职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 2800-2804.

• 论著—食品安全与营养 • 上一篇    下一篇

2012—2023年无锡市食品中蜡样芽孢杆菌检出情况分析

王小娜, 王锦铭, 高敏国()   

  1. 无锡市疾病预防控制中心(南京医科大学附属无锡疾病预防控制中心)江苏 无锡 214023
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-21 修回日期:2025-10-20 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通信作者: 高敏国,E-mail:gaominguo@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王小娜,女,主管医师,主要从事食品安全风险监测工作。

Analysis of Bacillus cereus detection in food in Wuxi City from 2012 to 2023

WANG Xiaona, WANG Jinming, GAO Minguo()   

  1. Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention)WuxiJiangsu 214023, China
  • Received:2025-07-21 Revised:2025-10-20 Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-09-14
  • Contact: GAO Minguo,E-mail:gaominguo@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解2012—2023年无锡市市售食品中蜡样芽孢杆菌的污染情况,为防控食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 按照每年的《江苏省食品微生物及其致病因子监测工作手册》要求,随机采集无锡市8个地区市售10类食品样品727份,按照 GB 4789.14—2014《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 蜡样芽孢杆菌检验》定量检测蜡样芽孢杆菌,并进行统计学分析。结果 727份抽检样品中,检出蜡样芽孢杆菌77份,总检出率为10.59%,检出率2013年最高为(24.00%),其次为 2016年(16.67%)、2012年(15.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.027,P<0.05)。在不同种类食品中,学生餐检出率最高(16.83%),其次为婴幼儿谷类辅助食品(16.79%)、熟肉制品(14.58%)、熟制米面制品(13.91%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.874,P<0.05)。检出率散装食品检出率为13.80%,预包装食品为7.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.440,P<0.05);第1季度检出率最高(33.33%),第3季度次之(12.70%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.691,P<0.05)。定量检测结果显示,蜡样芽孢杆菌菌落数<102 CFU/g(mL)占57.14%(44/77)、102~<105 CFU/g(mL)占37.66%(29/77),≥105 CFU/g(mL)的占5.19%(4/77)。在不同采样地点中,路边摊位检出率最高(35.00%),其次是集体食堂(14.55%)、网店(11.63%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.583,P<0.05)。结论 2012—2023年无锡市多种市售食品中有蜡样芽孢杆菌的污染,应特别关注学生餐及路边摊的污染情况,相关部门应加大监管力度,加强培训和教育宣传,防止食源性疾病的发生。

关键词: 食品安全, 蜡样芽孢杆菌, 污染监测, 微生物及其致病因子, 食源性疾病, 食品抽检

Abstract:

Objective To understand the contamination of Bacillus cereus in food sold in Wuxi City from 2012 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods According to the requirements of the "Annual Work Manual for Monitoring Food Microorganisms and Their Pathogenic Factors in Jiangsu Province",727 samples of 10 types of food sold in 8 areas of Wuxi City were randomly collected.The Bacillus cereus was quantitatively detected according to GB4789.14-2014 "National Food Safety Standard-Food Microbiological Examination-Examination of Bacillus cereus",and statistical analysis was conducted. Results Out of 727 sampled samples,77 were found to contain Bacillus cereus,with a total detection rate of 10.59%.The detection rate was highest in 2013(24.00%),followed by 2016(16.67%) and 2012(15.00%),with a statistically significant difference(χ2=33.027,P<0.05). Among different types of food,the detection rate of student meals was the highest(16.83%),followed by infant cereal supplements(16.79%),cooked meat products(14.58%),and cooked rice and flour products(13.91%),with a statistically significant difference(χ2=41.874,P<0.05). The difference in detection rate between bulk food(13.80%) and pre packaged food(7.98%) was statistically significant(χ2=6.440,P<0.05). The detection rate was highest in the first quarter(33.33%),followed by the third quarter(12.70%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=26.691,P<0.05). The quantitative detection results of Bacillus cereus showed that 57.14%(44/77) had colony counts below 102 CFU/g(mL),37.66%(29/77) had colony counts between 102-<105 CFU/g(mL),and 5.19%(4/77) had colony counts ≥105 CFU/g(mL). Among different sampling locations,the detection rate of roadside stalls was the highest(35.00%),followed by collective canteens (14.55%) and online stores(11.63%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=39.583,P<0.05). Conclusion From 2012 to 2023,there was contamination of Bacillus cereus in various commercially available foods in Wuxi City. Special attention should be paid to the contamination of student meals and roadside stalls. Relevant departments should increase supervision,strengthen training and education,and prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

Key words: Food safety, Bacillus cereus, Pollution monitoring, Microorganisms and their pathogenic factors, Foodborne diseases, Food sampling inspection

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