职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1363-1368.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

深圳市消防救援人员职业健康素养影响因素及干预效果分析

罗立峰1(), 张乃兴2, 周伟2, 翁少凡2, 唐焕文1(), 林大枫1,2()   

  1. 1 广东医科大学公共卫生学院广东 东莞 523808
    2 深圳市职业病防治院广东 深圳 518020
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 修回日期:2025-08-06 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 通信作者: 罗立峰,张乃兴,周伟,翁少凡,唐焕文,林大枫
  • 作者简介:罗立峰,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境与职业健康。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“常见多发病防治研究”重点专项(2023YFC2509300);深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ20201221173602007)

Analysis on influencing factors and intervention effects of occupational health literacy of fire rescue personnel in Shenzhen City

LUO Lifeng1(), ZHANG Naixing2, ZHOU Wei2, WENG Shaofan2, TANG Huanwen1(), LIN Dafeng1,2()   

  1. 1 School of Public HealthGuangdong Medical University,DongguanGuangdong 523808, China
    2 Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational DiseasesShenzhenGuangdong 518020, China
  • Received:2025-07-03 Revised:2025-08-06 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-06-02
  • Contact: LUO Lifeng,ZHANG Naixing,ZHOU Wei,WENG Shaofan,TANG Huanwen,LIN Dafeng
  • About author:TANG Huanwen,E-mail:thw@gdmu.edu.cn
    LIN Dafeng,E-mail:david1385@foxmail.com

摘要:

目的 分析深圳市消防救援人员的职业健康素养现状及影响因素,评估干预实施后的效果。方法 2023年6—8月对深圳市一线消防救援人员开展职业健康素养问卷调查,计算职业健康素养具备率,采用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归模型分析影响因素。随后从参与第1次调查的人群中分层整群抽取497人,于2023年9—11月实施短期干预,比较干预前后其素养具备率的变化。结果 调查对象职业健康素养具备率为72.17%,各维度具备率分别为知识41.05%、态度88.10%、行为82.78%、技能19.25%。年龄较高(25~<28、28~<33、≥33岁)、教育程度较高(高中及中专、大专、本科及以上)、从不饮酒,坚持锻炼是其职业健康素养具备率的保护因素。干预后其职业健康素养具备率分别为71.49%和80.45%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 调查对象职业健康技能和知识素养具备率相对较低;不同年龄段、教育程度、个人生活习惯(饮酒情况、锻炼情况)是其职业健康素养的影响因素,应重点关注年龄、教育程度较低、个人生活习惯(饮酒情况、锻炼情况)较差的人群的职业健康教育;短期干预可有效提升消防救援人员职业健康素养具备率。

关键词: 消防救援人员, 职业健康素养, 影响因素, 健康促进, 健康干预

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of occupational health literacy of fire rescue personnel in Shenzhen City,and evaluate the effect after the implementation of intervention. Methods A questionnaire survey on occupational health literacy was conducted among front-line fire rescue personnel in Shenzhen City from June to August 2023. The possession rate of occupational health literacy was calculated. The χ2 test and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors. Subsequently,497 people were stratified and selected in clusters from the population who participated in the first survey. The short-term intervention was implemented from September to November 2023,and the changes in their literacy possession rate before and after the intervention were compared. Results The possession rate of occupational health literacy among the survey subjects was 72.17%,and the possession rates of each dimension were 41.05% for knowledge,88.10% for attitude,82.78% for behavior,and 19.25% for skills. The higher age(25-<28,28-<33,≥33 years old),higher education level(high school and technical secondary school,junior college,undergraduate and above),never drinking alcohol and persisting in exercise were protective factors for the possession rate of occupational health literacy. After the intervention,the possession rates of occupational health literacy were 71.49% and 80.45% respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions The possession rate of occupational health skills and knowledge literacy among the surveyed subjects is relatively low. The age groups,educational levels,and personal living habits(drinking conditions,exercise conditions) are the influencing factors of their occupational health literacy. The emphasis should be placed on occupational health education for people with lower age and educational level and poorer personal living habits(such as alcohol consumption and exercise). The short-term intervention can effectively increase the possession rate of occupational health literacy among fire rescue personnel.

Key words: Fire rescue personnel, Occupational health literacy, Influencing factors, Health promotion, Health intervention

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