职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 150-155.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

木质家具作业工人肌肉骨骼损伤工作姿势分析和危险等级评价

余巧利1, 杨亚君1(), 叶孟良2, 石雄杰1, 赵进华1, 段勇1   

  1. 1.重庆市长寿区疾病预防控制中心,重庆 401220
    2.重庆医科大学,重庆 400016
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-20 修回日期:2025-05-07 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 通信作者: 杨亚君,E-mail:75516119@qq.com
  • 作者简介:余巧利,女,副主任医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市长寿区科技计划项目(CSKJ2024061)

Analysis of working posture and risk level evaluation on musculoskeletal disorders among woodenfurniture operators

YU Qiaoli1, YANG Yajun1(), YE Mengliang2, SHI Xiongjie1, ZHAO Jinhua1, DUAN Yong1   

  1. 1. Chongqing Changshou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 401220,China
    2. Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China
  • Received:2025-04-20 Revised:2025-05-07 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-06

摘要:

目的 识别木质家具作业人员肌肉骨骼损伤不良工作姿势,评价工作姿势负荷的危险等级,为预防该作业人群工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的发生提供科学依据。 方法 2024年6月采用整群抽样方法,选择重庆市长寿区高新区的8家木质家具制造厂575名作业工人作为研究对象,应用工作姿势分析系统对工人的不良工作姿势、负荷、姿势出现的情况进行现场调查和分析。 结果 575名工人的不良姿势主要集中在腿部和背部,腿部主要不良姿势为站立、走动和双脚弯站立,人数分别为292人(50.8%)、178人(31.0%)和98人(17.0%);背部主要不良姿势为前弯、弯曲且扭转,人数分别为375人(65.2%)、142人(24.7%)。561名家具厂工人腿部危险度等级≥2;465名工人背部危险度等级≥2。521名作业工人需采取针对的措施改善其不良姿势,行动等级占比达到90.6%,其中50名(43.1%)打磨工和14名(24.6%)包装工工作姿势为严重危害行动等级。 结论 重庆市长寿区高新区8家木质家具制造厂绝大部分家具作业工人存在不良工作姿势,尤其是腿部和背部。部分工作姿势为严重危害行动等级,特别是打磨工,其次是包装工,需立即采取相关改善措施。

关键词: 工作姿势分析系统, 职业性肌肉骨骼疾患, 木质家具作业人员, 工效学

Abstract:

Objective To identify the poor working posture on musculoskeletal disorders of woodenfurniture operators,evaluate the risk grade of working posture,and to provide scientific basis for preventing work-rated musculoskeletal disorders in the working population. Methods In June 2024,a cluster sampling method was used to select 575 workers from 8 wood furniture manufacturers in High-tech Zone of Changshou District of Chongqing as the research objects,and Ovako working posture analysis system(OWAS) method was applied to conduct on-site investigation and analysis of the workers' poor work posture,work load,and posture occurrence. Results Among 575 workers,the improper postures mainly occurred in the legs and back. The main improper postures of the legs were standing,walking and standing with both feet bent,with the number(composition ratio) being 292(50.8%),178(31.0%),and 98(17.0%),respectively.The main improper postures of the back were forward bending and bending with twisting,with the number(composition ratio) being 375(65.2%) and 142(24.7%),respectively. The leg risk level of 561 furniture factory workers was ≥2,and the back risk level of 465 workers was ≥2. Totally 521 operation workers needed to adopt improvement measures for their improper postures,with the proportion of action levels reaching 90.6%. Among them,the working postures of 50(43.1%) grinding workers and 14(24.6%) packaging workers were at the severe hazard action level. Conclusion The vast majority of woodenfurniture operators from 8 wood furniture manufacturers in High-tech Zone of Changshou District of Chongqing present with improper working postures,especially in the legs and back. Some working postures are at the severe hazard action level,particularly for grinding workers,followed by packaging workers,and relevant improvement measures need to be taken immediately.

Key words: Ovako working posture analysis system, Work-related musculoskeletal-disorders, Wooden furniture operators, Ergonomies

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