职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1517-1523.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

新护士心理社会安全氛围的潜在剖面分析及与转型冲击的关系

刘宝瑜1, 韦兴林2, 李晴晴1, 孙玉梅1, 豆欣蔓3, 庞晓丽1()   

  1. 1 天津中医药大学天津 301617
    2 兰州大学护理学院甘肃 兰州 730011
    3 兰州大学第二医院甘肃 兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-10 修回日期:2025-08-20 出版日期:2026-06-01 发布日期:2026-06-10
  • 通信作者: 庞晓丽,E-mail:403033115@qq.com
  • 作者简介:刘宝瑜,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为护理管理与护理教育等。

Potential profile analysis of psychosocial safety climate in new nurses and its relationship with transition shock

LIU Baoyu1, WEI Xinglin2, LI Qingqing1, SUN Yumei1, DOU Xinman3, PANG Xiaoli1()   

  1. 1 Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617, China
    2 School of NursingLanzhou University,LanzhouGansu 730011, China
    3 Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730030, China
  • Received:2025-08-10 Revised:2025-08-20 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-06-10
  • Contact: PANG Xiaoli,E-mail:403033115@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解新入职护士(新护士)心理社会安全氛围的潜在类别,并分析其与转型冲击的关系。方法 采用便利抽样法于2025年1—2月选取天津市、甘肃省等不同地区的404名新护士,使用一般资料调查表、心理社会安全氛围量表、新护士转型冲击量表对其进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 404名新护士心理社会安全氛围可分为低心理安全组(18.1%)、中心理安全组(43.8%)、高心理安全组(38.1%)3个潜在类别。以“低心理安全组”为参照,对护理工作的态度为一般(OR=5.030,P<0.05)、参加过入职培训(OR=2.423,P<0.05)、收入满意度为比较满意(OR=3.835,P<0.05)或一般(OR=5.087,P<0.05)均是中心理安全组的预测因素;对护理工作的态度为非常喜欢(OR=47.819,P<0.01)或比较喜欢(OR=26.749,P<0.01)、参加过入职培训(OR=5.066,P<0.01)、月夜班数为0~<5个(OR=3.030,P<0.05)均是高心理安全组的预测因素。3组新护士转型冲击及各维度得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 404名新护士心理社会安全氛围存在潜在异质性,且影响转型冲击。建议依据影响因素对不同类别心理社会安全氛围的新护士实施干预,以降低其转型冲击。

关键词: 新护士, 心理社会安全氛围, 潜在剖面分析, 转型冲击, 影响因素, 护理管理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the potential categories of new nurses' psychosocial safety climate and analyze its relationship with transition shock. Methods A total of 404 new nurses from different regions such as Tianjin,Gansu et al were selected by the convenience sampling method from January to February 2025. The general data questionnaire,psychosocial safety climate scale and new nurse transition shock scale were used to conduct questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results Totally 404 new nurses could be divided into three potential categories:low psychological safety group(18.1%),medium psychological safety group(43.8%) and high psychological safety group(38.1%). Taking the "low psychological safety group" as a reference,the attitude towards nursing work was average(OR=5.030,P<0.05),having participated in induction training(OR=2.423,P<0.05),and the income satisfaction was relatively satisfied(OR=3.835,P<0.05) or average(OR=5.087,P<0.05) were a predictive factor for the middle psychological safety group. The attitude towards nursing work being very fond(OR=47.819,P<0.01) or relatively fond(OR=26.749,P<0.01),having participated in induction training(OR=5.066,P<0.01),and the number of night shifts per month being 0-<5(OR=3.030,P<0.05) were predictive factors for the high psychological safety group. There were statistically significant differences in transition shock scores and scores of each dimension among the three groups(all P<0.05). Conclusions There is potential heterogeneity in the psychosocial safety climate of 404 new nurses,and it affects the transition shock. It is suggested to intervene new nurses with different types of psychosocial safety climate according to the influencing factors to reduce the shock of their transition shock.

Key words: New nurses, Psychosocial safety climate, Potential profile analysis, Transition shock, Influencing factors, Nursing management

中图分类号: