职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1060-1064.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市快递员社会支持和心理韧性在职业压力与离职倾向间的作用研究

陈秀霞1, 贾文1, 张雅琴1, 张丽2, 李山山2, 陈静3   

  1. 1.首都医科大学附属北京康复医院劳模健康管理中心,北京 100144;
    2.北京大学航天中心医院体检中心,北京 100029;
    3.北京市职业病防治研究院,北京 100093
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 修回日期:2025-01-26 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-12-18
  • 作者简介:陈秀霞,女,主管护师,主要从事健康检查与健康管理工作。
  • 基金资助:
    北京市社会民生支撑项目(B2023M063)

Study on the role of social support and psychological resilience in the relationship between occupational stressor and turnover intention among couriers in Beijing

CHEN Xiuxia1, JIA Wen1, ZHANG Yaqin1, ZHANG Li2, LI Shanshan2, CHEN Jing3   

  1. 1. Model Worker Health Management Center,Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China;
    2. Physical Examination Center,Peking University Aerospace Center Hospital,Beijing 100029,China;
    3. Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100093,China
  • Received:2025-01-10 Revised:2025-01-26 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-12-18

摘要: 目的 了解北京市快递员社会支持、心理韧性、职业压力与离职倾向现状,探讨四者间的作用关系。方法 2023年10月—2024年5月,采用便利抽样法选取首都医科大学附属北京康复医院健康管理中心进行健康检查的468名北京市快递员为调查对象,利用一般资料问卷、职业压力源量表、汉化修订的Connor-Davidson心理韧性量表、社会支持知觉量表和离职倾向问卷进行问卷调查,并对调查数据进行分析。结果 北京市快递员职业压力得分为(85.83±11.28)分,心理韧性得分为(68.23±9.84)分,社会支持得分为(65.23±8.46)分,离职倾向得分为(10.48±2.81)分。职业压力与离职倾向,社会支持与心理韧性均呈正相关(r=0.579、0.539,均P<0.01),心理韧性、社会支持与职业压力均呈负相关(r=-0.523、-0.542,均P<0.01),心理韧性、社会支持与离职倾向均呈负相关(r=-0.493、-0.382,均P<0.01)。中介效应分析表明,社会支持、心理韧性在快递员职业压力与离职倾向间分别起到中介效应,效应量分别占总效应的17.35%和15.98%;社会支持-心理韧性在职业压力和离职倾向间存在链式中介效应,占总效应的8.24%,占总中介效应的19.82%。结论 社会支持与心理韧性在北京市快递员职业压力与离职倾向间起多重中介效应。

关键词: 快递员, 职业压力, 离职倾向, 社会支持, 心理韧性

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status and correlation of social support,psychological resilience,occupational stressor and turnover intention among couriers in Beijing. Methods From October 2023 to May 2024,a total of 468 couriers in Beijing who came to health management center of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University for health examination were selected as the survey objects. The general information questionnaire,occupational stressor scale(OSS),Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),perceived social support scale(PSSS) and turnover intention questionnaire were used for the survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of occupational stressor,psychological resilience,social support and turnover intention of couriers in Beijing were (85.83±11.28),(68.23±9.84),(65.23±8.46) and (10.48±2.81)points,respectively. Occupational stressor was positively correlated with turnover intention,social support was positively correlated with psychological resilience(r=0.579,0.539,both P<0.01),while psychological resilience and social support were negatively correlated with occupational stressor(r=-0.523,-0.542,both P<0.01),psychological resilience and social support were negatively correlated with turnover intention(r=-0.493,-0.382,both P<0.01). The mediating effect analysis showed that social support,psychological resilience played intermediary role between occupational stressor and turnover intention of couriers,accounting for 17.35% and 15.98% of the total effect,respectively.Social support-psychological resilience played a chain intermediary role between occupational stressor and turnover intention,accounting for 8.24% of the total effect and 19.82% of the total intermediary effect. Conclusion The social support and psychological resilience have multiple mediating effects between occupational stressor and turnover intention among couriers in Beijing.

Key words: Courier, Occupational stressor, Turnover intention, Social support, Psychological resilience

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