职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 501-505.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

肿瘤科护士工作重塑、职场排斥对心理健康的影响及中介作用研究

刘倩文, 张倩(), 郭艳敏, 孟玮, 赵婷婷, 王世旭   

  1. 河北北方学院附属第一医院,河北 张家口075000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-07 修回日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 通信作者: 张倩,E-mail:18131374053@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘倩文,女,护师,主要从事肿瘤科临床护理工作。

Study on impact and mediating role of job crafting and workplace exclusion on mental health of oncology nurses

LIU Qianwen, ZHANG Qian(), GUO Yanmin, MENG Wei, ZHAO Tingting, WANG Shixu   

  1. First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China
  • Received:2025-05-07 Revised:2025-05-15 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-13
  • Contact: ZHANG Qian,E-mail:18131374053@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解肿瘤科护士工作重塑、职场排斥和心理健康状况,分析工作重塑、职场排斥对心理健康的影响及中介作用,为医院护理相关管理人员制定干预措施提高护士心理健康水平提供参考证据。方法 采用简单随机抽样法,2024年12月—2025年1月分别采用工作重塑问卷、职场排斥问卷和心理健康问卷对河北省10家三级甲等综合医院176名肿瘤科护士进行调查并分析其相关性。比较不同因素中工作重塑、职场排斥和心理健康得分的差异。分析工作重塑在职场排斥和心理健康之间的中介作用。结果 176名肿瘤科护士工作重塑、职场排斥和心理健康总分分别为(80.35±15.76)、(14.53±2.14)和(13.64±2.85)分;不同年龄、专业技术职称、护理工作年限、平均月收入、平均月值班数、婚姻状况的肿瘤科护士工作重塑得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄、专业技术职称、护理工作年限、平均月收入、平均月值班数、婚姻状况的肿瘤科护士职场排斥、心理健康得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);肿瘤科护士工作重塑与心理健康呈正相关(r=0.582,P<0.01),职场排斥与心理健康呈负相关(r=-0.613,P<0.01),工作重塑与职场排斥呈负相关(r=-0.447,P<0.01);肿瘤科护士工作重塑在职场排斥和心理健康之间起部分中介作用,中介效应值为-0.279,占总效应的比例为46.81%。结论 肿瘤科护士工作重塑在职场排斥和心理健康之间起部分中介作用,医院护理相关管理人员和肿瘤科护士应重视职场排斥和工作重塑对心理健康的影响,采取相应措施提高工作重塑水平,从而减少职场排斥带来的负面影响,提高肿瘤科护士的心理健康水平。

关键词: 肿瘤科护士, 心理健康, 工作重塑, 职场排斥, 中介作用

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the job crafting,workplace exclusion and mental health of nurses in the oncology department,study the impact and mediating role of job crafting and workplace exclusion on mental health,and provide reference evidence for hospital nursing managers to formulate intervention measures to improve the mental health of nurses. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to survey 176 nurses in the oncology department of 10 grade-A tertiary general hospitals in Hebei Province from December 2024 to January 2025 using a job crafting questionnaire,a workplace exclusion questionnaire and a mental health questionnaire,and their correlation was analyzed. The differences in job crafting,workplace exclusion and mental health scores among different factors were compared. The mediating role of job crafting between workplace exclusion and mental health was analyzed. Results The total scores of job crafting,workplace rejection and mental health of the 176 oncology nurses were (80.35±15.76),(14.53±2.14) and (13.64±2.85)points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in job crafting scores among oncology nurses with different age,professional and technical title,years of nursing experience,average monthly income,average monthly number of shifts and marital status(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of workplace rejection and mental health among oncology nurses with different gender,age,professional and technical title,nursing experience,average monthly income,average monthly shifts,and marital status(all P<0.05). The job crafting was positively correlated with mental health of oncology nurses(r=0.582,P<0.01),workplace rejection was negatively correlated with mental health(r=-0.613,P<0.01),and job crafting was negatively correlated with workplace rejection(r=-0.447,P<0.01). The job crafting played a partial mediating role between workplace rejection and mental health of oncology nurses,with a mediating effect value of -0.279,accounting for 46.81% of the total effect. Conclusion The job crafting plays a partial mediating role between workplace rejection and mental health of oncology nurses,and hospital nursing managers and oncology nurses should pay attention to the impact of workplace rejection and job crafting on mental health,take corresponding measures to improve the level of job crafting,thereby reducing the negative impact of workplace rejection and improving the mental health of oncology nurses.

Key words: Oncology nurses, Mental health, Job crafting, Workplace exclusion, Mediating effect

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