尘肺病中肠道微生物的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尘肺病是指在职业活动中劳动者因长期接触以二氧化硅等为主要成分的粉尘，导致粉尘在肺内滞留并引发持续性炎性反应，经长期病理累积引发肺组织纤维化的职业性疾病。人类肠道微生物群是一个复杂的生态系统，在代谢、免疫和整体健康中起着至关重要的作用。尘肺病患者通常伴有肠道菌群失调及其相关的免疫炎症反应，紊乱的肠道菌群及其代谢产物可以通过血液循环和免疫调节等途径经“肠-肺轴”双向通讯轴影响远端肺部环境，加剧肺部炎症并促进肺纤维化的进程。针对肠道菌群的干预策略展现出巨大的治疗潜力，进一步为尘肺病的防治提供了新思路和方向。本文结合近年国内外研究进展，从菌群特征、机制探索及干预治疗策略等方面予以综述，以期为相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 尘肺病, 纤维化, 肠道菌群, 发病机制, 治疗, 研究进展

Abstract:

Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease caused by long-term exposure to silica-based dust in the workplace，leading to dust retention in the lungs，persistent inflammatory responses，and ultimately pulmonary fibrosis through prolonged pathological accumulation. The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a crucial role in metabolism，immunity，and overall health. Patients with pneumoconiosis often exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated immune-inflammatory responses. The disrupted microbiota and its metabolites can influence the distal pulmonary environment via the gut-lung axis through mechanisms such as bloodstream circulation and immune regulation，exacerbating lung inflammation and accelerating pulmonary fibrosis. Intervention strategies targeting the gut microbiota show promising therapeutic potential，offering novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. This review summarizes recent advances in microbial characteristics，underlying mechanisms，and interventional strategies based on domestic and international research，with the aim of providing valuable insights for future studies.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, Fibrosis, Gut microbiota, Pathogenesis, Treatment, Research progress

中图分类号:

R135.2

邢蒲花, 孔晓梅. 尘肺病中肠道微生物的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(17): 2443-2447.

XING Puhua, KONG Xiaomei. Research progress on gut microbiota in pneumoconiosis. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(17): 2443-2447.

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