职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 189-195.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年天津市河西区百日咳流行特征与发病趋势分析

孙炜玮1, 安吉1, 邢娜1, 高思琦1, 牛犇1(), 丁亚兴2()   

  1. 1.天津市河西区疾病预防控制中心,天津 300211
    2.天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津 300011
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-16 修回日期:2025-04-29 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-02-06
  • 通信作者: 丁亚兴,E-mail:louisdyx@163.com;牛犇,E-mail:niuben08133236@163.com
  • 作者简介:孙炜玮,女,主治医师,主要从事免疫规划相关工作。

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of pertussis in Hexi District of Tianjin City from 2014 to 2023

SUN Weiwei1, AN Ji1, XING Na1, GAO Siqi1, NIU Ben1(), DING Yaxing2()   

  1. 1. Tianjin Hexi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300211,China
    2. Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China
  • Received:2025-04-16 Revised:2025-04-29 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-06

摘要:

目的 分析2014—2023年天津市河西区百日咳流行特征并预测其发病趋势,为更精准防控疾病提供数据支撑。 方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统,按照发病日期下载居住在2014—2023年天津市河西区的百日咳病例信息,分析其流行特征;用Joinpoint回归模型和自回归移动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)进行发病趋势分析和预测。 结果 2014—2023年天津市河西区累计报告百日咳病例322例,年均发病率为3.49/10万。2014—2018、2018—2021和2021—2023年百日咳发病率年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)分别为41.47%、-63.27%和1 327.35%。0~<1岁组儿童年均发病率最高(101.87/10万),但2020—2023年病例以5~<10岁组儿童为主。在301例(≥3月龄)病例中发病前至少接种1剂次含百白破成份疫苗者占90.70%;其中3~<6月龄病例中81.82%未完成3剂次;5~<10岁病例中96.97%完成了全程免疫。预测2024年百日咳发病水平与2023年相似。 结论 2014—2023年报告发病率呈现先升高再降低再升高趋势,0~<1岁婴幼儿特别是未接种DTaP疫苗或未完成基础免疫的婴幼儿以及5~<10岁儿童发病风险高;预测2024年百日咳发病趋势与2023年相似。建议加强监测和防控以及进一步探索和优化我国含百白破疫苗的免疫策略。

关键词: 百日咳, 流行特征, 自回归移动平均模型, 预测

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Hexi District of Tianjin City from 2014 to 2023 and predict its incidence trends,providing data support for more accurate disease prevention and control. Methods The pertussis incidence data in Hexi District of Tianjin City from 2014 to 2023 according to the date of onset were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis. The Joinpoint regression model and autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) model were used to analyze incidence trend and predict. Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 322 pertussis cases were reported in Hexi District of Tianjin City,with an average annual incidence rate of 3.49/100 000. The annual percent change(APC) in the incidence rate of pertussis was 41.47% between 2014 and 2018,-63.27% between 2018 and 2021,and 1 327.35% between 2021 and 2023. The highest average annual incidence rate of 101.87/100 000 was in 0-<1 years group,but cases predominantly involved children aged 5-<10 years from 2020 to 2023.Among the 301 cases(≥3 months of age),90.70% had received at least one dose of diphthera,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(DTaP) before pertussis onset. Among cases aged 3~<6 months,81.82% had not completed the three-dose vaccination schedule;whereas among cases aged 5-<10 years,96.97% had completed the full course of vaccination. Predict that the pertussis incidence in 2024 would be similar to that in 2023. Conclusion The reported incidence rate from 2014 to 2023 showed a trend of first increasing,then decreasing,and finally increasing again. Infants aged 0-<1 year,particularly those who had not received the DTaP vaccine or had not completed basic immunization,and children aged 5-<10 years were at high risk of pertussis. The pertussis incidence trend in 2024 was predicted to be similar to that in 2023. It is recommended to strengthen monitoring and prevention and control efforts and further explore and optimize the immunization strategy for DTaP-containing vaccines in China.

Key words: Pertussis, Epidemiological characteristics, Autoregressive integrated moving average model, Prediction

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