职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 2454-2459.

• 论著——职业卫生与职业相关疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

心理弹性与认知重评在急诊科护士深层情绪劳动和职业倦怠间的中介效应分析

赵怡婷1, 孙安琪2, 王树苓3, 马玉菲1, 庄伊楠1, 孙海燕2()   

  1. 1 天津中医药大学研究生院天津 301617
    2 安徽中医药大学附属太和中医院安徽 阜阳 236600
    3 天津中医药大学第二附属医院天津 300250
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-16 修回日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-08-28
  • 通信作者: 孙海燕
  • 作者简介:孙海燕,E-mail:thzyyshy@163.com
    赵怡婷,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向临床护理。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省护理学会科研项目(AHHLb202119);安徽省中医药传承创新科研项目(2024CCCX175)

Analysis of the mediating effects of psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal between deep emotional labor and occupational burnout among emergency department nurses

ZHAO Yiting1, SUN Anqi2, WANG Shuling3, MA Yufei1, ZHUANG Yinan1, SUN Haiyan2()   

  1. 1 Graduate SchoolTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617, China
    2 Taihe Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineFuyangAnhui 236600, China
    3 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300250, China
  • Received:2025-07-16 Revised:2025-10-15 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: SUN Haiyan

摘要:

目的 探讨急诊科护士深层情绪劳动对职业倦怠的影响,并分析心理弹性和认知重评在其中的中介效应,为急诊护理领域的情绪管理与职业倦怠干预提供实证依据。方法 采用便利抽样法于2024年9—12月,选取安徽省2所三级甲等医院、天津市5所三级甲等医院急诊科护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、情绪劳动量表(emotional labor scale,ELS)、心理弹性量表(Connor Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC)、情绪调节问卷(emotion regulation questionnaire,ERQ)和中国职业倦怠量表(Chinese Maslach burnout inventory,CMBI)进行调查,采用Pearson相关分析探讨四者间的两两相关关系,采用AOMS 28.0构建并检验链式中介模型。结果 共调查443名急诊科护士,其深层情绪劳动总分为(11.49±2.74)分,心理弹性总分为(60.77±18.98)分,认知重评总分为(29.67±6.72)分,职业倦怠总分为(64.68±19.83)分。不同年龄、学历、工作时间、岗位聘用、月收入及夜班护理的护士深层情绪劳动得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、学历及职务的护士心理弹性得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同年龄、岗位聘用及职业规划的护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。职业倦怠与深层情绪劳动、心理弹性、认知重评均呈负相关(r=-0.363、-0.494、-0.417,均P<0.05)。中介效应分析显示,心理弹性在深层情绪劳动与职业倦怠之间起部分中介作用,中介效应值为-0.075,占总效应的15.76%;认知重评在深层情绪劳动与职业倦怠之间的部分中介效应不显著,效应值为-0.015,占总效应的3.15%;心理弹性和认知重评在深层情绪劳动与职业倦怠之间起链式中介作用,效应值为-0.014,占总效应的2.94%。结论 急诊科护士深层情绪劳动、心理弹性、认知重评及职业倦怠均处于中等偏上水平,心理弹性及认知重评在急诊科护士深层情绪劳动对职业倦怠的链式中介成立。建议护理管理者培养护士心理弹性和认知重评能力,提升情绪管理和应对压力的能力,减少职业倦怠,提高护理质量,促进职业发展。

关键词: 急诊科护士, 深层情绪劳动, 心理弹性, 认知重评, 职业倦怠

Abstract:

Objective To explore the impact of deep emotional labor on occupational burnout among emergency department nurses,and analyze the mediating effects of psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal,so as to provide empirical evidence for emotional management and occupational burnout intervention in the field of emergency nursing. Methods From September to December 2024,convenience sampling was used to select emergency department nurses from 2 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province and 5 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin Municipality as the research subjects. A general information questionnaire,the emotional labor scale(ELS),Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),emotion regulation questionnaire(ERQ),and Chinese Maslach burnout inventory(CMBI) were used for the survey. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the correlations among the four variables,and AOMS 28.0 was used to construct and test the chain mediation model. Results A total of 443 emergency department nurses were surveyed,with a total score of(11.49±2.74)points for deep emotional labor,(60.77±18.98)points for psychological resilience,(29.67±6.72)points for cognitive reappraisal,and (64.68±19.83)points for occupational burnout.Statistically significant differences in deep emotional labor scores were observed among nurses with different ages,educational backgrounds,working years,employment types,monthly incomes,and night-shift nursing experiences(all P<0.05). Statistically significant differences in psychological resilience scores were found among nurses with different ages,educational backgrounds,and job positions(all P<0.05). Statistically significant differences in occupational burnout scores were present among nurses with different ages,employment types,and career plans(all P<0.05). Occupational burnout was negatively correlated with deep emotional labor,psychological resilience,and cognitive reappraisal(r=-0.363,-0.494,-0.417,all P<0.05). Mediation effect analysis showed that psychological resilience played a partial mediating role in the relationship between deep emotional labor and occupational burnout,with a mediation effect value of -0.075,accounting for 15.76% of the total effect. The partial mediating effect of cognitive reappraisal in the relationship between deep emotional labor and occupational burnout was not significant,with an effect value of -0.015,accounting for 3.15% of the total effect. Psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal exerted a chain mediating effect in the relationship between deep emotional labor and occupational burnout,with an effect value of -0.014,accounting for 2.94% of the total effect. Conclusion Emergency department nurses show an above-average level of deep emotional labor,psychological resilience,cognitive reappraisal,and occupational burnout. The chain mediation of psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal in the effect of deep emotional labor on occupational burnout among emergency department nurses is valid. It is suggested that nursing managers should cultivate nurses' psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal abilities,enhance their emotional management and stress-coping skills,so as to reduce occupational burnout,improve nursing quality,and promote nurses' professional development.

Key words: Emergency department nurses, Deep emotional labor, Psychological resilience, Cognitive reappraisal, Occupational burnout

中图分类号: