职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 1752-1757.

• 论著—实验·监测与检验 • 上一篇    下一篇

人血、尿中铍元素的横向加热石墨炉原子吸收光谱法

陈峰1, 王雯洁2, 顾心逸1(), 张璐璐1, 王惠清3   

  1. 1 南通市疾病预防控制中心江苏 南通 226007
    2 徐州医科大学管理学院江苏 徐州 221004
    3 苏州市吴中区疾病预防控制中心江苏 苏州 215104
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-12 修回日期:2025-12-23 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-07-14
  • 通信作者: 顾心逸
  • 作者简介:顾心逸,E-mail:xy217@qq.com
    陈峰,男,主任技师,主要从事理化检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省职业健康科研项目(放射卫生)(JSZJ20251219)

Horizontal heating graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy for beryllium element in human blood and urine

CHEN Feng1, WANG Wenjie2, GU Xinyi1(), ZHANG Lulu1, WANG Huiqing3   

  1. 1 Nantong Center for Disease Control and PreventionNantongJiangsu 226007, China
    2 Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu 221004, China
    3 Wuzhong District Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouJiangsu 215104, China
  • Received:2025-09-12 Revised:2025-12-23 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-14
  • Contact: GU Xinyi

摘要:

目的 建立人血、尿中铍的横向加热-纵向塞曼校正石墨炉原子吸收光谱法。方法 血样分别经曲拉通稀释与酸脱蛋白处理后,样品液进入横向加热平台石墨管,以氯化钯为基体改进剂,优化石墨炉原子吸收测定的灰化温度和原子化温度,利用纵向塞曼校正背景效应对人、血尿进行测定。结果 血、尿中铍在0~2 μg/L的线性范围内,血中铍(曲拉通法)回归方程为Y=0.040 21X+0.000 03,r=0.999 6,该方法的检出限为0.10 μg/L;血中铍(酸脱蛋白法)回归方程为Y=0.046 39X+0.000 06,r=0.999 8,该方法的检出限为0.09 μg/L;尿中铍的回归方程Y=0.044 32X+0.000 04,r=0.998 9,该方法的检出限为0.06 μg/L,回收率为95.35%~107.85%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为0.60%~4.01%。与WS/T 46—1996比较,改进的新方法测定尿中铍的浓度均较高,经配对t检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且测定结果更接近真实值。2 g/L氯化钯溶液作为基体改进剂测定血、尿中铍效果最好,分别选择1 200、2 300 ℃为灰化温度和原子化温度,血、尿在-18 ℃保存条件下保存60 d,血中铍测定结果的下降率为2.5%,尿中铍的下降率为0。结论 利用(横向加热)石墨炉加热技术、纵向塞曼校正扣除背景技术测定血、尿中铍,生物样品基质效应影响相对较小,方法的检出限较低,且方法的准确度、精密度能达到实验满意的效果,适合基层理化检测中心对铍接触人群生物样本的检测。

关键词: 血, 尿, 铍, 横向加热, 石墨炉原子吸收

Abstract:

Objective To establish a transverse heating longitudinal Zeeman corrected graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy method for detecting beryllium in human blood and urine. Methods After dilution with Triton and acid deproteinization treatment,the blood samples were introduced into a transverse heating platform graphite tube. Palladium chloride was used as a matrix modifier to optimize the ashing temperature and atomization temperature of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The longitudinal Zeeman correction background effect was used to determine human blood and urine. Results The linear range of beryllium in blood and urine was 0-2 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in blood(Triton method) wasY=0.040 21X+0.000 03(r=0.999 6),and the detection limit of this method was 0.10 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in blood(acid deproteinization method) wasY=0.046 39X+0.000 06(r=0.999 8),and the detection limit of this method was 0.09 μg/L. The regression equation for beryllium in urine wasY=0.044 32X+0.000 04(r=0.998 9),and the detection limit of this method was 0.06 μg/L,the recovery rate was 95.35%-107.85%,and theRSD was 0.60%-4.01%. Compared with WS/T46-1996,the improved new method for determining the concentration of beryllium in urine was higher,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05) through pairedt-test,and the measurement results were closer to the true values. A 2 g/L palladium chloride solution as a matrix modifier showed the best effect in determining beryllium in blood and urine. 1 200 and 2 300 ℃ were selected as the ashing temperature and atomization temperature,respectively. Blood and urine were stored at -18 ℃ for 60 days,and the decrease rate of beryllium in blood was 2.5%,while that in urine was 0. Conclusion The use of (transverse heating) graphite furnace heating technology and longitudinal Zeeman correction background subtraction technology to determine beryllium in blood and urine has a relatively small impact on the matrix effect of biological samples,and the detection limit of the method is low. Moreover,the accuracy and precision of the method can achieve satisfactory experimental results,which is suitable for substrate layer physical and chemical testing centers to detect biological samples of beryllium exposed populations.

Key words: Blood, Urine, Beryllium, Transverse heating, Graphite furnace atomic absorption

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