职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 2417-2420.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2003—2023年北京市某区尘肺疾病负担分析

郭媛媛, 张玉, 云水英   

  1. 北京市石景山区疾病预防控制中心北京 100043
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-04 修回日期:2025-11-05 出版日期:2026-09-01 发布日期:2026-08-14
  • 作者简介:郭媛媛,女,医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。

Analysis of pneumoconiosis disease burden in a district of Beijing from 2003 to 2023

GUO Yuanyuan, ZHANG Yu, YUN Shuiying   

  1. Beijing Shijingshan District Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100043, China
  • Received:2025-09-04 Revised:2025-11-05 Online:2026-09-01 Published:2026-08-14

摘要:

目的 分析北京市某区尘肺疾病负担情况,为尘肺病预防和控制措施提供参考依据。方法 收集职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统中2003—2023年尘肺病例资料,通过伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)、早死生命损失年(years of life lost with premature death,YLL)、伤残寿命损失年(years of lived with disability,YLD)等指标进行疾病负担分析。结果 北京市某区161例尘肺病例中男性154人,平均年龄为(67.51±10.17)岁,女性7人,平均年龄为(80.29±10.86)岁。病例累计DALY损失583.80人年,MQR)为3.04(3.12)年;累计YLD损失487.39人年,占比为83.49%;累计YLL损失96.41人年,占比为16.51%。不同诊断年龄、诊断分期、伤残等级、病程和诊断日期之间DALY比较,差异均有统计学意义(H=45.034、32.613、68.024、47.561、66.285,均P<0.01)。尘肺病例的年龄、尘肺病种类、病程、伤残等级、诊断日期均是尘肺病疾病负担的影响因素(β=-0.408、-0.163、0.273、-0.215、-0.618、-0.338、-0.438,均P<0.05)。结论 2003—2023年北京市某区尘肺疾病负担呈波动趋势,疾病负担主要由尘肺病造成的伤残所致,需加强行业、企业粉尘危害治理,加强对接尘岗位劳动者职业健康保障,减少患者疾病负担。

关键词: 职业病, 尘肺病, 疾病负担, 伤残调整寿命年

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the burden of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases from 2003 to 2023 were collected from the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System. The disease burden was analyzed by disability-adjusted life year(DALY),years of life lost with premature death(YLL) and years of lived with disability(YLD). Results Among the 161 cases of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing,154 were male,with an average age of (67.51±10.17)years,and 7 were female,with an average age of (80.29±10.86)years. The cumulative DALY loss was 583.80 person-years,and the MQR) was 3.04(3.12) years. The cumulative YLD loss was 487.39 person-years,accounting for 83.49%. The cumulative YLL loss of 96.41 person-years,accounted for 16.51%. There were statistically significant differences in DALY among different diagnostic ages,diagnostic stages,disability grades,course of disease and date of diagnosis(H=45.034,32.613,68.024,47.561,66.285,all P<0.01). The age of pneumoconiosis cases,the type of pneumoconiosis,the course of disease,the grade of disability,and the date of diagnosis were the influencing factors of pneumoconiosis disease burden(β=-0.408,-0.163,0.273,-0.215,-0.618,-0.338,-0.438,all P<0.05). Conclusion The disease burden of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing shows a fluctuating trend. The disease burden is mainly caused by the disability caused by pneumoconiosis. It is necessary to strengthen the control of dust hazards in industries and enterprises,strengthen the occupational health protection of workers in dust posts,and reduce the disease burden of patients.

Key words: Occupational disease, Pneumoconiosis, Disease burden, Disability-adjusted life year

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