广汉市公立医院540名医务人员心理健康、社会支持与应对方式调查

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1045-1049.

广汉市公立医院540名医务人员心理健康、社会支持与应对方式调查

陈燕^1a, 何苏^1b, 包芙蓉^1c, 吴湘军^1d, 林楠², 周晓艳^1a

1.广汉市人民医院 a 肾内科,b 医务科,c 护理部,d 院办,四川广汉 618300;
2.广汉市第三人民医院心身科,四川广汉 618300

收稿日期:2024-06-17 修回日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-12-18
通信作者: 何苏,副主任医师,E-mail：1321575678@qq.com
作者简介:陈燕,女,副主任护师,主要从事临床护理管理与心理治疗相关工作。
基金资助:
2020年四川省护理科研课题（H20015）

Survey on mental health,social support and coping style of 540 medical staff in public hospitals in Guanghan City

CHEN Yan^1a, HE Su^1b, BAO Furong^1c, WU Xiangjun^1d, LIN Nan², ZHOU Xiaoyan^1a

1. a Department of Nephrology,b Medical Department,c Department of Nursing,d Department of Hospital Office,Guanghan People's Hospital,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China;
2. Psychosomatic Department,Guanghan Third People's Hospital,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China

Received:2024-06-17 Revised:2024-07-15 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-12-18
Contact: HE Su,Associate chief physician,E-mail：1321575678@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解广汉市医务人员心理健康、应对方式和社会支持现状,为医务人员心理健康援助计划提供意见和建议。方法运用方便抽样法于2023年10月,选取广汉市公立医院的医务人员作为研究对象,采用症状自评量表（self-reporting inventory,SCL-90）、简易应对方式量表和社会支持评定量表对540名医务人员进行调查,并对数据进行统计分析。结果 540名医务人员SCL-90总均分为（129.42±44.09）分,积极应对得分为（1.61±0.77）分,消极应对得分为（0.99±0.62）分,社会支持总分为（32.71±7.65）分。人际关系敏感分数低于常模（t=-3.657,P<0.01）,寝食状态分数高于常模（t=3.130,P<0.01）。SLC-90各因子得分与消极应对呈正相关（r=0.271~0.364,均P<0.01）,与客观支持呈负相关（r=-0.140~-0.208,均P<0.05）,SLC-90各因子得分与主观支持和支持总分均呈负相关（均P<0.01）,子女数、工作时长、消极应对、应对倾向和支持总分是医务人员心理健康的独立影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论广汉市医务人员心理健康、应对方式和社会支持状况较差,应关注医务人员的寝食状态,增加医务人员的社会支持,提升积极应对和主观支持以提升医务人员心理健康水平。

关键词: 医务人员, 心理健康, 应对方式, 社会支持

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of mental health,coping style and social support of medical staff in Guanghan City,and provide opinions and suggestions for the mental health assistance plan for medical staff. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select medical staff from public hospitals in Guanghan City as research subjects in October 2023. The self-reporting inventory（SCL-90）,simple coping style scale and social support rating scale were used to survey 540 medical staff,and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The total average score of SCL-90 for 540 medical staff was （129.42±44.09）points,with positive coping score （1.61±0.77）points,negative coping score （0.99±0.62）points,and total social support score （32.71±7.65）points. The sensitivity score of interpersonal was lower than the norm（t=-3.66,P<0.01）,and the score of sleeping and eating state was higher than the norm（t=3.13,P<0.01）.The scores of each factor in SLC-90 were positively correlated with negative coping（r=0.271-0.364,all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with objective support（r=-0.140--0.208,all P<0.05）. The scores of each factor in SLC-90 were negatively correlated with subjective support and total support score（all P<0.01）.The number of children,working hours,negative coping,coping tendency and total support score were the independent influencing factors on the mental health of medical staff（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The mental health,coping style,and social support of medical staff in Guanghan City are relatively good. It is necessary to pay attention to the sleeping and eating status of medical staff,increase their social support,and enhance their positive coping and subjective support to improve their mental health level.

Key words: Medical staff, Mental health, Coping style, Social support

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

陈燕, 何苏, 包芙蓉, 吴湘军, 林楠, 周晓艳. 广汉市公立医院540名医务人员心理健康、社会支持与应对方式调查. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(8): 1045-1049.

CHEN Yan, HE Su, BAO Furong, WU Xiangjun, LIN Nan, ZHOU Xiaoyan. Survey on mental health,social support and coping style of 540 medical staff in public hospitals in Guanghan City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(8): 1045-1049.

参考文献

[1] 杨柳,郭琼杰,史文宗,等.医务人员焦虑抑郁障碍与工作压力、应对方及社会支持的关系[J].职业与健康,2020,36(22):3080-3084.
[2] 黄茜,王磊,王繁可,等.员工援助计划对医务人员心理健康管理的作用分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2023,14(11):36-40.
[3] 李榕,百哈拉木·阿布都外力,闫琪,等.医务人员心理健康状况与医疗纠纷发生的相关性研究[J].职业与健康,2018,34(16):2177-2184.
[4] 马晓,武文志,李淑君,等.临床医生心理健康与付出、回报不平衡感的研究进展[J],职业与健康,2021,37(23):3303-3305.
[5] 郭小利,尹华英.积极应对方式在儿科护士社会支持与心理健康关系中的中介作用[J].解放军护理杂志,2020,37(3):50-53.
[6] 许又新,吕秋云.现代心理治疗手册[M].北京:北京医科大学出版,1997:173-177.
[7] 解亚宁. 简易应对方式量表信度和效度的初步研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,1998,6(2):114-115.
[8] 肖水源. 《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J].临床精神医学杂志,1994,4(2):98-100.
[9] 项紫霓,解金娜,衡中玉.社会支持、应对方式对医务人员职业倦怠及心理健康影响分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(5):615-618.
[10] 刘媛媛,武圣君,李永奇,等.基于SCL-90的中国人群心理症状现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2018,32(5):437-441.
[11] 刘婷婷,程胜娟,杨淑怡,等.基于SCL-90 评估中国抗疫一线医务人员心理健康状况的 meta 分析[J],职业与健康,2023,39(9):1263-1267.
[12] 张自伟,刘小玉,王岚,等.医护人员心理健康状况及应对方式的调查分析[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(2):152-153.
[13] 王阿蕾,张微竹,何凤,等.南充市某三级甲等医院医护人员心理健康状况及影响因素分析[J].心理月刊,2022,20(17):202-204.
[14] 杜学礼,陈璐,陈芸.上海市三级医院医务人员心理健康状况及其影响因素分析[J].上海预防医学,2021,33(12):1181-1186.
[15] 全宁斌,王瑾,王雨浩,等.长工时对三级甲等医院医务人员心理健康的影响[J].实用医学杂志,2023,39(24):3267-3274.
[16] PETRIE K,CRAWFORD J,LAMONTAGNE A D,et al.Working hours,common mental disorder and suicidal ideation among junior doctors in Australia:A cross-sectional survey[J].BMJ Open,2020,10(1):e033525.
[17] LEWKO J,MISIAK B,SIERZANTOWICZ R.Therelationship between mental health and the quality of life ofpolish nurses with many years of experience in theprofession:A cross-sectional study[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019,16(10):1798.
[18] 代勇真,方鸿志.中国人社会支持与心理健康关系的元分析[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2020,28(4):490-494.
[19] SCOTT H M.social support,physical activity and stress as determinants of well-being in adults with intellectual disability[J].Psychology,2016,29(6):624-645.
[20] 阳慧萍,陈存秋,陈立基.韶关市医务人员抑郁和复原力影响因素分析[J].职业与健康,2020,36(10):1312-1315.
[21] 万其容,陈振华,陈亮,等.后疫情时期医务人员心理状况、心理弹性和社会支持的相关性[J].武汉大学学报(医学版),2023,44(3):261-265.
[22] 何云涓,卢曼曼,陈贵梅,等.公立医院医务人员焦虑与社会支持、领悟社会支持及应对方式的相关性研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2019,23(3):328-331.
[23] 宋珺,周连红,杨璐.卫生系统员工关怀计划对医务人员应对方式及社会支持状况的影响[J].慢性病学杂志,2018,19(7):902-904.
[24] 邹维兴,王洪礼,甘剑峰.抗逆力在基层医护人员工作-家庭支持与心理健康之间的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2023,31(1):58-64.
[25] 李逢战,邱凡硕,周姿言,等.中国军人症状自评量表测评结果的横断历史研究[J].空军军医大学学报,2023,44(5):461-466.