职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 658-663.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐城市居民健康素养与健康状况的关系分析

徐红, 王丽萍(), 陈鑫   

  1. 盐城市疾病预防控制中心,江苏 盐城 224002
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05 修回日期:2025-07-03 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-03-10
  • 通信作者: 王丽萍,E-mail:13740245@qq.com
  • 作者简介:徐红,女,副主任医师,主要从事健康教育与健康促进工作。

Analysis of the relationship between health literacy and health status of residents in Yancheng City

XU Hong, WANG Liping(), CHEN Xin   

  1. Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224002,China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2025-07-03 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: WANG Liping,E-mail:13740245@qq.com
  • About author:WANG Liping,E-mail:13740245@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解盐城市居民健康素养水平和健康状况,分析居民健康素养与健康状况之间的关联。方法 2023年9—11月采用按人口规模成比例的概率抽样(probability proportionate to size sampling,PPS抽样)和简单随机抽样方法抽取盐城市9个县/市/区54个居委会/村2 586名15~69岁常住居民作为调查对象,使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》进行入户调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 盐城市居民总体健康素养水平为35.45%,慢性病患病率、两周患病率分别为37.70%、25.83%,自评健康好、一般、差的比例分别为48.03%、40.91%、11.06%。在控制了人口学特征因素的影响后,具备基本知识和理念素养(OR=0.760,95%CI:0.619~0.933)是影响居民两周患病率的保护因素(P<0.05);具备健康技能素养(OR=1.252, 95%CI:1.038~1.511)是居民自评健康状况的保护因素(P<0.05)。多重对应分析结果显示,居民两周患病、患2种慢性病、患有3种及以上慢性病以及自评健康差与很低等级健康素养之间存在关联;患有1种慢性病以及自评健康一般与较低等级健康素养之间存在关联;而两周内未患病、未患慢性病以及自评健康好与较高等级健康素养之间存在关联。结论 居民健康素养与健康状况存在正相关关系,提高居民健康素养有利于促进和改善居民的健康状况,应加强健康支持性环境建设及健康知识普及,提升居民健康素养水平,从而促进居民健康。

关键词: 健康素养, 健康状况, Logistic回归分析, 多重对应分析

Abstract:

Objective To understand the level of health literacy and health status of residents in Yancheng City,and analyze the relationship between health literacy and health status of residents. Methods From September to November in 2023,2 586 residents aged 15-69 years from 54 neighborhood committees/villages of 9 counties/districts in Yancheng City were selected by probability proportionate to size(PPS) sampling and simple random sampling. The national health literacy survey questionnaire was used for household survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The overall level of health literacy of residents in Yancheng City was 35.45%,the prevalence rates of chronic diseases and two-week were 37.70% and 25.83%,respectively,and the proportions of good, fair and poor self-reported health were 48.03%,40.91% and 11.06%,respectively. After controlling demographic characteristics, possessing knowledge and concept literacy(OR=0.760,95%CI:0.619-0.933) was a protective factor for the prevalence rates of two-week(P<0.05),possessing health skill literacy(OR=1.252,95%CI:1.038-1.511) was a protective factor for self-reported health(P<0.05). The results of multiple correspondence analysis showed that the prevalence rates of two-week,two chronic diseases,three or more chronic diseases,and poor self-reported health were correlated with very low health literacy;One chronic disease and fair self-reported health were correlated with fairly low health literacy;Whereas no illness within two weeks,no chronic diseases and good self-reported health were correlated with high health literacy. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between health literacy and health status of residents. Improving health literacy is conducive to promoting and improving the health status of residents. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of health supportive environment and popularization of health knowledge to improve the level of health literacy and health status of residents.

Key words: Health literacy, Health status, Logistic regression analysis, Multiple correspondence analysis

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