职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 2405-2411.

• 论著——环境与健康 • 上一篇    下一篇

2020—2024年乌鲁木齐市大气污染物变化及其影响因素

兰靖, 魏学钰, 董宸希, 闫琪()   

  1. 新疆医科大学新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-21 修回日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-09-01 发布日期:2026-08-14
  • 通信作者: 闫琪 E-mail:ggwsyq@xjmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:兰靖,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境卫生学。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆特殊环境与健康研究重点实验室开放课题项目(SKL-SEHR-2021-02)

Changes in air pollutants and their influencing factors in Urumqi from 2020 to 2024

LAN Jing, WEI Xueyu, DONG Chenxi, YAN Qi()   

  1. Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang 830017, China
  • Received:2025-11-21 Revised:2026-01-19 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-08-14
  • Contact: YAN Qi E-mail:ggwsyq@xjmu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 了解2020—2024年乌鲁木齐市大气污染情况及大气污染物的变化规律和主要的气象驱动因素,为乌鲁木齐市的空气污染治理提供科学依据。方法 收集2020—2024年乌鲁木齐市主要大气污染物二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particulate matter,PM10)、细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM2.5)、一氧化碳(CO)、臭氧(O3)浓度以及气象因素(温度、湿度、气压、风速)变化的相关数据,并进行统计分析。结果 2020—2024年乌鲁木齐市主要大气污染物PM2.5、PM10、CO、SO2、NO2与O3的浓度年中值为18.00~26.00、47.00~66.00、0.40~0.70、5.00~8.00、25.00~34.00和85.50~95.00 μg/m3,总体呈下降趋势,具有显著的季节变化,即冬春季高、夏秋季低。PM2.5、PM10、CO和NO2与气压和湿度均存在明显的正相关(均P<0.01),但与大气温度、风速呈现明显负相关(均P<0.01)。SO2和O3与大气温度和风速之间均呈现显著的正相关(均P<0.01),而与气压和湿度均呈显著的负相关(均P<0.01)。结论 2020—2024年乌鲁木齐市大气污染情况显著改善,主要大气污染物浓度总体呈下降趋势。乌鲁木齐市主要污染物与气象因素呈显著相关关系,可参考结果制定气象因素相关的大气污染治理政策。

关键词: 大气污染物, 大气环境, 气象因素, 空气质量, 时空变化, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of air pollution in Urumqi from 2020 to 2024,clarify the variation patterns of air pollutants and their key meteorological driving factors,and provide a scientific basis for air pollution control in Urumqi. Methods Data on the concentrations of major air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide(SO2),nitrogen dioxide(NO2),inhalable particulate matter(PM10),fine particulate matter(PM2.5),carbon monoxide(CO),ozone(O3),and changes in meteorological factors(temperature,humidity,air pressure,wind speed) in Urumqi from 2020 to 2024 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results From 2020 to 2024,the annual median concentrations of the major atmospheric pollutants in Urumqi were in the ranges of 18.00-26.00 μg/m3 for PM2.5,47.00-66.00 μg/m3 for PM10,0.40-0.70 mg/m3 for CO,5.00-8.00 μg/m3 for SO2,25.00-34.00 μg/m3 for NO2,and 85.50-95.00 μg/m3 for O3,showing an overall downward trend. These pollutants exhibited significant seasonal variations,with higher concentrations in winter and spring and lower concentrations in summer and autumn. PM2.5,PM10,CO and NO2 showed significant positive correlations with air pressure and humidity(all P<0.01),but significant negative correlations with atmospheric temperature and wind speed(all P<0.01). By contrast,SO2 and O3 presented significant positive correlations with atmospheric temperature and wind speed(all P<0.01),while showing significant negative correlations with air pressure and humidity(all P<0.01). Conclusion The air pollution situation in Urumqi improved significantly from 2020 to 2024,with the concentrations of major atmospheric pollutants showing an overall downward trend. There are significant correlations between the main pollutants and meteorological factors in Urumqi,and the research results can be used as a reference for formulating meteorological factor-based policies for air pollution control.

Key words: Atmospheric pollutants, Atmospheric environment, Meteorological factors, Air quality, Temporal and spatial variations, Influencing factors

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