职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 592-596.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

幼儿教师述情障碍、职业倦怠现况及影响因素分析

吴美珺1, 舒燕萍2(), 杨菊英2, 侯勇哲2, 赵兴灵1   

  1. 1.遵义医科大学,贵州 遵义 563000
    2.贵州省第二人民医院,贵州 贵阳 550000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-12 修回日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-03-10
  • 通信作者: 舒燕萍,E-mail:syp789789789@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴美珺,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为临床心理学。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础 ZK-2023-一般195)

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of alexithymia and job burnout in kindergarten teachers

WU Meijun1, SHU Yanping2(), YANG Juying2, HOU Yongzhe2, ZHAO Xingling1   

  1. 1. Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000,China
    2. The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000,China
  • Received:2025-05-12 Revised:2025-11-03 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: SHU Yanping,E-mail:syp789789789@163.com
  • About author:SHU Yanping,E-mail:syp789789789@163.com

摘要:

目的 调查幼儿园教师述情障碍与职业倦怠的现状,分析二者相关性及影响因素,为缓解幼儿园教师职业倦怠、推动学前教育发展提供依据。方法 以贵州省9所公办幼儿园的教师为研究对象,2022年6—7月通过整群随机抽样抽取290名幼儿教师作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、多伦多述情障碍量表(20-item Toronto alexithymia scale,TAS-20)及Maslach职业倦怠量表(Maslach burnout inventory-educators survey,MBI-ES)进行问卷调查,并进行Pearson相关分析及分层回归分析。结果 290名幼儿教师职业倦怠平均得分为(2.90±0.33)分,述情障碍平均得分为(3.11±0.56)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,幼儿园教师在述情障碍各因子得分和职业倦怠各因子得分之间存在正相关(均P<0.01)。进一步通过分层回归分析发现,情感辨别能力不足以及外向型思维是导致幼儿园教师职业倦怠的危险因素。结论 幼儿园教师存在一定程度的职业倦怠,述情障碍与职业倦怠呈正相关关系。应通过完善职业发展支持体系、建立教师心理适应机制等措施来预防或缓解幼儿教师的职业倦怠。

关键词: 述情障碍, 职业倦怠, 幼儿园教师

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation of alexithymia and professional burnout among kindergarten teachers,and analyze the correlation and influencing factors between the two,so as to provide a basis for alleviating kindergarten teachers' professional burnout and promoting the development of preschool education. Methods With the teachers of 9 public kindergartens in Guizhou Province as the research objects,290 kindergarten teachers were randomly selected as the investigation objects by using the general information questionnaire,the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS-20) and the Maslach burnout inventory-educators survey(MBI-ES) to conduct a questionnaire survey,and pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. Results The average score of burnout among 290 kindergarten teachers was (2.90±0.33)points,and the average score of alexithymia was (3.11±0.56)points. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between the scores of various factors of alexithymia and the scores of various factors of burnout of kindergarten teachers(all P<0.01). Further hierarchical regression analysis revealed that lack of emotional discrimination ability and extroverted thinking were the risk factors leading to job burnout of kindergarten teachers. Conclusion There is a certain degree of job burnout in kindergarten teachers. Alexithymia is positively correlated with job burnout. Measures such as improving the career development support system and establishing a psychological adaptation mechanism for teachers should be taken to prevent or alleviate burnout of kindergarten teachers.

Key words: Alexithymia, Burnout, Kindergarten teachers

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