的变异。结论 192名外科护士职业高原、工作-家庭冲突对抑郁症状影响显著,护理管理者可多措并举,积极探索降低职业高原与工作-家庭冲突水平的方法,以此来减轻其抑郁症状。

关键词: 外科护士, 职业高原, 工作-家庭冲突, 抑郁症状

Abstract: Objective To explore the current status of occupational plateau,work-family conflict and depressive symptoms and their interrelationships among surgical nurses in tertiary general hospitals in Yancheng City,and to provide management ideas for alleviating depressive symptoms among surgical nurses. Methods From September to November 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey of 192 surgical nurses from Yancheng Third People's Hospital,Yancheng First People's Hospital,and Jianhu County People's Hospital,using general information survey,occupational plateau scale,work-family conflict scale,and patient health questionnaire depression scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The 192 surgical nurses had occupational plateau scores of （57.91±9.24）points,work-family conflict scores of （65.15±8.91）points,and depressive symptom scores of （7.27±2.67）points. There were statistically significant differences in occupational plateau scores of surgical nurses with different cultural levels,life economic pressure,labor relations,regular exercise and the average number of monthly night shifts arranged（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in work-family conflict scores among surgical nurses of different cultural levels,life economic pressure,labor relationship,regular exercise,and the average number of monthly night shifts arranged（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in depressive symptom scores among surgical nurses with different cultural levels,life economic pressure,regular exercise and the average number of monthly night shifts arranged（all P<0.05）. The occupational plateau of surgical nurses and its three sub dimensions,including plateau,centralized plateau and hierarchical plateau were positively correlated with depressive symptoms（r=0.573,0.514,0.489,0.551,all P<0.01）. Work-family conflict and its three sub dimensions of time,stress and behavior were positively correlated with depressive symptoms（r=0.702,0.578, 0.592,0.600,all P<0.01）. After controlling for the influence of general demographic variables on depressive symptoms,occupational plateau and work-family conflict independently explained 35.8% of the variation in depressive symptoms. Conclusion Occupational plateau and work-family conflict have a significant impact on depressive symptoms among 192 surgical nurses,and nursing managers can take multiple steps to actively explore ways to reduce the level of occupational plateau and work-family conflict as a way to reduce their depressive symptoms.

Key words: Surgical nurses, Occupational plateau, Work-family conflict, Depressive symptoms

中图分类号:

R192.6

刘杨, 陆叶. 盐城市三级综合医院外科护士职业高原和工作-家庭冲突对抑郁症状的影响. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(5): 631-635.

LIU Yang, LU Ye. Effects of occupational plateau and work-family conflict on depressive symptoms among surgical nurses in tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Yancheng City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(5): 631-635.

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