职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1082-1086.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015—2023年天津市滨海新区食源性疾病患者沙门菌感染状况及耐药性分析

刘钦, 赵苗苗, 王雪娇, 杨岚, 赵希璐   

  1. 天津市滨海新区疾病预防控制中心(卫生监督所)天津 300450
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-27 修回日期:2025-07-03 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-18
  • 作者简介:刘钦,女,副主任医师,主要从事食品安全风险监测工作。

Analysis of Salmonella infection and drug resistance in foodborne diseases in Binhai New Area of Tianjin City from 2015 to 2023

LIU Qin, ZHAO Miaomiao, WANG Xuejiao, YANG Lan, ZHAO Xilu   

  1. Tianjin Binhai New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Tianjin Binhai New Area Institute of Health Inspection)Tianjin 300450, China
  • Received:2025-05-27 Revised:2025-07-03 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-18

摘要:

目的 分析2015—2023年天津市滨海新区食源性疾病患者沙门菌感染及菌株耐药情况,为食源性疾病防控及抗生素的科学使用提供依据。方法 于2015—2023年按照《食源性疾病监测工作手册》采集天津市滨海新区食源性疾病患者标本,检测沙门菌并进行血清分型和药敏试验,并对数据进行分析。结果 共采集食源性疾病患者标本4 553份,检出230株沙门菌,检出率为5.05%,检出率呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=5.477,P<0.05)。第1、2、3、4季度的检出率分别为9.76%、7.42%、4.80%和2.77%,第3季度季节指数最高(2.1)。0~<6、6~<18、18~<60、≥60岁组的检出率分别为12.94%、5.14%、3.52%和4.78%。引起沙门菌食源性疾病的可疑食物主要为蛋与蛋制品(18.75%),街头摊点/食品店是引起沙门菌食源性疾病的主要场所。沙门菌分为24种血清型,占比较高的血清型为肠炎沙门菌(2.02%)和鼠伤寒沙门菌(0.79%)。耐药菌株数176株,总体耐药率87.13%,总体耐药率呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=9.347,P<0.01),耐药率较高的为萘啶酸(54.95%)、氨苄西林(53.96%)和四环素(38.61%),多重耐药菌株比例也呈年度上升趋势(χ2趋势=14.311,P<0.01)。结论 2015—2023年天津市滨海新区食源性疾病患者中沙门菌检出率逐年上升,多重耐药率较高,耐药情况严重,应加强食源性疾病主动监测和沙门菌耐药监测,禽畜养殖业及临床治疗应当谨慎选择用药。

关键词: 沙门菌, 流行特征, 食源性疾病, 耐药性

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the incidence of Salmonella infection and antibiotic resistance of foodborne disease patients in Binhai New Area of Tianjin City from 2015 to 2023,and provide a basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases and the scientific use of antibiotics. Methods Samples of foodborne disease patients in Binhai New Area of Tianjin City were collected according to the "Foodborne Disease Surveillance Work Manual",and Salmonella was detected,serum typing and drug sensitivity tests were conducted,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 4 553 samples of foodborne disease patients were collected from 2015 to 2023,and 230 Salmonella strains were detected,the detection rate was 5.05%,and the detection rate showed an increasing trend(χ2trend=4.78,P<0.05). The detection rates of the first,second,third and fourth quarters were 9.76%,7.42%,4.80% and 2.77%,respectively,and the seasonal index of the third quarter was the highest(2.1). The detection rates of the 0-<6,6-<18,18-<60,and ≥60 age groups were 12.94%,5.14%,3.52%,and 4.78%,respectively. Eggs and egg products(18.75%) were the main suspected foods causing Salmonella foodborne illness,and street stalls/food shops were the main places causing Salmonella foodborne illness. Salmonella could be divided into 24 serotypes,the high serotypes were Salmonella enteritidis(2.02%) and Salmonella typhimurium(0.79%). The number of drug-resistant strains was 176,and the overall drug resistance rate was 87.13%,and the overall drug resistance rate showed an increasing trend(χ2trend=9.347,P<0.01). The highest drug resistance rates were nalidixic acid(54.95%),ampicillin(53.96%) and tetracycline(38.61%),and the proportion of multi-drug resistant strains also showed an annual increasing trend(χ2trend=14.311,P<0.01). Conclusion The detection rate of salmonella in patients with foodborne diseases in Binhai New Area of Tianjin City from 2015 to 2023 is increasing year by year,with a high rate of multidrug resistance and serious drug resistance. Active surveillance of foodborne diseases and monitoring of salmonella drug resistance should be strengthened,and drug use should be carefully selected in livestock breeding and clinical treatment.

Key words: Salmonella, Popular characteristics, Foodborne disease, Drug resistance

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