职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1313-1317.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆市核医学放射工作人员队列研究概况

吴梦云1, 李奎1, 周景华1, 李炜1, 王津晗2, 顾叶青2()   

  1. 1 重庆市疾病预防控制中心重庆 400707
    2 中国医学科学院放射医学研究所天津 300192
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-25 修回日期:2025-08-11 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 通信作者: 顾叶青
  • 作者简介:吴梦云,女,主管技师,主要从事放射卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1220);重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2022QNXM030);重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2022ZDXM034);天津市卫生健康科技项目(TJWJ2025MS054)

Overview of cohort study of nuclear medicine radiation workers in Chongqing City

WU Mengyun1, LI Kui1, ZHOU Jinghua1, LI Wei1, WANG Jinhan2, GU Yeqing2()   

  1. 1 Chongqing Center for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400707, China
    2 Institute of Radiation MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesTianjin 300192, China
  • Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2025-08-11 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-06-02
  • Contact: GU Yeqing
  • About author:GU Yeqing,E-mail:wumycdc@163.com

摘要:

目的 重庆市核医学的队列研究是一项基于医疗行业中放射工作人群的回顾性和前瞻性结合的研究,依据中国医学科学院放射医学研究所在全国开展的中国核医学放射工作人员健康效应研究方案,旨在调查和确定放射性危害因素对非传染疾病发病率的相关性和归因率。方法 截止2024年1月,整群选取重庆市所有核医学放射工作人员(336名)为实验组,开设核医学科的医疗机构中整群随机抽样350名诊断放射工作人员为对照组。队列成员进行基线调查,监测队列成员年有效剂量,包括外照射剂量Hp(10)、Hp(0.07)和I131内照射剂量。结果 在686名参与者中,核医学336人(48.98%),诊断学350人(51.02%),大学及以上464人(67.64%)。职业暴露中>5 mSv/年的核医学成员16人(5.16%)与对照组7人(2.50%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.210,P<0.05)。三大慢性非传染疾病分布:分泌系统疾病有56人(8.16%),消化系统疾病有46人(6.71%),心血管系统疾病有30人(4.37%)。近期非特异性症状实验组(168人,50.00%)与对照组(87人,25.89%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.235,P<0.05)。结论 重庆市核医学与诊断放射工作人员的职业性放射性暴露与特定健康风险间存在关联性,内分泌、消化及心血管系统疾病在放射工作人员中的高发特征值得关注,可能反映了辐射对多系统慢性病的潜在影响。

关键词: 放射工作人员, 核医学, I131, 队列研究

Abstract:

Objective The cohort study of nuclear medicine in Chongqing is a combined retrospective and prospective study based on the radiation workers in the medical industry. According to the research protocol of the National Health Effects Study on Nuclear Medicine Radiation Workers conducted by the Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,aims to investigate and determine the correlation and attributable risk of radioactive hazard factors on the incidence of non-communicable diseases. Methods As of January 2024,all radiation workers in nuclear medicine(336 individuals) within the jurisdiction of Chongqing were selected as the exposed group,while 350 diagnostic radiology workers from medical institutions with nuclear medicine departments were randomly selected as the control group using a cluster sampling method. Baseline surveys were conducted for all cohort members. Annual effective doses were monitored,including external radiation doses Hp(10) and Hp(0.07),as well as internal radiation doses from I131. Results The cohort comprised 686 participants,including 336 nuclear medicine workers(48.98%) and 350 diagnostic radiology workers(51.02%). Educational attainment at bachelor's degree or higher was observed in 464 subjects(67.64%). There was a statistically significant difference between 16 nuclear medicine personnel(5.16%) with an occupational exposure of >5 mSv/year and 7 control group members(2.50%)(χ2=6.210,P<0.05). The three predominant chronic non-communicable diseases identified were endocrine disorders 56 cases(8.16%),gastrointestinal diseases 45 cases(6.71%),cardiovascular disorders 30 cases(4.37%). There was a statistically significant difference between 168 cases in the exposed group(50.00%) with recent-onset nonspecific symptoms and 87 cases in the control group(25.89%)(χ2=4.235,P<0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between occupational radiation exposure and specific health risks among nuclear medicine and diagnostic radiation workers in Chongqing. The high incidence of endocrine,digestive,and cardiovascular system diseases among radiation workers deserves attention,which may reflect the potential impact of radiation on multi system chronic diseases.

Key words: Radiation workers, Nuclear medicine, I131, Cohort study

中图分类号: