职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 343-348.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

超高效液相色谱质谱联用法测定不同蔬菜中23种农药残留基质效应

周一卉, 范惠莹, 杨其帆()   

  1. 上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心(上海市静安区卫生健康监督所)上海 200072
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-16 修回日期:2025-06-12 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 杨其帆,E-mail:y_q_f@163.com
  • 作者简介:周一卉,女,主管技师,主要从事理化检验相关研究工作。

Determination of matrix effects of 23 pesticide residues in different vegetables using UPLC-MS/MS

ZHOU Yihui, FAN Huiying, YANG Qifan()   

  1. Shanghai Jing'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Shanghai Jing'an District Health Supervision Institute)Shanghai 200072,China
  • Received:2025-05-16 Revised:2025-06-12 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: YANG Qifan,E-mail:y_q_f@163.com

摘要:

目的 建立超高液相色谱-串联质谱法测定21种蔬菜中23种农药残留的方法,研究在不同蔬菜基质中QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheep,effective,rugged and safe)和固相萃取两种预处理技术对农药残留基质效应的影响。方法 在超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)检测条件下,分别对不同种类的蔬菜基质进行基质效应检测。结果 方法的检出限为0.000 01~0.005 11 mg/kg;低、中、高3种浓度的平均相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)分别为2.67%~16.94%、4.64%~15.88%、1.91%~13.24%;在80、160和320 μg/kg浓度下的加标回收率分别为65.51%~110.90%、64.93%~107.25%和64.79%~94.97%。23种农药残留化合物在不同蔬菜中大多呈现弱抑制的现象,小部分出现弱增强和中增强的基质效应,并且不同吸附剂用量、前处理方法和基质类别对各农药残留化合物的基质效应影响较大。结论 不同的蔬菜样品,在两种前处理方法条件下,基质效应对各农药残留化合物检测结果的影响程度不一,尽管本研究使用的检测方法精密度好、检出限低、加标回收率较稳定,但同时仍需要加强对基质效应的消除,确保结果的准确可靠。

关键词: 农药残留, 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱, 基质效应

Abstract:

Objective To establish a method for determining 23 pesticide residues in 21 vegetables using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),and study the matrix effects of pesticide residues under the conditions of solid-phase extraction and quick,easy,cheep,effective,rugged and safe(QuEChERS) pre-treatment methods in different vegetable matrices. Methods Under the detection conditions of UPLC-MS/MS,different types of vegetable matrix effect were detected. Results The detection limit of the method was 0.000 01-0.005 11 mg/kg. The average relative standard deviation(RSD) of low,medium,and high concentrations were 2.67%-16.94%,4.64%-15.88%,and 1.91%-13.24%,respectively. The spiked recovery rates at concentrations of 80,160,and 320 μg/kg were 65.51%-110.90%,64.93%-107.25% and 64.79%-94.97%,respectively. Most of the 23 pesticides showed weak inhibition in 21 different vegetables,with a small portion exhibiting medium to weak enhanced matrix effects. Moreover,different adsorbent dosages,pre-treatment methods,and matrix types had a significant impact on the matrix effects of each pesticide residue compound. Conclusion The impact of matrix effects on the detection results of various pesticide residues varies among different vegetable samples under two pre-treatment conditions. Although the detection method used in this study has good precision,low detection limit,and stable spiked recovery rate,it is still necessary to strengthen the elimination of matrix effects to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results.

Key words: Pesticide residues, Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Matrix effect

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